{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:25:20Z","timestamp":1786980320220,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"50","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31900972"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31900972"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Medical Research Fund","award":["A2018118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A2018118"]}]},{"name":"CSA Clinical Research Fund","award":["CSA-R2018-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSA-R2018-07"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Resin composites that consist of polymeric resins and functional fillers are commonly used as restorative materials for dental caries. Various types of calcium phosphates (CaPs) are studied as remineralizing fillers in the formulation of dental resin composites, which are generally inhibitory to demineralization of teeth, but the performance of resin composites has not yet been investigated comprehensively with respect to the size of CaP particles. In this study, the same tricalcium phosphate (TCP) particles within two different size ranges, the as-received TCP particles (TCP) and those resulted from grinding (TCP-G), were tested to determine the size dependence of CaP fillers in dental resin composites. The buffering capability, mechanical properties, ion release, antibacterial performance, and remineralization effect of TCP\/TCP-G-containing composites were experimentally characterized and compared against two other commercial dental materials. The integration of micrometer-sized TCP particles resulted in a similar buffering effect and Ca2+\/PO43\u2013 release behaviors compared to the resin composite containing much smaller TCP-G particles. The flexural strength of the TCP-G resin composite was lower than that of the TCP composite after immersion in water for 30 days. However, the TCP-G composite facilitated crystal deposition toward better gap-closing performance at the dentin\u2013composite interface. This study explored detailed insights about the size effect of CaP fillers, which is useful for the development of functional dental resin composites and their clinical translation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c05825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T08:13:23Z","timestamp":1639124003000},"page":"35057-35066","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Size Dependence of Particulate Calcium Phosphate Fillers\nin Dental Resin Composites"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Qiting","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510055"]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510055"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zelin","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510055"]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510055"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junda","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510055"]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510055"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8471-9148","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ying","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510275"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1051-4315","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jingwei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South China University of Technology , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510641"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1586-3741","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhengmei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sun Yat-sen University , , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510055"]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology , ,","place":["Guangzhou, China, 510055"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081710234013400_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1177\/003335490712200513","article-title":"Economic Impact of\nRegulating the Use of Amalgam Restorations","volume":"122","author":"Beazoglou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."},{"key":"2026081710234013400_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034517720658","article-title":"New Resins for Dental\nComposites","volume":"96","author":"Fugolin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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Mater."},{"key":"2026081710234013400_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215101","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/abe577","article-title":"Antimicrobial\nactivity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles, amoxicillin, and\nglass-ionomer cement against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus\naureus","volume":"32","author":"Enan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"2026081710234013400_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5375","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-021-03846-3","article-title":"Remineralization\neffectiveness of adhesive containing amorphous calcium\nphosphate nanoparticles on artificial initial enamel caries in a biofilm-challenged\nenvironment","volume":"25","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Invest."},{"key":"2026081710234013400_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034510379602","article-title":"The role of bacteria in the caries\nprocess: ecological perspectives","volume":"90","author":"Takahashi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"2026081710234013400_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1177\/0895937409335590","article-title":"Remineralization,\nthe natural caries repair process--the need for new approaches","volume":"21","author":"Featherstone","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Dent. Res."},{"key":"2026081710234013400_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516647677","article-title":"Lack of\nBuffering by Composites Promotes\nShift to More Cariogenic Bacteria","volume":"95","author":"Nedeljkovic","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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Dent."},{"key":"2026081710234013400_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21395","DOI":"10.1002\/adv.21395","article-title":"Preparation and Characterization\nof Antibacterial Dental Resin with UDMQA-12 Advances in Polymer Technology\nVolume 33, Issue 2","volume":"33","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Polym. Technol."},{"key":"2026081710234013400_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.32709","article-title":"Effect of\namorphous calcium phosphate and silver nanocomposites on dental plaque\nmicrocosm biofilms","volume":"100","author":"Cheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res.,\nPart B"},{"key":"2026081710234013400_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2015.12.002","article-title":"Are fluoride\nreleasing dental materials clinically effective on caries control?","volume":"32","author":"Cury","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dent. 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Mater."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.1c05825","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/6\/50\/35057\/3669966\/ao1c05825.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/6\/50\/35057\/3669966\/ao1c05825.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:34:08Z","timestamp":1786977248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/6\/50\/35057\/381210\/Size-Dependence-of-Particulate-Calcium-Phosphate"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"50","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.1c05825","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]]}}}