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One of these methods includes the use of nanoparticles as carriers for antibiotic delivery, where they randomly circulate in fluid until they make contact with the infected areas. However, the required proximity of the particles to the biofilm results in only moderate efficacy. We demonstrate here that the nonpathogenic magnetotactic bacteria Magnetosopirrillum gryphiswalense (MSR-1) can be integrated with drug-loaded mesoporous silica microtubes to build controllable microswimmers (biohybrids) capable of antibiotic delivery to target an infectious biofilm. Applying external magnetic guidance capability and swimming power of the MSR-1 cells, the biohybrids are directed to and forcefully pushed into matured Escherichia coli (E. coli) biofilms. Release of the antibiotic, ciprofloxacin, is triggered by the acidic microenvironment of the biofilm, ensuring an efficient drug delivery system. The results reveal the capabilities of a nonpathogenic bacteria species to target and dismantle harmful biofilms, indicating biohybrid systems have great potential for antibiofilm applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b04128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,21]],"date-time":"2017-09-21T15:22:30Z","timestamp":1506007350000},"page":"9968-9978","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":213,"title":["Magnetotactic\nBacteria Powered Biohybrids Target\n                    <i>E. coli<\/i>\n                    Biofilms"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9688-7536","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Morgan M.","family":"Stanton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , , Heisenbergstra\u00dfe 3 , ,","place":["Stuttgart, Germany, 70569"]},{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , , Heisenbergstra\u00dfe 3 , ,","place":["Stuttgart, Germany, 70569"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byung-Wook","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , , Heisenbergstra\u00dfe 3 , ,","place":["Stuttgart, Germany, 70569"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5005-7070","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Diana","family":"Vilela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , , Heisenbergstra\u00dfe 3 , ,","place":["Stuttgart, Germany, 70569"]},{"name":"Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) , , Baldiri i Reixac 10\u221212 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08028"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaas","family":"Bente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , , Science Park Golm, Am Mu\u0308hlenberg 1 , ,","place":["Potsdam, Germany, 14476"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6191-3389","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Damien","family":"Faivre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , , Science Park Golm, Am Mu\u0308hlenberg 1 , ,","place":["Potsdam, Germany, 14476"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8249-3854","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Metin","family":"Sitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , , Heisenbergstra\u00dfe 3 , ,","place":["Stuttgart, Germany, 70569"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5845-8941","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samuel","family":"Sa\u0301nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , , Heisenbergstra\u00dfe 3 , ,","place":["Stuttgart, Germany, 70569"]},{"name":"Institucio\u0301 Catalana de Recerca i EstudisAvancats (ICREA) , Pg. Llui\u0301s Companys 23 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08010"]},{"name":"Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) , , Baldiri i Reixac 10\u221212 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08028"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090110233527200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2415","article-title":"The Biofilm Matrix","volume":"8","author":"Flemming","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev.\nMicrobiol."},{"key":"2026090110233527200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2010.542809","article-title":"Economic Impact\nof Biofouling on a Naval Surface Ship","volume":"27","author":"Schultz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"2026090110233527200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-0940-9_22","volume-title":"Bacterial Adhesion","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026090110233527200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00016-10","article-title":"Origins and Evolution\nof Antibiotic Resistance","volume":"74","author":"Davies","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. 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In  A Robotic Micro-Assembly\nProcess Inspired by the Construction of the Ancient Pyramids and Relying\non Several Thousand Flagellated Bacteria Acting as Micro-Workers; 2009 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and\nSystems, 10\u201315 Oct 2009; 2009; pp 426\u2013427.","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2009.5353964"},{"key":"2026090110233527200_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364913500543","article-title":"Three-Dimensional Remote Aggregation and Steering of\nMagnetotactic Bacteria Microrobots for Drug Delivery Applications","volume":"33","author":"Lanauze","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Robot. 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Agents Chemother."},{"key":"2026090110233527200_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7426","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01220-09","article-title":"Functional\nTomographic Fluorescence\nImaging of pH Microenvironments in Microbial Biofilms by Use of Silica\nNanoparticle Sensors","volume":"75","author":"Hidalgo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. 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