{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:45:10Z","timestamp":1792784710406,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"38","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031308","name":"Watanabe Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031308","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GZC20251911"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GZC20251911"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003382","name":"Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJCR21P2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJCR21P2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003382","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP223fa627001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP223fa627001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["92580209"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92580209"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["U25A6021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U25A6021"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Continuous and non-invasive monitoring of swallowing and voice production is important for healthcare and human\u2013machine interaction, yet remains challenging because the laryngeal region undergoes large deformation and continuous motion. Existing wearable sensors often rely on bulk elastomers or multilayer films that can impose mechanical burden on natural throat motion. Here, we present an all-polyurethane (PU) nanomesh triboelectric sensor that forms a compliant interface above the laryngeal prominence for multimodal monitoring of swallowing and voice. The porous nanomesh interface directly contacts the skin without intermediate gel or bulk layers, preserving breathability and conformal contact. Compared with a representative continuous polydimethylsiloxane film, the nanomesh devices exhibited an approximately 14-fold higher water-vapor transmission rate and required 13% of the mechanical work during laryngeal-prominence-mimicking compression. Heat-press-assisted stabilization maintained the high stretchability of the PU nanomesh while reducing the initial electrode resistance by 85% and suppressing the resistance increase at 30% strain by 80% relative to as-spun nanomeshes. The device detects swallowing-associated laryngeal motion at frequencies of several hertz and voice-related vibrations in the 100\u2013300 Hz range, with an acoustic resonance near 150 Hz. Integrated with a compact wireless module, the platform captured W-shaped swallowing signals corresponding to laryngeal elevation and depression and retained measurable phonation signals under changing neck postures, with signal-to-noise ratios of 9.0\u201321.4 dB. These results establish a breathable and mechanically compliant nanomesh-based throat interface for multimodal laryngeal sensing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6c10428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T04:50:38Z","timestamp":1788324638000},"page":"26168-26178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An\nAll-Polyurethane Nanomesh Triboelectric Sensor\nfor Swallowing and Voice Detection"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7872-7579","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Takuo","family":"Tachibana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo , , Bunkyo-ku , ,","place":["Tokyo, Japan, 113-8656"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2977-7361","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yusuke","family":"Ebihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo , , Bunkyo-ku , ,","place":["Tokyo, Japan, 113-8656"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100084"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Ezumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo , , Bunkyo-ku , ,","place":["Tokyo, Japan, 113-8656"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100084"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kento","family":"Yamagishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo , , Bunkyo-ku , ,","place":["Tokyo, Japan, 113-8656"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1546-8864","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Yokota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo , , Bunkyo-ku , ,","place":["Tokyo, Japan, 113-8656"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7330-0544","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tian-Ling","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100084"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3051-1138","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Takao","family":"Someya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo , , Bunkyo-ku , ,","place":["Tokyo, Japan, 113-8656"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00005.2021","article-title":"Deglutition and the Regulation of the Swallow Motor\nPattern","volume":"38","author":"Pitts","year":"2023","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2614","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4964509","article-title":"Mechanics\nof human voice production and control","volume":"140","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Acoust.\nSoc. Am."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.49","article-title":"Dysphagia: current\nreality and scope of the problem","volume":"12","author":"Clave\u0301","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev.\nGastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2408653","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202408653","article-title":"Emerging Wearable Acoustic Sensing Technologies","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17522","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-44802-3","article-title":"Application\nof deep learning technology for temporal analysis of videofluoroscopic\nswallowing studies","volume":"13","author":"Jeong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-016-9775-x","article-title":"History\nof Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing and Management of\nPharyngeal Dysphagia: Changes over the Years","volume":"32","author":"Langmore","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2468","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10465-w","article-title":"An ultrathin\nconformable vibration-responsive electronic skin for quantitative\nvocal recognition","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205537","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202205537","article-title":"An Electret-Powered Skin-Attachable\nAuditory Sensor that Functions\nin Harsh Acoustic Environments","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14579","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14579","article-title":"An intelligent artificial\nthroat with sound-sensing ability based on laser induced graphene","volume":"8","author":"Tao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-023-01383-6","article-title":"Hierarchically\nresistive\nskins as specific and multimetric on-throat wearable biosensors","volume":"18","author":"Gong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1007\/s12576-018-0601-0","article-title":"A new flexible piezoelectric pressure sensor array\nfor the noninvasive detection of laryngeal movement during swallowing","volume":"68","author":"Iizuka","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Sci."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.0c02339","article-title":"Conformable\nAlN Piezoelectric Sensors as a Non-invasive Approach for Swallowing\nDisorder Assessment","volume":"6","author":"Natta","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Sens."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-019-0480-6","article-title":"Mechano-acoustic sensing of physiological\nprocesses and body motions via a soft wireless device placed at the\nsuprasternal notch","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-022-00691-w","article-title":"Soft skin-interfaced mechano-acoustic sensors for real-time monitoring\nand patient feedback on respiratory and swallowing biomechanics","volume":"5","author":"Kang","year":"2022","journal-title":"npj Digit. Med."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7769","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43664-7","article-title":"A fully integrated, standalone stretchable\ndevice platform with in-sensor adaptive machine learning for rehabilitation","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aay3210","article-title":"Flexible submental\nsensor patch with\nremote monitoring controls for management of oropharyngeal swallowing\ndisorders","volume":"5","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5670","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200604646","article-title":"Electrospinning: A Fascinating Method for the Preparation\nof Ultrathin Fibers","volume":"46","author":"Greiner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/s41427-020-00267-8","article-title":"Electrospun nanofiber-based\nsoft\nelectronics","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPG Asia Mater."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2000186","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202000186","article-title":"Polymer Materials\nfor High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2012.01.004","article-title":"Flexible\ntriboelectric generator","volume":"1","author":"Fan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2103559","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202103559","article-title":"All-Nanofiber\nSelf-Powered Skin-Interfaced Real-Time Respiratory Monitoring System\nfor Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome Diagnosing","volume":"31","author":"Peng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2415421","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202415421","article-title":"Moisture-Proof, Anti-Fouling,\nand Low Signal Attenuation All-Nanofiber Triboelectric Sensor for\nSelf-Powered Respiratory Health Monitoring","volume":"35","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2326","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaem.8b00439","article-title":"All-Nanofiber-Based\nUltralight Stretchable Triboelectric\nNanogenerator for Self-Powered Wearable Electronics","volume":"1","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Energy Mater."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2104365","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202104365","article-title":"Autonomously Adhesive, Stretchable,\nand Transparent Solid-State Polyionic Triboelectric Patch for Wearable\nPower Source and Tactile Sensor","volume":"31","author":"Bai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct.\nMater."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7220","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-62312-w","article-title":"Self-contracting,\nbattery-free triboelectric wound\nhealing strip with strong wet adhesion","volume":"16","author":"Meng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat.\nCommun."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2503969","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202503969","article-title":"A Highly\nFlexible Self-Powered Triboelectric Sensor Array for Silent Speech\nRecognition and Swallowing Motion Analysis","volume":"21","author":"Parashar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4276","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59523-6","article-title":"Deep learning-enhanced\nanti-noise triboelectric acoustic sensor for human-machine collaboration\nin noisy environments","volume":"16","author":"Yao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1700015","article-title":"Ultrastretchable,\ntransparent triboelectric nanogenerator as electronic skin for biomechanical\nenergy harvesting and tactile sensing","volume":"3","author":"Pu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci.\nAdv."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10733","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b05203","article-title":"Fully Stretchable\nTextile Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Knitted Fabric Structures","volume":"11","author":"Kwak","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-023-00220-3","article-title":"Triboelectric\nnanogenerators","volume":"3","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Methods Primers"},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1021\/acsanm.9b02514","article-title":"Interconnected Heat-Press-Treated\nGold Nanomesh Conductors for Wearable Sensors","volume":"3","author":"Okutani","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Nano Mater."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-018-0331-8","article-title":"Ultrasoft electronics to monitor\ndynamically pulsing cardiomyocytes","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7063","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1920911117","article-title":"All-nanofiber\u2013based,\nultrasensitive, gas-permeable mechanoacoustic sensors for continuous\nlong-term heart monitoring","volume":"117","author":"Nayeem","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad.\nSci. U. S. A."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2013.07.012","article-title":"Effect of humidity\nand pressure on the triboelectric nanogenerator","volume":"2","author":"Nguyen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2017.125","article-title":"Inflammation-free,\ngas-permeable, lightweight, stretchable on-skin electronics with nanomeshes","volume":"12","author":"Miyamoto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.05.015","article-title":"DiameterJ: A validated\nopen source nanofiber diameter measurement tool","volume":"61","author":"Hotaling","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2026092909134254700_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1007\/s00542-016-2947-7","article-title":"Nonlinear\nDynamics of MEMS\/NEMS Resonators:\nAnalytical Solution by the Homotopy Analysis Method","volume":"23","author":"Tajaddodianfar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microsyst. Technol."}],"container-title":["ACS Nano"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsnano.6c10428","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article-pdf\/20\/38\/26168\/67618892\/acsnano.6c10428.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article-pdf\/20\/38\/26168\/67618892\/acsnano.6c10428.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:33:22Z","timestamp":1790688802000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article\/20\/38\/26168\/5350587\/An-All-Polyurethane-Nanomesh-Triboelectric-Sensor"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"38","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.6c10428","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-0851","1936-086X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-0851","type":"print"},{"value":"1936-086X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]}}}