{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T14:00:18Z","timestamp":1792072818298,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015276","name":"Sabanci ?niversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015276","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008967","name":"Bilim Akademisi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008967","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004410","name":"T?rkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["119C091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["119C091"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004410","name":"T?rkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20AG028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20AG028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004412","name":"T?rkiye Bilimler Akademisi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Elginkan Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Flexible and gel-free dry electrophysiological electrodes offer excellent alternatives to the benchmark with better skin conformality and dispensing with the hydrogel electrolyte layer, where the integrity of recorded signals highly depends on the resilience of this layer. However, the implicit complex fabrication methods and resource-intensive nature of existing dry electrodes, designed for single use, necessitate additional technological innovations. This paper presents an original integration of inkjet-printing, graphene, and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates to create flexible, inexpensive, and reusable dry electrodes for monitoring human physiological biopotential signals, including ECG, EEG, EOG, and EMG. The electrodes exhibited high electrical conductivity (80 \u03a9\/\u25a1) and maintained their performance even after 100 cyclic bends. Additionally, they demonstrated robust signal collection even 90 days postfabrication, with reusability and strong graphene-substrate bonding verified through Scotch tape experiments. Assessing against gel-based commercial electrodes, a 99.34% correlation ratio was obtained from the recorded ECG signals. Similarly, a correlation ratio of 95.14 \u00b1 4.75% was achieved with 10 diverse participants. The capability of these electrodes to effectively record neural signals in practical applications was demonstrated in real-time detection of sleep and drowsiness in car drivers. These findings highlight the potential of inkjet-printed graphene electrodes in advancing wearable health monitoring technologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnanoscienceau.5c00195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T10:51:26Z","timestamp":1776855086000},"page":"582-595","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Inkjet-Printed Aqueous Graphene Suspensions on Flexible\nSubstrates for Multimodal Wearable Continuous Health Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Seyed Sajjad","family":"Mirbakht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sabanci University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]},{"name":"Sabanci University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6382-159X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Faruk","family":"Ballipinar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sabanci University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]},{"name":"Sabanci University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]},{"name":"Sabanci University SUNUM Nanotechnology Research Center , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4050-1240","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Burcu","family":"Arman Kuzubasoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sabanci University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]},{"name":"Sabanci University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]},{"name":"Sabanci University SUNUM Nanotechnology Research Center , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0813-3572","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Melih Can","family":"Tasdelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sabanci University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]},{"name":"Sabanci University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1649-0422","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Saygun","family":"Guler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sabanci University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]},{"name":"Sabanci University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4328-5985","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Murat Kaya","family":"Yapici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sabanci University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]},{"name":"Sabanci University , , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]},{"name":"Sabanci University SUNUM Nanotechnology Research Center , ,","place":["Istanbul, Tu\u0308rkiye, 34956"]},{"name":"University of Washington , , , ,","place":["Seattle, Washington, United States, 98195"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"35","key":"2026081909071440700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202205708","article-title":"Mechanically\nStable All Flexible Supercapacitors with Fracture and Fatigue Resistance\nunder Harsh Temperatures","volume":"32","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"32","key":"2026081909071440700_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36741","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c10551","article-title":"Cellulose Nanofiber-Reinforced MXene\nMembranes as Stable Friction\nLayers and Effective Electrodes for High-Performance Triboelectric\nNanogenerators","volume":"14","author":"Xing","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081909071440700_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41528-024-00303-5","article-title":"Highly\nReliable and Stretchable OLEDs\nBased on Facile Patterning Method: Toward Stretchable Organic Optoelectronic\nDevices","volume":"8","author":"Nam","year":"2024","journal-title":"npj Flexible Electron."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081909071440700_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios14010012","article-title":"Soft Epidermal Paperfluidics\nfor Sweat Analysis by Ratiometric Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"14","author":"Golparvar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202405988","article-title":"Highly Self-Adhesive and Biodegradable\nSilk Bioelectronics for All-In-One Imperceptible Long-Term Electrophysiological\nBiosignals Monitoring","volume":"12","author":"Mirbakht","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081909071440700_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2721","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.2c01250","article-title":"Antibody-Coated\nWearable Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Cortisol Detection\nin Human Sweat","volume":"7","author":"Demuru","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Sens."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026081909071440700_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abo5867","article-title":"Fully Portable Continuous Real-Time\nAuscultation with\na Soft Wearable Stethoscope Designed for Automated Disease Diagnosis","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081909071440700_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202300403","article-title":"A Roll-to-Roll\nGravure-Printing System for Manufacturing Near-Field Energy-Harvesting\nLabels","volume":"5","author":"Shrestha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202524222","article-title":"Anti-Crosstalk\nMaterials and Structural Decoupling Strategies for Multimodal Flexible\nSensors","volume":"36","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2025.113327","article-title":"A Multi-Metric Evaluation Framework Guides the High-Throughput Design\nof Versatile Flexible Pressure Sensors","volume":"312","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Composites,\nPart B"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081909071440700_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41528-021-00107-x","article-title":"Advances in\nHealthcare Wearable Devices","volume":"5","author":"Iqbal","year":"2021","journal-title":"npj Flexible Electron."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081909071440700_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5461","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.8b00573","article-title":"Bio-Integrated Wearable\nSystems: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"119","author":"Ray","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2021.109774","article-title":"Surface Bioelectric Dry Electrodes:\nA Review","volume":"183","author":"Niu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081909071440700_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10091689","article-title":"Surface and Interface\nDesigns in Copper-Based Conductive\nInks for Printed\/Flexible Electronics","volume":"10","author":"Tomotoshi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081909071440700_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2008.329","article-title":"High-Throughput\nSolution Processing of Large-Scale Graphene","volume":"4","author":"Tung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081909071440700_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29182-y","article-title":"Large-Scale Synthesis of Graphene\nand Other 2D Materials towards Industrialization","volume":"13","author":"Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081909071440700_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15461","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c07571","article-title":"The Future of Flash\nGraphene for\nthe Sustainable Management of Solid Waste","volume":"15","author":"Barbhuiya","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS\nNano"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026081909071440700_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4184","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201504245","article-title":"Graphene-Based Flexible and Stretchable Electronics","volume":"28","author":"Jang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.08.011","article-title":"Multifunctional\nGraphene Oxide Nanoparticles\nfor Drug Delivery in Cancer","volume":"350","author":"Itoo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Controlled Release"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081909071440700_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1002\/cphc.202000769","article-title":"Graphene-Based\nAntimicrobial Biomedical Surfaces","volume":"22","author":"Pandit","year":"2021","journal-title":"ChemPhysChem"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081909071440700_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-64238-7","article-title":"Reduced Graphene\nOxide\/Zinc Oxide Composite as an Electrochemical Sensor for Acetylcholine\nDetection","volume":"14","author":"Pitiphattharabun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"42","key":"2026081909071440700_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48077","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c10924","article-title":"Screen-Printed High-Performance\nFlexible Electrothermal Films Based\non Three-Dimensional Intercalation Graphene Nanosheets\/MWCNT\/Carbon\nBlack Composite","volume":"12","author":"Liao","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2020.112434","article-title":"A High-Sensitivity\nGraphene Ammonia Sensor via Aerosol Jet Printing","volume":"318","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, A"},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2023.108698","article-title":"Roll-to-Roll Gravure\nPrinted Large-Area Flexible Carbon Nanotube Synaptic Photogating Transistor\nArrays for Image Recognitions","volume":"115","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081909071440700_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LSENS.2022.3198279","article-title":"Ear Electrocardiography\nWith Soft Graphene Textiles for Hearable Applications","volume":"6","author":"Guler","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081909071440700_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17040875","article-title":"Intelligent Medical\nGarments with Graphene-Functionalized\nSmart-Cloth ECG Sensors","volume":"17","author":"Yapici","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ozturk, O.; Golparvar, A.; Yapici, M. K. In  Smart Armband with\nGraphene Textile Electrodes for EMG-Based Muscle Fatigue Monitoring, 2021 IEEE Sensors; IEEE, 2021; pp 1\u2013410.1109\/SENSORS47087.2021.9639564.","DOI":"10.1109\/SENSORS47087.2021.9639564"},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ozturk, O.; Yapici, M. K. In  Muscular Activity\nMonitoring and Surface Electromyography (SEMG) with Graphene Textiles, 2019 IEEE SENSORS; IEEE, 2019; pp 1\u2013410.1109\/SENSORS43011.2019.8956801.","DOI":"10.1109\/SENSORS43011.2019.8956801"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081909071440700_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ab914c","article-title":"Flex-Printed Forehead\nEEG Sensors (FEEGrid) for Long-Term\nEEG Acquisition","volume":"17","author":"Blum","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neural Eng."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Golparvar, A.; Ozturk, O.; Yapici, M. K. In  Gel-Free Wearable\nElectroencephalography (EEG) with Soft Graphene Textiles,\n2021 IEEE Sensors; IEEE, 2021; pp 1\u2013410.1109\/SENSORS47087.2021.9639711.","DOI":"10.1109\/SENSORS47087.2021.9639711"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081909071440700_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12030571","article-title":"A Wireless\nElectrooculogram (EOG) Wearable Using Conductive Fiber Electrode","volume":"12","author":"Moon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Golparvar, A. J.; Yapici, M. K. In  Wearable\nGraphene\nTextile-Enabled EOG Sensing, 2017 IEEE SENSORS; IEEE, 2017; pp 1\u2013310.1109\/ICSENS.2017.8234242.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSENS.2017.8234242"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081909071440700_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-00503-2","article-title":"Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced\nElectrocardiography in Cardiovascular Disease Management","volume":"18","author":"Siontis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081909071440700_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbe.2022.04.001","article-title":"EMG-Controlled Hand Exoskeleton for Assisted Bilateral\nRehabilitation","volume":"42","author":"De la Cruz-Sa\u0301nchez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biocybern. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081909071440700_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-021-10062-8","article-title":"Neurological Abnormality Detection\nfrom Electroencephalography Data: A Review","volume":"55","author":"Alvi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Artif. Intell. Rev."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3762\/bjnano.12.14","article-title":"Toward Graphene\nTextiles in Wearable Eye Tracking Systems\nfor Human\u2013Machine Interaction","volume":"12","author":"Golparvar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Beilstein\nJ. Nanotechnol."},{"issue":"40","key":"2026081909071440700_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27107","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c09477","article-title":"Nanoscale Strategies for Enhancing the Performance of Adhesive Dry\nElectrodes for the Skin","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2018.08.155","article-title":"Towards Conductive-Gel-Free Electrodes:\nUnderstanding the Wet Electrode, Semi-Dry Electrode and Dry Electrode-Skin\nInterface Impedance Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Fitting","volume":"277","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081909071440700_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics8050479","article-title":"Wearable and Flexible\nTextile Electrodes for Biopotential\nSignal Monitoring: A Review","volume":"8","author":"Acar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"29","key":"2026081909071440700_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202300859","article-title":"A Hybrid Strategy-Based\nUltra-Narrow Stretchable Microelectrodes with Cell-Level Resolution","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mirbakht, S.; Golparvar, A.; Umar, M.; Yapici, M. K. In  Flexible Silk-Based Graphene Bioelectronics\nfor Wearable Multimodal Physiological Monitoring, 2023 IEEE\n36th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems\n(MEMS); IEEE, 2023;\npp 335\u201333810.1109\/MEMS49605.2023.10052459.","DOI":"10.1109\/MEMS49605.2023.10052459"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081909071440700_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.202100262","article-title":"Facile Fabrication of Robust and\nReusable PDMS Supported Graphene Dry Electrodes for Wearable Electrocardiogram\nMonitoring","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater. Technol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081909071440700_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-019-0347-x","article-title":"Large-Area MRI-Compatible\nEpidermal\nElectronic Interfaces for Prosthetic Control and Cognitive Monitoring","volume":"3","author":"Tian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081909071440700_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aay1729","article-title":"Soft, Wireless\nPeriocular Wearable\nElectronics for Real-Time Detection of Eye Vergence in a Virtual Reality\ntoward Mobile Eye Therapies","volume":"6","author":"Mishra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081909071440700_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aelm.201800463","article-title":"A Stretchable-Hybrid Low-Power Monolithic\nECG Patch\nwith Microfluidic Liquid-Metal Interconnects and Stretchable Carbon-Black\nNanocomposite Electrodes for Wearable Heart Monitoring","volume":"5","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Electron. Mater."},{"issue":"43","key":"2026081909071440700_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202205956","article-title":"Multi-Electrode Printed Bioelectronic\nPatches for Long-Term Electrophysiological Monitoring","volume":"32","author":"Carneiro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026081909071440700_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201900939","article-title":"All-in-One,\nWireless, Stretchable Hybrid Electronics for Smart, Connected, and\nAmbulatory Physiological Monitoring","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081909071440700_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3755","article-title":"Ultrathin Conformal\nDevices for Precise and Continuous Thermal Characterization of Human\nSkin","volume":"12","author":"Webb","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2015.07.111","article-title":"Graphene-Clad Textile\nElectrodes for Electrocardiogram Monitoring","volume":"221","author":"Yapici","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"issue":"44","key":"2026081909071440700_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11640","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TC03669H","article-title":"All Inkjet-Printed Graphene-Based\nConductive Patterns for Wearable e-Textile Applications","volume":"5","author":"Karim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. C"},{"issue":"42","key":"2026081909071440700_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202200162","article-title":"Hydrophilic,\nBreathable, and Washable Graphene Decorated\nTextile Assisted by Silk Sericin for Integrated Multimodal Smart Wearables","volume":"32","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081909071440700_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17288-0","article-title":"All-Printed Nanomembrane\nWireless Bioelectronics Using a Biocompatible Solderable Graphene\nfor Multimodal Human-Machine Interfaces","volume":"11","author":"Kwon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat.\nCommun."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081909071440700_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2395","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-00489-8","article-title":"Fabrication,\nCharacterization and Applications of Graphene\nElectronic Tattoos","volume":"16","author":"Kireev","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2020.04.031","article-title":"Flexible and Robust Dry Electrodes\nBased on Electroconductive Polymer Spray-Coated 3D Porous Graphene\nfor Long-Term Electrocardiogram Signal Monitoring System","volume":"165","author":"Zahed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081909071440700_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6463\/ab5f4a","article-title":"Washable and Flexible\nScreen Printed\nGraphene Electrode on Textiles for Wearable Healthcare Monitoring","volume":"53","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2018.09.003","article-title":"Graphene\nInks for Printed Flexible\nElectronics: Graphene Dispersions, Ink Formulations, Printing Techniques\nand Applications","volume":"261","author":"Tran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.06.017","article-title":"DLS and Zeta\nPotential \u2013 What They Are and What They Are Not?","volume":"235","author":"Bhattacharjee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Controlled Release"},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2018.05.006","article-title":"Tailoring Metal Oxide\nNanoparticle Dispersions for Inkjet Printing","volume":"526","author":"Gebauer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081909071440700_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.09.044","article-title":"Digital\nInkjet Printing in Three Dimensions with Multiple Ceramic Compositions","volume":"41","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Eur. Ceram. Soc."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081909071440700_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.201900040","article-title":"Digital Inkjet Printing\nof High-Efficiency Large-Area Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells","volume":"4","author":"Corzo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081909071440700_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.1021\/la900059m","article-title":"Influence of Fluid Physical Properties on Ink-Jet Printability","volume":"25","author":"Jang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081909071440700_cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-matsci-070909-104502","article-title":"Inkjet Printing\nof Functional and Structural Materials: Fluid Property Requirements,\nFeature Stability, and Resolution","volume":"40","author":"Derby","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu. Rev.\nMater. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081909071440700_cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0960-1317\/21\/4\/045012","article-title":"Solvent\nand Substrate Effects on\nInkjet-Printed Dots and Lines of Silver Nanoparticle Colloids","volume":"21","author":"Shin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Micromech. Microeng."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026081909071440700_cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11568","DOI":"10.1021\/la100822s","article-title":"Hydrostatic\nOptimization of Inkjet-Printed\nFilms","volume":"26","author":"Kang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"issue":"44","key":"2026081909071440700_cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38507","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b11262","article-title":"Inkjet-Printed\nElectrodes on A4 Paper Substrates for\nLow-Cost, Disposable, and Flexible Asymmetric Supercapacitors","volume":"9","author":"Sundriyal","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081909071440700_cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2011.10.074","article-title":"Inkjet-Printed Graphene-Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(Styrene-Sulfonate)\nModified on Screen Printed Carbon Electrode for Electrochemical Sensing\nof Salbutamol","volume":"161","author":"Karuwan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081909071440700_cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orgel.2014.08.044","article-title":"Low-Cost and Flexible Printed Graphene\u2013PEDOT:PSS\nGas Sensor for Ammonia Detection","volume":"15","author":"Seekaew","year":"2014","journal-title":"Org. Electron."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7520741","article-title":"Polyurethane\nNanocomposites Containing Reduced Graphene Oxide, FTIR, Raman, and\nXRD Studies","volume":"2016","author":"Strankowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Spectrosc."},{"issue":"86","key":"2026081909071440700_cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46340","DOI":"10.1039\/C4RA08362H","article-title":"Dispersible Composites\nof Exfoliated Graphite and Polyaniline\nwith Improved Electrochemical Behaviour for Solid-State Chemical Sensor\nApplications","volume":"4","author":"Boeva","year":"2014","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081909071440700_cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3190","DOI":"10.1021\/nl201432g","article-title":"Quantifying Defects\nin Graphene via Raman Spectroscopy\nat Different Excitation Energies","volume":"11","author":"Canc\u0327ado","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026081909071440700_cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.85.5214","article-title":"Double Resonant Raman\nScattering in Graphite","volume":"85","author":"Thomsen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081909071440700_cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s12034-008-0090-5","article-title":"Raman Spectroscopy of Graphene on\nDifferent Substrates and Influence of Defects","volume":"31","author":"Das","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bull. Mater. Sci."},{"issue":"37","key":"2026081909071440700_cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20489","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.7b06236","article-title":"Evolution\nof the Raman Spectrum with the Chemical Composition of Graphene Oxide","volume":"121","author":"Lo\u0301pez-Di\u0301az","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081909071440700_cit74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49900-9","article-title":"Characterization of Nitrogen Doped\nGraphene Bilayers Synthesized by Fast, Low Temperature Microwave Plasma-Enhanced\nChemical Vapour Deposition","volume":"9","author":"Boas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026081909071440700_cit75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/ab048d","article-title":"Improved Photo-\nand Chemical-Responses\nof Graphene via Porphyrin-Functionalization for Flexible, Transparent,\nand Sensitive Sensors","volume":"30","author":"Pyo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081909071440700_cit76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39909","article-title":"A Bio-Enabled Maximally Mild Layer-by-Layer Kapton\nSurface Modification Approach for the Fabrication of All-Inkjet-Printed\nFlexible Electronic Devices","volume":"6","author":"Fang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026081909071440700_cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2022.114058","article-title":"Single-Arm\nDiagnostic Electrocardiography with Printed Graphene on Wearable Textiles","volume":"349","author":"Ozturk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, A"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081909071440700_cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11792","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c04962","article-title":"Stretchable Sponge Electrodes for Long-Term and Motion-Artifact-Tolerant\nRecording of High-Quality Electrophysiologic Signals","volume":"16","author":"Lo","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081909071440700_cit79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201600108","article-title":"Flexible Inkjet-Printed\nMultielectrode\nArrays for Neuromuscular Cartography","volume":"5","author":"Roberts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare\nMater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081909071440700_cit80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56595-0","article-title":"ECG Signal Quality\nin Intermittent Long-Term Dry Electrode Recordings with Controlled\nMotion Artifacts","volume":"14","author":"Joutsen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081909071440700_cit81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging8120330","article-title":"Effects of Image Quality on the Accuracy Human Pose\nEstimation and Detection of Eye Lid Opening\/Closing Using Openpose\nand DLib","volume":"8","author":"Ye","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Imaging"}],"container-title":["ACS Nanoscience Au"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsnanoscienceau.5c00195","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/anaccx\/article-pdf\/6\/4\/582\/66261393\/acsnanoscienceau.5c00195.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/anaccx\/article-pdf\/6\/4\/582\/66261393\/acsnanoscienceau.5c00195.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T13:36:42Z","timestamp":1787146602000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/anaccx\/article\/6\/4\/582\/5232799\/Inkjet-Printed-Aqueous-Graphene-Suspensions-on"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnanoscienceau.5c00195","relation":{},"ISSN":["2694-2496"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2694-2496","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]]}}}