{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:47:24Z","timestamp":1792784844135,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"39","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JK2024-78"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JK2024-78"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JKF-20240560"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JKF-20240560"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KG21-0152-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KG21-0152-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CNPC Innovation Found","award":["2022DQ02-0611"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022DQ02-0611"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["22575010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22575010"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","award":["52472293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52472293"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Bubble nucleation is a fundamental process governing scientific and industrial performances across pool boiling heat transfer, electrocatalytic gas evolution, and mineral flotation. Existing interfacial modulation approaches predominantly rely on constructing micro\/nanostructures to lower heterogeneous nucleation energy barriers, yet overlook the pivotal contribution of surface-trapped gas cavities, which restricts the achievement of stable, precisely tailored bubble generation and hinders the development of programmable nucleation control. Herein, we fabricated a series of functional superhydrophilic surfaces with rationally designed microstructures via laser etching, which enable effective regulation of bubble nucleation behavior. Quantitative experiments establish a positive dependence of nucleation rate on surface roughness. Mechanistic characterizations and numerical simulations unambiguously demonstrate that trapped gas cavities confined within rough textures act as dominant preferential nucleation sites. At a CO2 supersaturation ratio of 0.90 \u00b1 0.19, rough superhydrophilic surfaces retaining gas cavities exhibit a bubble nucleation rate of approximately 360 cm\u20132 s\u20131. Furthermore, bubble nucleation and release remain achievable even at a CO2 supersaturation ratio of 0.29 \u00b1 0.11. Benefiting from the gas-cavity-dominated mechanism, scalable laser-patterned superhydrophilic surfaces are engineered to accomplish spatially localized, on-demand nucleation and directional bubble detachment, affording an effective strategy for precise manipulation of overall bubble dynamics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6c12552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T09:54:16Z","timestamp":1790330056000},"page":"26785-26793","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Regulating Bubble\nNucleation via Gas Cavities on Superhydrophilic\nSurfaces"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Jinke","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beihang University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100191"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziwei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beihang University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100191"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5267-7732","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chunhui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China , , ,","place":["Suzhou, China, 215123"]},{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China , , ,","place":["Hefei, China, 230026"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6824-9035","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cunming","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beihang University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100191"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzhen","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beihang University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100191"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5415-4932","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Liping","family":"Heng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beihang University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100191"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8145-7015","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yanchen","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beihang University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100191"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4467-4109","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kesong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beihang University , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100191"]},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology , , ,","place":["Beijing, China, 100029"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China , , ,","place":["Suzhou, China, 215123"]},{"name":"University of Science and Technology of China , , ,","place":["Hefei, China, 230026"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10792","DOI":"10.1039\/D6CP00998K","article-title":"Free-Energy\nAnalysis of Bubble Nucleation on Electrocatalytic Surfaces","volume":"28","author":"Xie","year":"2026","journal-title":"Phys. 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Fluid Mech."},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202411835","article-title":"Micro Bubble Blanket\nCoated Nano-Ridge Surfaces for Robust and Efficient Thermal Management","volume":"21","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3096","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.8b00648","article-title":"Ultrahigh Flux Thin\nFilm Boiling Heat Transfer Through Nanoporous\nMembranes","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2024.103312","article-title":"Recent Advances\nof Molecular Dynamics Simulation on\nBubble Nucleation and Boiling Heat Transfer: A State-of-the-Art Review","volume":"334","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. 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J."},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwpe.2019.100972","article-title":"A Numerical\nStudy and\nFlotation Experiments of Bicyclone Column Flotation for Treating of\nProduced Water from ASP Flooding","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Water Process\nEng."},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mineng.2025.109853","article-title":"Surface Microbubble\nNucleation in Bulk Nano\/Microbubble Water and Its Impacts on Flotation","volume":"235","author":"Xu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Miner. Eng."},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2908","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.3c04411","article-title":"Revealing the Heterogeneous Bubble Nucleation at Individual Silica\nNanoparticles","volume":"96","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal. 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Sci."},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108834","article-title":"Mechanism of the Effect of Nanostructured\nSurfaces of Various Sizes\nand Shapes on the Bubble Nucleation Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations","volume":"164","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. Commun. Heat Mass"},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.11.079","article-title":"Molecular Dynamics\nSimulation of Bubble Nucleation on Nanostructure Surface","volume":"118","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Heat Mass Trans."},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1080\/08927022.2023.2181018","article-title":"Investigation of Bubble Nucleation\non Inhomogeneous Wettability Surfaces","volume":"49","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol.\nSimul."},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202505728","article-title":"Electrolytic\nBubble Coalescence on Hydrophobic Cavity Arrays Determines Departure\nRadius and Lowers Electrolyte Supersaturation","volume":"21","author":"Raman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126830","article-title":"Bubble\nNucleation Site Density, Generation Frequency and Departure Diameter\nin Flow Boiling of HFE-7100","volume":"242","author":"Al-Zaidi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Heat Mass\nTrans."},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-55750-5","article-title":"Separating Nanobubble\nNucleation for Transfer-Resistance-Free Electrocatalysis","volume":"16","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2025.135353","article-title":"Three-Dimensional\nBiphilic Structures\nElevating Pool Boiling Heat Transfer","volume":"320","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Energy"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100609082959900_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-8686(98)00074-8","article-title":"Bubble\nNucleation from Gas Cavities\n\u2500 a Review","volume":"80","author":"Jones","year":"1999","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"2026100609082959900_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47672-z","article-title":"Levitation and Dynamics of Bodies\nin Supersaturated Fluids","volume":"15","author":"Spagnolie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."}],"container-title":["ACS Nano"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsnano.6c12552","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article-pdf\/20\/39\/26785\/68649311\/acsnano.6c12552.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article-pdf\/20\/39\/26785\/68649311\/acsnano.6c12552.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:23:27Z","timestamp":1791293007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/ancac3\/article\/20\/39\/26785\/5438302\/Regulating-Bubble-Nucleation-via-Gas-Cavities-on"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"39","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.6c12552","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-0851","1936-086X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-0851","type":"print"},{"value":"1936-086X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]}}}