{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:24:21Z","timestamp":1786980261908,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"50","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019M661325"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019M661325"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018594","name":"Central University Basic Research Fund of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2232020G-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2232020G-03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The utilization of solar energy to make human lives better has been one of the primary and green approaches adopted by ordinary people and researchers for decades. This approach has recently gained a lot of attention as a way to tackle clean water scarcity in remote areas. Costly components, complex manufacturing procedures with rarely available equipment, and a surface to condense water vapors are challenges in the way of its application in the required areas. Here, we propose a complete system to solve this problem with a handmade light absorber and a superhydrophilic surface (antifogging) to get vapors back to collect clean water. Our handmade flower-like light absorber stitched by crochet work, the single stitch method, was able to get a decent evaporation rate of 1.75 kg\/m2\u00b7h in pure water and slightly lower rates of 1.62 and 1.65 kg\/m2\u00b7h with brine and pond water, respectively. Still, our proposed superhydrophilic coated surface can collect \u223c37% more water than the pristine surface. This system has a huge potential for use in rural areas because of multiple key advantages, such as simple technology, readily available low-cost raw materials, and easy fabrication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c05925","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T12:47:40Z","timestamp":1639054060000},"page":"35104-35111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Complete System to Generate Clean Water from a Contaminated\nWater Body by a Handmade Flower-like Light Absorber"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3882-5908","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Javed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Donghua University , , 2999 North Renmin Road , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201620"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sippi","family":"Pirah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donghua University , , 2999 North Renmin Road , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201620"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonghe","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donghua University , , 2999 North Renmin Road , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201620"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donghua University , , 2999 North Renmin Road , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201620"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yating","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donghua University , , 2999 North Renmin Road , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201620"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0598-4315","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muhammad Zubair","family":"Nawaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donghua University , , 2999 North Renmin Road , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201620"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5648-9330","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zaisheng","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donghua University , , 2999 North Renmin Road , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201620"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0137-2706","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donghua University , , 2999 North Renmin Road , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 201620"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17134","DOI":"10.1038\/nenergy.2017.134","article-title":"The climate and air-quality\nbenefits of wind and solar power in the United States","volume":"2","author":"Millstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Energy"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20400","DOI":"10.1002\/er.7125","article-title":"Submerged solar energy\nharvesting\nusing ferroelectric Ti-doped BFO-based heterojunction solar cells","volume":"45","author":"Renuka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Energy Res."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6031","DOI":"10.1039\/D1MA00580D","article-title":"CdS nanobelt-based\nself-powered flexible photodetectors with high\nphotosensitivity","volume":"2","author":"Nawaz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Adv."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4151","DOI":"10.1021\/acsaelm.1c00607","article-title":"Flexible Photodetectors with High Responsivity and\nBroad Spectral Response Employing Ternary SnxCd1-xS Micronanostructures","volume":"3","author":"Nawaz","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Electron. Mater."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.6b00023","article-title":"Beyond\nthe Pipeline: Assessing the\nEfficiency Limits of Advanced Technologies for Solar Water Disinfection","volume":"3","author":"Loeb","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2000202","DOI":"10.1002\/adsu.202000202","article-title":"Solar-Driven All-in-One Interfacial Water Evaporator Based on Electrostatic\nFlocking","volume":"5","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Sustainable Syst."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57155","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c18671","article-title":"Biomass-Derived Bilayer Solar Evaporator with Enhanced\nEnergy Utilization for High-Efficiency Water Generation","volume":"12","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater.\nInterfaces"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900003","DOI":"10.1002\/adsu.201900003","article-title":"Biomimetic\nSuperstructures Assembled from Au Nanostars and Nanospheres for Efficient\nSolar Evaporation","volume":"3","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Sustainable Syst."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485203","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/ac1719","article-title":"Stable flexible photodetector based on FePS3\/reduced\ngraphene oxide heterostructure with significant enhancement in photoelectrochemical\nperformance","volume":"32","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1901168","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.201901168","article-title":"Quasimetallic\nMolybdenum Carbide\u2013Based Flexible Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogels\nfor Enhancing Solar Water Evaporation","volume":"6","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv.\nMater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2021.105979","article-title":"Recent advances and\nchallenges for water evaporation-induced electricity toward applications","volume":"85","author":"Dao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2011.03.042","article-title":"Review of researches\nand developments on solar stills","volume":"276","author":"Kabeel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Desalination"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700094","DOI":"10.1002\/gch2.201700094","article-title":"Carbon-Based Sunlight\nAbsorbers in Solar-Driven Steam\nGeneration Devices","volume":"2","author":"Dao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob. Chall."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2019.227388","article-title":"All day Limnobium laevigatum inspired\nnanogenerator self-driven via water evaporation","volume":"448","author":"Dao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Power Sources"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.143490","article-title":"An experimental\nexploration of generating electricity from nature-inspired hierarchical\nevaporator: The role of electrode materials","volume":"759","author":"Dao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-018-0260-7","article-title":"Solar-driven interfacial evaporation","volume":"3","author":"Tao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat.\nEnergy"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20379","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c02398","article-title":"Remarkable\nRate of Water Evaporation through Naked Veins of Natural Tree Leaves","volume":"6","author":"Konch","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-020-0566-x","article-title":"Solar-trackable super-wicking\nblack metal panel for photothermal\nwater sanitation","volume":"3","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Sustain"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38512","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c07921","article-title":"Plasma-Made Graphene Nanostructures\nwith Molecularly Dispersed F and Na Sites for Solar Desalination of\nOil-Contaminated Seawater with Complete In-Water and In-Air Oil Rejection","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18114","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.0c06462","article-title":"Highly Efficient Solar\nEvaporator Based On a Hydrophobic Association Hydrogel","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900004","DOI":"10.1002\/gch2.201900004","article-title":"Low-Cost and High-Efficiency Solar-Driven\nVapor Generation Using a 3D Dyed Cotton Towel","volume":"3","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Glob. Chal.l"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7756","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c21384","article-title":"Magnetically Driven 3D Cellulose\nFilm for Improved Energy Efficiency in Solar Evaporation","volume":"13","author":"Gan","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2000245","DOI":"10.1002\/adsu.202000245","article-title":"A Low-Cost\n3D Spherical Evaporator with Unique Surface Topology and Inner Structure\nfor Solar Water Evaporation-Assisted Dye Wastewater Treatment","volume":"5","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Sustainable Syst."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2019.104324","article-title":"Recent advances\nand challenges for\nsolar-driven water evaporation system toward applications","volume":"68","author":"Dao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1177\/2455265820170403","article-title":"Promoting Export of\nCrochet Laces from India: Role of Export Promotion\nCouncil of Handicrafts","volume":"6","author":"Maurya","year":"2017","journal-title":"FIIB Business Review"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3388770.3407448","article-title":"Representing Crochet\nwith Stitch\nMeshes","volume":"4","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Symp Comput Fab"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109149","article-title":"Flame-retardant\nshape memory polyurethane\/MXene paper and the application for early\nfire alarm sensor","volume":"223","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Compos. B Eng."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.123621","article-title":"Thermal-triggered insulating fireproof\nlayers: A novel fire-extinguishing\nMXene composites coating","volume":"391","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5405","DOI":"10.1039\/c9gc02454a","article-title":"Highly transparent,\nhealable, and durable anti-fogging\ncoating by combining hydrophilic pectin and tannic acid with poly\u00ad(ethylene\nterephthalate)","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2020.07.627","article-title":"Productivity enhancement of solar\nstill with phase change materials and water-absorbing material","volume":"38","author":"Bachchan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Today: Proc."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100332","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.202100332","article-title":"Interaction Promotes the Formation\nand Photothermal Conversion of Carbon Dots\/Polydopamine Composite\nfor Solar-Driven Water Evaporation","volume":"8","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater.\nInterfaces"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4449","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5449","article-title":"Solar steam generation by heat localization","volume":"5","author":"Ghasemi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10612","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c22245","article-title":"A Nature-Inspired Monolithic Integrated\nCellulose Aerogel-Based Evaporator for Efficient Solar Desalination","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7200","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c20503","article-title":"Novel Ramie Fabric-Based\nDraping Evaporator for Tunable Water Supply and Highly Efficient Solar\nDesalination","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2011114","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202011114","article-title":"Confinement Capillarity\nof Thin Coating for Boosting Solar-Driven Water Evaporation","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"2026081710245194000_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1039\/c8ee00220g","article-title":"A salt-rejecting floating\nsolar still\nfor low-cost desalination","volume":"11","author":"Ni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.1c05925","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/6\/50\/35104\/3667008\/ao1c05925.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/6\/50\/35104\/3667008\/ao1c05925.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:25:43Z","timestamp":1786976743000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/6\/50\/35104\/381017\/Complete-System-to-Generate-Clean-Water-from-a"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"50","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.1c05925","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]}}}