{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T22:18:40Z","timestamp":1788473920930,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"30","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]],"date-time":"2020-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008769","name":"Julius-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t W\u00fcrzburg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Microbial, mammalian, and plant cells produce and contain secondary metabolites, which typically are soluble in water to prevent cell damage by crystallization. The formation of ion pairs, for example, with carboxylic acids or mineral acids, is a natural blueprint to maintain basic metabolites in solution. Here, we aim at showing whether the mostly large carboxylates form soluble protic ionic liquids (PILs) with the basic natural product papaverine resulting in enhanced aqueous solubility. The obtained PILs were characterized by 1H\u201315N HMBC nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and in the solid state using X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and dissolution measurements. Furthermore, their supramolecular pattern in aqueous solution was studied by means of potentiometric and photometrical solubility, NMR aggregation assay, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and viscosity measurements. Thereby, we identified the naturally occurring carboxylic acids, citric acid, malic acid, and tartaric acid, as being appropriate counterions for papaverine and which will facilitate the formation of PILs with their beneficial characteristics, like the improved dissolution rate and enhanced apparent solubility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c02630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]],"date-time":"2020-07-22T21:10:38Z","timestamp":1595452238000},"page":"19202-19209","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Bioinspired Ion Pairs Transforming Papaverine into\na Protic Ionic Liquid and Salts"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"Gu\u0308ntzel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wu\u0308rzburg , , Am Hubland , ,","place":["Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany, DE-97074"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Schilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wu\u0308rzburg , , Am Hubland , ,","place":["Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany, DE-97074"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4624-8020","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simon","family":"Hanio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wu\u0308rzburg , , Am Hubland , ,","place":["Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany, DE-97074"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3746-3004","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jonas","family":"Schlauersbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wu\u0308rzburg , , Am Hubland , ,","place":["Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany, DE-97074"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Curd","family":"Schollmayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wu\u0308rzburg , , Am Hubland , ,","place":["Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany, DE-97074"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7549-7627","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lorenz","family":"Meinel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wu\u0308rzburg , , Am Hubland , ,","place":["Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany, DE-97074"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0364-7278","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ulrike","family":"Holzgrabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wu\u0308rzburg , , Am Hubland , ,","place":["Wu\u0308rzburg, Germany, DE-97074"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090317365138200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.010280","article-title":"Analysis of\nthe compartmentation\nof glycolytic intermediates, nucleotides, sugars, organic acids, amino\nacids, and sugar alcohols in potato tubers using a nonaqueous fractionation\nmethod","volume":"127","author":"Farre\u0301","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"2026090317365138200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcd059","article-title":"Transport processes of solutes across\nthe vacuolar membrane of higher plants","volume":"41","author":"Martinoia","year":"2000","journal-title":"Plant\nCell Physiol."},{"key":"2026090317365138200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4180","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.ra117.000851","article-title":"Purification and functional characterization\nof the vacuolar malate transporter tDT from Arabidopsis","volume":"293","author":"Frei","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2026090317365138200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2007.02.003","article-title":"Transport\nof primary metabolites across the plant vacuolar membrane","volume":"581","author":"Neuhaus","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"2026090317365138200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/bf03020955","article-title":"In the arms of morpheus:\nthe development of morphine\nfor postoperative pain relief","volume":"47","author":"Hamilton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can. J. 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Chem."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.0c02630","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/5\/30\/19202\/68301854\/acsomega.0c02630.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/5\/30\/19202\/68301854\/acsomega.0c02630.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T21:37:00Z","timestamp":1788471420000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/5\/30\/19202\/500930\/Bioinspired-Ion-Pairs-Transforming-Papaverine-into"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"30","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.0c02630","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,22]]}}}