{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T07:17:25Z","timestamp":1791962245145,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"26","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020950","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["112-2221-E-007- 022-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["112-2221-E-007- 022-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020950","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["113-2923-E-008-007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113-2923-E-008-007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020950","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["114-2218-E-007-010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["114-2218-E-007-010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020950","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["114-2224-E-007-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["114-2224-E-007-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020950","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["114-2628-E-007-017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["114-2628-E-007-017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020950","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["115-2223-E-007-014-MY4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["115-2223-E-007-014-MY4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education-Taiwan"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ACS Nano"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6c06368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T05:10:21Z","timestamp":1782277821000},"page":"19037-19055","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Template-Confined Synthesis of 1 nm High-Entropy-Alloy Nanoparticle Library for Electrocatalysis"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Chun-Wei","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6044-5076","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yueh-Chun","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy and Department of Chemistry","place":["Liverpool, United Kingdom"]},{"name":"University of Liverpool","place":["Liverpool, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jui-Tai","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zong-Ying","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Semiconductor Research","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Kuang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Yang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Hsiang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9434-3392","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Han-Yuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Semiconductor Research","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-Shan","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Che","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Chih","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Jing","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6002-5627","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ying-Rui","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6689-667X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kun-Han","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7423-2723","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sung-Fu","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7681-4391","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chih-Wen","family":"Pao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9990-4779","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chia-Min","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"College of Semiconductor Research","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9032-3548","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexander J.","family":"Cowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy and Department of Chemistry","place":["Liverpool, United Kingdom"]},{"name":"University of Liverpool","place":["Liverpool, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6175-4207","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tung-Han","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"College of Semiconductor Research","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"High Entropy Materials Center","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]},{"name":"National Tsing Hua University","place":["Hsinchu, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1\/cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adem.200300567"},{"key":"ref2\/cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/533306a"},{"key":"ref3\/cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abn3103"},{"key":"ref4\/cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06082-9"},{"key":"ref5\/cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-35766-5"},{"key":"ref6\/cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1254581"},{"key":"ref7\/cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf6986"},{"key":"ref8\/cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav4302"},{"key":"ref9\/cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44160-021-00004-1"},{"key":"ref10\/cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-022-01272-4"},{"key":"ref11\/cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abj9980"},{"key":"ref12\/cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41929-020-00554-1"},{"key":"ref13\/cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adf9931"},{"key":"ref14\/cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44261-4"},{"key":"ref15\/cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26425-2"},{"key":"ref16\/cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan5412"},{"key":"ref17\/cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15934-1"},{"key":"ref18\/cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24228-z"},{"key":"ref19\/cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2TA02597C"},{"key":"ref20\/cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1NA00871D"},{"key":"ref21\/cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30524-z"},{"key":"ref22\/cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11848-9"},{"key":"ref23\/cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19277-9"},{"key":"ref24\/cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c08177"},{"key":"ref25\/cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30379-4"},{"key":"ref26\/cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c04807"},{"key":"ref27\/cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.3c03540"},{"key":"ref28\/cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c03544"},{"key":"ref29\/cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c02755"},{"key":"ref30\/cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c13616"},{"key":"ref31\/cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c00597"},{"key":"ref32\/cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.202515512"},{"key":"ref33\/cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4EE00440J"},{"key":"ref34\/cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/1.3483106"},{"key":"ref35\/cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.8b00689"},{"key":"ref36\/cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1149\/06403.1069ecst"},{"key":"ref37\/cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9RA03254A"},{"key":"ref38\/cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.9b03392"},{"key":"ref39\/cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2020.213374"},{"key":"ref40\/cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.9b04302"},{"key":"ref41\/cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202110128"},{"key":"ref42\/cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/celc.202001289"},{"key":"ref43\/cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.1c07643"},{"key":"ref44\/cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7CP03312E"},{"key":"ref45\/cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5433\/1679-0375.2014v35n1p9"},{"key":"ref46\/cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01974622"},{"key":"ref47\/cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01974621"},{"key":"ref48\/cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tca.2005.05.006"},{"key":"ref49\/cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13801"},{"key":"ref50\/cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrp.2021.100641"},{"key":"ref51\/cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2cp23070d"},{"key":"ref52\/cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202106715"},{"key":"ref53\/cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TA02718B"},{"key":"ref54\/cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c14294"},{"key":"ref55\/cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c18642"},{"key":"ref56\/cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.1c03646"},{"key":"ref57\/cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2018.12.015"},{"key":"ref58\/cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.77.3865"},{"key":"ref59\/cit59","first-page":"3868","volume":"77","author":"Perdew J. P.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref60\/cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.54.11169"},{"key":"ref61\/cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.59.1758"}],"container-title":["ACS Nano"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsnano.6c06368","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsnano.6c06368","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T08:11:20Z","timestamp":1783411880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsnano.6c06368"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"26","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1021\/acsnano.6c06368"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.6c06368","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-0851","1936-086X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-0851","type":"print"},{"value":"1936-086X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]}}}