{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T17:18:46Z","timestamp":1789751926255,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011821","name":"Ministry of Education \u2013 Kingdom of Saudi Arabi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IFT 20029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IFT 20029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011821","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Oral candidiasis is widely spread in both humans and animals, which is caused mainly by Candida albicans. In this study, we aimed to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the first time using the Lotus lalambensis Schweinf leaf extract (L-AgNPs) and investigated their anti-candidal potency alone or in combination with the leaf extract of L. lalambensis (L-AgNPs\/LL) against C. albicans. The biosynthesized L-AgNPs were characterized by imaging (transmission electron microscopy, TEM), UV\u2013vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results of the disk diffusion method showed the potent synergistic anti-candidal activity of L-AgNPs\/LL (24 mm inhibition zone). L-AgNPs\/LL completely inhibited the morphogenesis of C. albicans and suppressed the adhesion and the formation of the biofilm of C. albicans by 82.5 and 78.7%, respectively. Further, L-AgNPs\/LL inhibited the production of antioxidant enzymes of C. albicans by 80%. SEM and TEM revealed deteriorations in the cell wall ultrastructure in L-AgNPs\/LL-treated C. albicans. Interestingly, L-AgNPs\/LL showed less than 5% cytotoxicity when examined with either the primary bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs) or MCF-7 cell line at MIC values of L-AgNPs\/LL. In conclusion, we identified L-AgNPs\/LL as a potential biosynthesized-based drug for oral candidiasis in humans and animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c06009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T13:13:01Z","timestamp":1615813981000},"page":"8151-8162","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using the\n                    <i>Lotus lalambensis<\/i>\n                    Aqueous Leaf Extract and Their\nAnti-Candidal Activity against Oral Candidiasis"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0324-8055","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Basem M.","family":"Abdallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King Faisal University , , ,","place":["Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, 31982"]},{"name":"University of Southern Denmark , , ,","place":["Odense, Denmark, DK-5000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enas M.","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Faisal University , , ,","place":["Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, 31982"]},{"name":"Cairo University , , ,","place":["Cairo, Egypt, 12613"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081414150010900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2012.11.006","article-title":"The oral\nmicrobiome in health and disease","volume":"69","author":"Wade","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol.\nRes."},{"key":"2026081414150010900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01471","article-title":"Candida and Complement: New Aspects\nin an Old Battle","volume":"11","author":"Harpf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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Pathog."},{"key":"2026081414150010900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2012.752878","article-title":"Azole-resistant\nCandida albicans\nfrom a wild Brazilian porcupine (Coendou prehensilis): a sign of an\nenvironmental imbalance?","volume":"51","author":"Castelo-Branco","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. Mycol."},{"key":"2026081414150010900_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.234.8.1013","article-title":"Pathology in practice.\nFungal dermatitis in a camel caused by Candida albicans","volume":"234","author":"Lamm","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Association"},{"key":"2026081414150010900_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.150.23.728","article-title":"Cutaneous\ncandidiasis in a dog caused\nby Candida guilliermondii","volume":"150","author":"Mueller","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet. 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Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081414150010900_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10030422","article-title":"Effective Inhibition\nof Candidiasis Using an Eco-Friendly\nLeaf Extract of Calotropis-gigantean-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles","volume":"10","author":"Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"2026081414150010900_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-018-0334-5","article-title":"A review on biosynthesis of silver\nnanoparticles and their biocidal properties","volume":"16","author":"Siddiqi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"2026081414150010900_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-3155-11-5","article-title":"Silver\nnanoparticles of Albizia adianthifolia: the induction of apoptosis\nin human lung carcinoma cell line","volume":"11","author":"Govender","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081414150010900_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2014.05.040","article-title":"Coriandrum sativum seed extract assisted in situ green\nsynthesis of silver nanoparticle and its anti-microbial activity","volume":"60","author":"Nazeruddin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Industrial Crops and Products"},{"key":"2026081414150010900_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.materresbull.2007.06.020","article-title":"Extracellular\nbiosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the fungus Fusarium semitectum","volume":"43","author":"Basavaraja","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Bull."},{"key":"2026081414150010900_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1590\/0001-3765201420130220","article-title":"Phytochemical profile and antimicrobial properties\nof Lotus spp. (Fabaceae)","volume":"86","author":"Girardi","year":"2014","journal-title":"An. Acad. Bras. 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