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Herein, we report a synergistic engineering strategy to simultaneously regulate phase distribution in the emissive layer and carrier transport in the hole-transport layer, enabling record-performance NIR perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) emitting at 986 nm. The incorporation of fluorinated aromatic spacers (p-F-PEA+) and partial formamidinium (FA+) substitution strengthens organic\u2013inorganic interactions, affording well-controlled phase distribution and highly efficient exciton-to-Yb3+ energy transfer. Meanwhile, zwitterionic kanamycin is introduced to neutralize the intrinsic acidity of PEDOT:PSS via distinct chemical interactions, leading to balanced carrier injection and suppressed nonradiative recombination. Benefiting from this dual-layer modulation, the optimized Yb3+-doped (PEA1.8p-F-PEA0.2)(Cs1.6FA0.4)Pb3Br10 PeLEDs exhibit a record peak NIR external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 12.1% at 986 nm and an outstanding operational half-life (T50) of 1823 min. More critically, we break the scalability bottleneck of NIR PeLEDs with 300 mm2 large-area devices delivering a state-of-the-art EQE of over 7.5%. We pioneer a visible\/NIR dual-mode display and imaging platform via patterned PeLEDs, integrating explicit visible identification and covert NIR high-security anticounterfeiting. This work broadens the application prospects of NIR PeLEDs in high-security anticounterfeiting, nondestructive imaging, and smart photonic systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6c08495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:02:09Z","timestamp":1791208929000},"page":"27716-27727","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["12.1% Record-Efficiency\n986 nm Quantum-Cutting Quasi-2D\nPerovskite Light-Emitting Diodes for Large-Area Dual-Mode Applications"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yuqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin University , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0664-0290","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Donglei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin University , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renhuan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin University , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DePeng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin University , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shangwei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin University , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin University , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruixin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin University , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enhui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin University , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin University , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin University , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130012"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3897-5789","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hongwei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin University , , ,","place":["Changchun, People\u2019s Republic of China, 130012"]},{"name":"Shanghai University , , ,","place":["Shanghai, P. R. China, 200444"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"2026102008161469000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-023-01231-y","article-title":"Additive Treatment Yields High-Performance\nLead-Free Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes","volume":"17","author":"Min","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026102008161469000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-019-0559-3","article-title":"Large-Area near-Infrared Perovskite\nLight-Emitting\nDiodes","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"issue":"7954","key":"2026102008161469000_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-05792-4","article-title":"Bright and Stable Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes\nin the near-Infrared Range","volume":"615","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026102008161469000_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-022-01046-3","article-title":"Ultrastable Near-Infrared Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes","volume":"16","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026102008161469000_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-018-0283-4","article-title":"High-Efficiency Perovskite\u2013Polymer Bulk Heterostructure Light-Emitting\nDiodes","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"2026102008161469000_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2503076","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202503076","article-title":"Efficient\nand Super-Stable 990 Nm Light-Emitting Diodes Based on\nQuantum Cutting Emission of Trivalent Ytterbium in Pure-Br Quasi-2D\nPerovskites","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"7726","key":"2026102008161469000_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0575-3","article-title":"Perovskite\nLight-Emitting Diodes with External Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 20%","volume":"562","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"19","key":"2026102008161469000_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6566","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b02817","article-title":"Essentially\nTrap-Free CsPbBr3 Colloidal Nanocrystals by Postsynthetic\nThiocyanate Surface Treatment","volume":"139","author":"Koscher","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem.\nSoc."},{"issue":"15","key":"2026102008161469000_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1904163","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201904163","article-title":"Multiple-Quantum-Well Perovskites\nfor High-Performance Light-Emitting Diodes","volume":"32","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Mater"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026102008161469000_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3775","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b00542","article-title":"Hybrid\nDion\u2013Jacobson 2D Lead Iodide Perovskites","volume":"140","author":"Mao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. 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Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026102008161469000_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14558","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14558","article-title":"Transcending the Slow\nBimolecular Recombination in Lead-Halide Perovskites for Electroluminescence","volume":"8","author":"Xing","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"33","key":"2026102008161469000_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800818","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201800818","article-title":"Designing Efficient\nEnergy Funneling Kinetics in Ruddlesden\u2013Popper Perovskites\nfor High-Performance Light-Emitting Diodes","volume":"30","author":"Yantara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026102008161469000_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2016.110","article-title":"Perovskite Energy Funnels for Efficient Light-Emitting\nDiodes","volume":"11","author":"Yuan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026102008161469000_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b12581","article-title":"Observation\nof Internal Photoinduced Electron and Hole Separation in Hybrid Two-Dimentional\nPerovskite Films","volume":"139","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026102008161469000_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2017.02.004","article-title":"High Members\nof the 2D Ruddlesden-Popper Halide Perovskites: Synthesis, Optical\nProperties, and Solar Cells of (CH3(CH2)3NH3)2(CH3NH3)4Pb5I16","volume":"2","author":"Stoumpos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026102008161469000_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-018-0154-x","article-title":"Compositional\nand Orientational Control in Metal Halide Perovskites of Reduced Dimensionality","volume":"17","author":"Quintero-Bermudez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026102008161469000_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03757-0","article-title":"Origin\nof Vertical Orientation in Two-Dimensional Metal Halide Perovskites\nand Its Effect on Photovoltaic Performance","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026102008161469000_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b10851","article-title":"Two-Dimensional Hybrid Halide Perovskites:\nPrinciples and Promises","volume":"141","author":"Mao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026102008161469000_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4919","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b01999","article-title":"Quasi-Two-Dimensional\nHalide Perovskite Single Crystal Photodetector","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026102008161469000_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4558","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5b00715","article-title":"Organic\u2013Inorganic Perovskites: Structural Versatility\nfor Functional Materials Design","volume":"116","author":"Saparov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026102008161469000_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2105164","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202105164","article-title":"Transformation\nof Quasi-2D Perovskite into 3D Perovskite Using Formamidine Acetate\nAdditive for Efficient Blue Light-Emitting Diodes","volume":"32","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026102008161469000_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2025.111523","article-title":"Cation Dependent Linear Dichroism in PL Spectra of Self-Assembled\nPerovskite Nanoparticle Film and Nanoparticle-Liquid Crystal Mixtures","volume":"146","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026102008161469000_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.37188\/CJL.20240139","article-title":"Optimization\nof Optical Properties of Inorganic Perovskite CsPbBr3 by\nFA+ Doping and Application in Light-emitting\nDiodes","volume":"45","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. J. Lumin."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026102008161469000_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-022-01027-9","article-title":"Efficient Single-Component White Light Emitting Diodes\nEnabled by Lanthanide Ions Doped Lead Halide Perovskites via Controlling\nFo\u0308rster Energy Transfer and Specific Defect Clearance","volume":"11","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Light: Sci. Appl."},{"issue":"26","key":"2026102008161469000_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9693","DOI":"10.1039\/d4tc01553c","article-title":"Efficient\nsky-blue perovskite light-emitting diodes by regulating the quantum\nwell distribution of quasi-2D perovskites by suppressing lattice distortion","volume":"12","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"issue":"40","key":"2026102008161469000_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17091","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.4c03540","article-title":"Effect\nof MA Orientation and Thickness on the Bandgap in Quasi-2D Perovskites\n(PEA)2(MA)n\u20131PbnI3n+1","volume":"128","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026102008161469000_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-02978-7","article-title":"Efficient Green Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Quasi-Two-Dimensional\nComposition and Phase Engineered Perovskite with Surface Passivation","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"7749","key":"2026102008161469000_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1036-3","article-title":"Efficient,\nStable and\nScalable Perovskite Solar Cells Using Poly(3-Hexylthiophene)","volume":"567","author":"Jung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026102008161469000_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500017","DOI":"10.1002\/aelm.201500017","article-title":"Effective Approaches to Improve the\nElectrical Conductivity of PEDOT: PSS: A Review","volume":"1","author":"Shi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Elect Mater."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026102008161469000_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900813","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201900813","article-title":"PEDOT: PSS for Flexible\nand Stretchable Electronics: Modifications, Strategies, and Applications","volume":"6","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026102008161469000_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1600512","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.201600512","article-title":"Conducting Polymers\nas Anode Buffer Materials in Organic and Perovskite Optoelectronics","volume":"5","author":"Ahn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Mater."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026102008161469000_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1039\/C9MH01978B","article-title":"The Damaging Effects of the Acidity in PEDOT: PSS on\nSemiconductor Device Performance and Solutions Based on Non-Acidic\nAlternatives","volume":"7","author":"Cameron","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Horiz."},{"key":"2026102008161469000_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.149668","article-title":"Efficient\nPerovskite Light-Emitting Diodes Achieved\nby Suppressing the Acidic Surface of PEDOT: PSS Films","volume":"485","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"2026102008161469000_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2401007","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202401007","article-title":"Perovskite\nSolar Cells with Extremely High 24.63% Efficiency through\nDesign of Double Electron Transport Layers and Double Luminescent\nConverter Layers","volume":"34","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026102008161469000_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2203352","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202203352","article-title":"Vitamin Natural\nMolecule Enabled\nHighly Efficient and Stable Planar n\u2013p Homojunction Perovskite\nSolar Cells with Efficiency Exceeding 24.2%","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026102008161469000_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-023-00955-7","article-title":"Blue Light-Emitting Diodes Based\non Quasi-Two-Dimensional Perovskite with Efficient Charge Injection\nand Optimized Phase Distribution via an Alkali Metal Salt","volume":"6","author":"Chu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Electron."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026102008161469000_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ta14590e","article-title":"High-Efficiency\nHybrid Solar Cells by Nanostructural Modification in PEDOT: PSS with\nCo-Solvent Addition","volume":"2","author":"Thomas","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"key":"2026102008161469000_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2018.09.023","article-title":"Multifunctional RbCl\nDopants for Efficient Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cell with Ultra-High\nFill Factor, Negligible Hysteresis and Improved Stability","volume":"53","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026102008161469000_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"092127","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2777147","article-title":"Increasing the Work Function of Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)\nDoped with Poly(4-Styrenesulfonate) by Ultraviolet Irradiation","volume":"91","author":"Lin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"issue":"25","key":"2026102008161469000_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2004.10.001","article-title":"On the Mechanism\nof Conductivity Enhancement in Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene): Poly(Styrene\nSulfonate) Film through Solvent Treatment","volume":"45","author":"Ouyang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"issue":"26","key":"2026102008161469000_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263501","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2420792","article-title":"Current-Voltage Behavior\nin Hole-Only Single-Carrier Devices with Self-Assembling Dipole Molecules\non Indium Tin Oxide Anodes","volume":"89","author":"Ganzorig","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. 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