{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T21:20:47Z","timestamp":1791667247654,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"51","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_ccbyncnd_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30EY14801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY14801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A decrease of avian biodiversity in the African continent has been the result of anthropogenic pressure in the region. This has resulted in the African penguin (Spheniscus demersus) being placed on the endangered species list and requires conservation efforts to maintain its free-ranging population and placement under managed care. In the latter environment, infection by Aspergillus fumigatus can be common. The diagnosis and treatment of this fungal disease in birds has presented with many difficulties, largely due to the diversity and limited knowledge that exists about this species. In this study, we implement a high-resolution capillary electrophoresis system for the fractionation of African penguin plasma, followed by mass spectrometry analysis for the identification of proteins associated with aspergillosis. Several protein differences were revealed, including changes in acute phase proteins and lipid metabolism. In addition, our results demonstrated that fibrinogen \u03b2 chain is a protein largely present during the inflammatory process in an African penguin infected with A. fumigatus. These findings present a new avenue for the measurement of plasma proteins as a potential method for identifying important biomarkers to aid in monitoring African penguin health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c04983","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T16:12:21Z","timestamp":1608048741000},"page":"33280-33289","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Capillary Electrophoresis Assessment of Plasma Protein\nChanges in an African Penguin (\n                    <i>Spheniscus demersus<\/i>\n                    ) With Aspergillosis"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8425-9102","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anddre Osmar","family":"Valdivia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami , , ,","place":["Miami, Florida, United States, 33136"]},{"name":"University of Miami , , , ,","place":["Miami, Florida, United States, 33136"]},{"name":"University of Miami , , , ,","place":["Miami, Florida, United States, 33136"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen Jasmin","family":"Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami , , ,","place":["Miami, Florida, United States, 33136"]},{"name":"University of Miami , , , ,","place":["Miami, Florida, United States, 33136"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3759-647X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sanjoy K.","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami , , ,","place":["Miami, Florida, United States, 33136"]},{"name":"University of Miami , , , ,","place":["Miami, Florida, United States, 33136"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7180-153X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carolyn","family":"Cray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Miami , , , ,","place":["Miami, Florida, United States, 33136"]},{"name":"University of Miami , , , ,","place":["Miami, Florida, United States, 33136"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.12349","article-title":"Pollution, habitat loss, fishing, and climate change\nas critical threats to penguins","volume":"29","author":"Trathan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Conserv. Biol."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.2989\/00306525.2014.955141","article-title":"Winners\nand losers\u2013responses to recent environmental change by South\nAfrican seabirds that compete with purse-seine fisheries for food","volume":"85","author":"Crawford","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ostrich"},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.2989\/1814232X.2011.572377","article-title":"Collapse\nof South Africa\u2019s penguins in the early\n21st century","volume":"33","author":"Crawford","year":"2011","journal-title":"Afr. J. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.2989\/AJMS.2008.30.1.17.467","article-title":"Influences of the abundance and distribution\nof prey on African penguins Spheniscus demersus off western South Africa","volume":"30","author":"Crawford","year":"2008","journal-title":"Afr. J. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit5","article-title":"Infectious Diseases of Concern to Captive\nand Free Ranging Animals\nin North America","volume-title":"Infectious Disease Committee","author":"Gamble","year":"2013","edition":"2"},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2010.506210","article-title":"Aspergillus infections\nin birds: a review","volume":"39","author":"Beernaert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1638\/2017-0172.1","article-title":"Application of 3-hydroxybutyrate measurement and plasma protein electrophoresis\nin the diagnosis of aspergillosis in African penguins (Spheniscus demersus)","volume":"49","author":"Desoubeaux","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Zoo\nWildl. Med."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1017\/S0043933914000038","article-title":"Acute phase\nproteins: a review of their function, behaviour\nand measurement in chickens","volume":"70","author":"O\u2019Reilly","year":"2014","journal-title":"World\u2019s\nPoult. Sci. J."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-008-1356-5","article-title":"Serum selenium and\nglutathione peroxidase-3 activity: biomarkers of systemic inflammation\nin the critically ill?","volume":"35","author":"Manzanares","year":"2009","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e3283525cb8","article-title":"Keratins: markers\nand modulators of liver disease","volume":"28","author":"Strnad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Opin.\nGastroenterol."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit11","article-title":"Introduction to\nlipids and lipoproteins","volume-title":"Endotext","author":"Feingold","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2006.12.035","article-title":"Expression\nof lipogenic\nenzymes in chickens","volume":"147","author":"Rosebrough","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol.,\nPart A: Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.110.216374","article-title":"The prostaglandin\nE2 receptor EP4 is expressed by human platelets and potently inhibits\nplatelet aggregation and thrombus formation","volume":"30","author":"Philipose","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arterioscler., Thromb., Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2014.1.60","article-title":"Recent insights into the role of\nthe contact pathway in thrombo-inflammatory disorders","volume":"2014","author":"van Montfoort","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1038\/77964","article-title":"Structure\nof isocitrate lyase, a persistence factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"7","author":"Sharma","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Biol."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2006.01.015","article-title":"Analysis of\nthe regulation, expression,\nand localisation of the isocitrate lyase from Aspergillus fumigatus, a potential target for antifungal drug\ndevelopment","volume":"43","author":"Ebel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fungal Genet. Biol."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01091-09","article-title":"Activation of platelets\nby Aspergillus fumigatus and potential\nrole of platelets in the immunopathogenesis of aspergillosis","volume":"78","author":"R\u00f8dland","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-144","article-title":"Systemic biomarkers of inflammation\nand haemostasis in patients with chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis","volume":"12","author":"R\u00f8dland","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis743","article-title":"Aspergillus fumigatus activates thrombocytes by secretion of soluble compounds","volume":"207","author":"Speth","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv191","article-title":"Identification of Aspergillus fumigatus surface components that mediate interaction of conidia and hyphae\nwith human platelets","volume":"212","author":"Rambach","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2009.03438.x","article-title":"Fibrinogen\nsignal transduction in\nthe nervous system","volume":"7","author":"Ryu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemostasis"},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-011-0290-8","article-title":"Fibrinogen\nas a key regulator of inflammation in disease","volume":"34","author":"Davalos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/03079458508436226","article-title":"Haematological findings\nin captive gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) with bumblefoot","volume":"14","author":"Hawkey","year":"1985","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1080\/03079459708419258","article-title":"Haematological and\nclinical biochemistry\nfindings in captive Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti)","volume":"26","author":"Villouta","year":"1997","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-736X2014001300009","article-title":"Clinical,\nhematological, total plasma protein and fibrinogen parameters of magellanic\npenguins (Spheniscus magellanicus)\npre-and post-rehabilitation","volume":"34","author":"Coraiola","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pesq. Vet. Bras."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200843","article-title":"Translational proteomic\nstudy to address host protein changes during aspergillosis","volume":"13","author":"Desoubeaux","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9488-5_9","article-title":"Protein\u2013lipid\ncomplex separation utilizing a capillary electrophoresis system","volume-title":"Metabolomics: Methods and Protocols","author":"Valdivia","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1600162","article-title":"Extensive\ncitrullination promotesimmunogenicity of HSP90 through protein unfolding\nand exposure of cryptic epitopes","volume":"197","author":"Travers","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpbi.86","article-title":"Using MetaboAnalyst\n4.0 for comprehensive\nand integrative metabolomics data analysis","volume":"68","author":"Chong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Bioinf."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D377","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks1118","article-title":"PANTHER in 2013: modeling the evolution\nof gene function, and other gene attributes, in the context of phylogenetic\ntrees","volume":"41","author":"Mi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2026092106103383600_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.772403","article-title":"PANTHER: a library of protein families and subfamilies\nindexed by function","volume":"13","author":"Thomas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genome Res."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.0c04983","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/5\/51\/33280\/67772600\/acsomega.0c04983.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/5\/51\/33280\/67772600\/acsomega.0c04983.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:21:40Z","timestamp":1789989700000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/5\/51\/33280\/496569\/Capillary-Electrophoresis-Assessment-of-Plasma"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"51","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.0c04983","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]}}}