{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T20:57:23Z","timestamp":1793134643058,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"47","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010665","name":"H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["800924"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["800924"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PON a3-00359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PON a3-00359"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PON03PE_00078_1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PON03PE_00078_1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PON03PE_00078_2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PON03PE_00078_2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005010","name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by abnormal plasma cell proliferation within the bone marrow which leads to progressive bone marrow failure, skeletal osteolytic lesions, and renal insufficiency, thus severely affecting the quality of life. MM is always preceded by monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS), which progresses to asymptomatic-MM (aMM) or symptomatic-MM (sMM) at a rate of 1% per year. Despite impressive progress in the therapy of the disease, MM remains incurable. Based on these premises, the identification of biomarkers of MGUS progression to MM is a crucial issue in disease management. In this regard, exosomes (EXs) and their precious biomolecular cargo could play a pivotal role in MM detection, stratification, and follow-up. Raman spectroscopy, a label- and manipulation-free technique, and its enhanced version, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), have been used for characterizing MGUS, aMM, and sMM patient-derived EXs. Here, we have demonstrated the capability of Raman spectroscopy for discriminating EXs along the progression from MGUS to aMM and sMM, thus providing useful clinical indications for patient care. The used SERS devices, based on random nanostructures, have shown good potential in terms of sensitivity, but further developments are needed for achieving reproducible and quantitative SERS results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c03813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T02:20:12Z","timestamp":1605666012000},"page":"30436-30443","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Raman Spectroscopic Stratification of Multiple Myeloma\nPatients Based on Exosome Profiling"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Mario","family":"Russo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Tirinato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Scionti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9987-2348","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria Laura","family":"Coluccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Perozziello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Riillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Mollace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santo","family":"Gratteri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Malara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Di Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Viglietto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierosandro","family":"Tagliaferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierfrancesco","family":"Tassone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6156-887X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Patrizio","family":"Candeloro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universita\u0300 Magna Graecia , , ,","place":["Catanzaro, Italy, 88100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-018-0027-y","article-title":"Second malignancies\nin patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms: a population-based\ncohort study of 9379 patients","volume":"32","author":"Landtblom","year":"2018","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-018-0362-z","article-title":"The future of myeloma\nprecision medicine: integrating the compendium of known drug resistance\nmechanisms with emerging tumor profiling technologies","volume":"33","author":"Harding","year":"2019","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beha.2005.01.008","article-title":"Multiple myeloma:\nclinical features and indications\nfor therapy","volume":"18","author":"Dispenzieri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res., Clin. Haematol."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2722","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.21358","article-title":"Molecular Detection\nand Analysis of Exosomes Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Gold\nNanorods and a Miniaturized Device","volume":"8","author":"Kwizera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12590","article-title":"Modern Multiple Myeloma Therapy: Deep, Sustained Treatment\nResponse and Good Clinical Outcomes","volume":"281","author":"Landgren","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Intern.\nMed."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24402","article-title":"Multiple\nmyeloma: 2016 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management","volume":"91","author":"Rajkumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2019.100595","article-title":"The emerging\nrole of exosomes in multiple myeloma","volume":"38","author":"Moloudizargari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood\nRev."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2018.07.001","article-title":"Modifying\nexosome release in cancer\ntherapy: How can it help?","volume":"134","author":"Moloudizargari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-05-715961","article-title":"Caspase-3-dependent cleavage of Bcl-xL\nin the stroma exosomes is required for their uptake by hematological\nmalignant cells","volume":"128","author":"Vardaki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3292","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201600393","article-title":"Identification\nof Individual Exosome-Like Vesicles\nby Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"12","author":"Stremersch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-017-0730-8","article-title":"Monitoring multiple\nmyeloma by idiotype-specific peptide binders of tumor-derived exosomes","volume":"16","author":"Iaccino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Canc."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2886","article-title":"Label-free detection and molecular\nprofiling of exosomes with a nano-plasmonic sensor","volume":"32","author":"Im","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2009.09.004","article-title":"Identification of Raman spectroscopic\nmarkers for the characterization of normal and adenocarcinomatous\ncolonic tissues","volume":"72","author":"Beljebbar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mee.2012.03.022","article-title":"SERS analysis on exosomes using super-hydrophobic\nsurfaces","volume":"97","author":"Tirinato","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microelectron. 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Actuators,\nB"},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E968","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1521230113","article-title":"Proteomic\ncomparison defines novel markers to characterize\nheterogeneous populations of extracellular vesicle subtypes","volume":"113","author":"Kowal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.18133","article-title":"Progress in\nExosome Isolation Techniques","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3809","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1009043108","article-title":"In vivo lipidomics using single-cell Raman spectroscopy","volume":"108","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 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Vesicles"},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2013.10.004","article-title":"Exosomes as\nnew vesicular lipid transporters involved in cell-cell communication\nand various pathophysiologies","volume":"1841","author":"Record","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys.\nActa, Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids"},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-008-8505-8","article-title":"Effect of Ceramide\non Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation Toward Adipocytes","volume":"160","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kerr, L. T.; Gubbins, L.; Gorzel, K. W.; Sharma, S.; Kell, M.; McCann, A.; Hennelly, B. M.\n          Raman spectroscopy\nand SERS\nanalysis of ovarian tumour derived exosomes (TEXs): a preliminary\nstudy.  Proceedings of SPIE: Photonic Solutions\nfor Better Health Care IV; International\nSociety for Optics and Photonics, 2014; p 9129.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2051759"},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5001","DOI":"10.1039\/c6ay00406g","article-title":"Facile detection\nof\ntumor-derived exosomes using magnetic nanobeads and SERS nanoprobes","volume":"8","author":"Zong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anal. 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Chem."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit33","volume-title":"Modern Raman\nSpectroscopy: A Practical\nApproach","author":"Smith","year":"2005","edition":"1"},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5599","DOI":"10.1021\/jp010657m","article-title":"Nanosphere lithography: A versatile nanofabrication\ntool for studies of size-dependent nanoparticle optics","volume":"105","author":"Haynes","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mee.2016.12.015","article-title":"Plasmonic\nnanoholes as SERS devices for biosensing applications: An easy route\nfor nanostructures fabrication on glass substrates","volume":"175","author":"Candeloro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microelectron. Eng."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5703","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0345087","article-title":"Raman detection\nof proteomic analytes","volume":"75","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2015.07.161","article-title":"H ferritin\nsilencing induces protein misfolding in K562 cells: A Raman analysis","volume":"89","author":"Zolea","year":"2015","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol. Med."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1021\/ac020194w","article-title":"Light scattering\nand light absorbance\nseparated by extended multiplicative signal correction. Application\nto near-infrared transmission analysis of powder mixtures","volume":"75","author":"Martens","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"2026090202120051100_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7331","DOI":"10.1039\/c3an01665j","article-title":"Raman database\nof amino acids solutions: a critical study of Extended Multiplicative\nSignal Correction","volume":"138","author":"Candeloro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Analyst"}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.0c03813","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/5\/47\/30436\/67635218\/acsomega.0c03813.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/5\/47\/30436\/67635218\/acsomega.0c03813.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T06:12:08Z","timestamp":1788329528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/5\/47\/30436\/495471\/Raman-Spectroscopic-Stratification-of-Multiple"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"47","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.0c03813","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]]}}}