{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T05:39:05Z","timestamp":1790487545520,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"43","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"The SEM facility in Lille (France) is supported by the Conseil R\u00c3\u00a9gional du Nord-Pas de Calais and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a very flexible process to design various objects of original shapes. Previous works highlighted the preparation of new multimaterials composed of an original sandwich structure made of the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer containing 30 wt % of aluminum trihydroxide in which a hydrogel phase made of agar and vermiculite was incorporated. This original material revealed an extremely low heat release rate (HRR) (with a reduction of 86 and 64% with regard to the peak of the HRR and total heat release, respectively, when compared to the same sample without hydrogel filling) during its heat exposure at 50 kW\/m2 according to the mass loss cone calorimetry test. However, the time to ignition (TTI) of this material was not improved. This work consequently focuses on delaying the time to ignition of this hydrogel sandwich 3D-printed multimaterial. Solution consists in depositing by pulsed DC magnetron sputtering a low-emissivity thin coating on the exposed skin surface. This coating reflects most of the infrared rays responsible for heat absorption and thus delays the ignition of the underlying material. The thermal resistance performances of this coated sandwich 3D-printed multimaterial were evaluated, and a mechanism of action was proposed to explain the dramatic enhancement of the properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c02902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T20:08:42Z","timestamp":1603138122000},"page":"27857-27863","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Combining Low-Emissivity Thin Coating and 3D-Printed\nOriginal Designs for Superior Fire-Protective Performance"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Geoffroy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207\u2500UMET\u2500Unite\u0301 Mate\u0301riaux et Transformations , ,","place":["Lille, France, F-59000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Lise","family":"Davesne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207\u2500UMET\u2500Unite\u0301 Mate\u0301riaux et Transformations , ,","place":["Lille, France, F-59000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Parent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICD LASMIS, Universite\u0301 de Technologie de Troyes, UMR6281, CNRS, Antenne de Nogent, Po\u0302le Technologique de Haute-Champagne , ,","place":["Nogent, France, 52800"]},{"name":"NICCI, LRC CEA-ICD LASMIS, UTT, Antenne de Nogent-52, Po\u0302le Technologique de Haute-Champagne , ,","place":["Nogent, France, 52800"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fre\u0301de\u0301ric","family":"Sanchette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICD LASMIS, Universite\u0301 de Technologie de Troyes, UMR6281, CNRS, Antenne de Nogent, Po\u0302le Technologique de Haute-Champagne , ,","place":["Nogent, France, 52800"]},{"name":"NICCI, LRC CEA-ICD LASMIS, UTT, Antenne de Nogent-52, Po\u0302le Technologique de Haute-Champagne , ,","place":["Nogent, France, 52800"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabienne","family":"Samyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207\u2500UMET\u2500Unite\u0301 Mate\u0301riaux et Transformations , ,","place":["Lille, France, F-59000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0372-1503","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maude","family":"Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207\u2500UMET\u2500Unite\u0301 Mate\u0301riaux et Transformations , ,","place":["Lille, France, F-59000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1536-2015","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Serge","family":"Bourbigot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207\u2500UMET\u2500Unite\u0301 Mate\u0301riaux et Transformations , ,","place":["Lille, France, F-59000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090204462522100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2018.11.093","article-title":"Synthesis of a novel\nphosphazene-based flame retardant with active amine groups and its\napplication in reducing the fire hazard of Epoxy Resin","volume":"366","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"2026090204462522100_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2018.07.026","article-title":"Synthesis\nand flame retardant properties of\ncyclophosphazene derivatives containing boron","volume":"155","author":"Ai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stab."},{"key":"2026090204462522100_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2018.07.006","article-title":"Comprehensive study\non flame retardant polyesters from phosphorus additives","volume":"155","author":"Salmeia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. 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Technol."},{"key":"2026090204462522100_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109269","article-title":"3D printed sandwich materials filled with hydrogels\nfor extremely\nlow heat release rate","volume":"179","author":"Geoffroy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. 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