{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T15:20:09Z","timestamp":1788362409063,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_ccbyncnd_termsofuse.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Prazosin, a selective \u03b11 adrenergic receptor antagonist, with documented anti-inflammatory potential, was evaluated for its antiarthritic efficacy by targeting specifically TNF-\u03b1. The antiarthritic attribute of prazosin validated through in vitro screening comprised thermally provoked denaturation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and egg albumin along with membrane stabilization evaluation at a concentration of 100\u20136400 \u03bcg\/mL, while in vivo screening comprised formaldehyde-instigated arthritis at the doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg\/kg and complete Freund\u2019s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis at 20 mg\/kg dose. Paw swelling, body weight, arthritic score, hematological parameters, and histological and radiographic examination of ankle joints were assessed for a period of 28 days after CFA immunization. Moreover, the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-\u03b1 level was also assessed through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Prazosin revealed significant antiarthritic effect evident through protein denaturation inhibition in the egg albumin and the BSA model, stabilization of red blood cell membrane in the membrane stabilizing assay, and reduction in paw volume in formaldehyde-induced arthritis. Likewise, prazosin exhibited propitious antiarthritic effects in the CFA-provoked arthritis model manifested by paw volume and arthritic score alleviation, substantial weight loss prevention, and preservation of the normal hematological and biochemical profile. Histological and X-ray investigation unveiled no substantive structural alterations in treated rat\u2019s ankle joints. The TNF-\u03b1 expression level was also reduced. Thus, the current study is suggestive that prazosin exhibits a strong antiarthritic potential possibly through inhibition of TNF-\u03b1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c05698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T04:13:38Z","timestamp":1610684018000},"page":"2379-2388","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["RETRACTED: Appraisal of the Antiarthritic Potential\nof Prazosin via Inhibition of Proinflammatory Cytokine TNF-\u03b1:\nA Key Player in Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Sumera","family":"Qasim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jouf University , , , ,","place":["Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia, 2014"]},{"name":"College of Pharmacy University of Sargodha , Sargodha University Road , , ,","place":["Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan, 40100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4775-7337","authenticated-orcid":true,"family":"Alamgeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Punjab , , Canal Road, Quaid-i-Azam Campus , , ,","place":["Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, 54590"]},{"name":"College of Pharmacy University of Sargodha , Sargodha University Road , , ,","place":["Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan, 40100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Saleem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Punjab , , Canal Road, Quaid-i-Azam Campus , , ,","place":["Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, 54590"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasser Hadal","family":"Alotaibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jouf University , , , ,","place":["Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia, 2014"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Nasir Abbas","family":"Bukhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jouf University , , , ,","place":["Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia, 2014"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid Saad","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jouf University , , , ,","place":["Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia, 2014"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hafiz Muhammad","family":"Irfan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy University of Sargodha , Sargodha University Road , , ,","place":["Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan, 40100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rukhsana","family":"Anwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Punjab , , Canal Road, Quaid-i-Azam Campus , , ,","place":["Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, 54590"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090210485681700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60008-8","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"373","author":"Klareskog","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026090210485681700_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2015.08.031","article-title":"Protective\nrole of theophylline and their interaction with nitric oxide (NO)\nin adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats","volume":"29","author":"Pal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. 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