{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T13:31:03Z","timestamp":1786973463261,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"43","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22H01732"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22H01732"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fiber examination is frequently performed in forensics, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is one candidate method for discriminating polyester fibers. Here, the effects of machine washing on weight-average molecular weight (Mw), polydispersity index (PDI), and the percentage peak area of cyclic ethylene terephthalate trimer (PPAL) of commercial polyester shirts and manufactured poly\u00ad(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) yarns were investigated using GPC. GPC was performed using a 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-propan-2-ol polymer solubilizer, styrene\u2013divinylbenzene copolymer GPC columns, a chloroform mobile phase, and a 254 nm absorbance monitor. The statistical change in the polyester fibers during machine washing was evaluated by comparing three GPC parameters of the same fiber samples before and after machine washing. Among the commercial polyester shirts examined, the GPC parameters changed significantly after machine washing with a considerable PPAL decrease. In contrast, the GPC parameters of manufactured PET yarns changed significantly with a moderate increase in Mw. This work elucidates the change on GPC parameters of polyester fibers by machine washing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c04446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T21:15:38Z","timestamp":1666127738000},"page":"38789-38795","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of Machine\nWashing on the Chromatography Parameters\nof Polyester Fiber Gel Permeation"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Ritsuko","family":"Matsushita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RIKEN SPring-8 Center , 1-1-1 Kouto , Sayo-cho, , ,","place":["Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan, 679-5148"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshio","family":"Nakanishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RIKEN SPring-8 Center , 1-1-1 Kouto , Sayo-cho, , ,","place":["Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan, 679-5148"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shimpei","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RIKEN SPring-8 Center , 1-1-1 Kouto , Sayo-cho, , ,","place":["Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan, 679-5148"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Iwai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RIKEN SPring-8 Center , 1-1-1 Kouto , Sayo-cho, , ,","place":["Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan, 679-5148"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahisa","family":"Takatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RIKEN SPring-8 Center , 1-1-1 Kouto , Sayo-cho, , ,","place":["Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan, 679-5148"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadao","family":"Honda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute , 1-1-1 Kouto , Sayo-cho, , ,","place":["Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan, 679-5198"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Funaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TOYOBO Co., Ltd. , 2-1-2 Katata , , ,","place":["Otsu, Shiga, Japan, 520-0292"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RIKEN SPring-8 Center , 1-1-1 Kouto , Sayo-cho, , ,","place":["Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan, 679-5148"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0983-4162","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yasuo","family":"Seto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RIKEN SPring-8 Center , 1-1-1 Kouto , Sayo-cho, , ,","place":["Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan, 679-5148"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit1","volume-title":"Forensic\nExamination of Fibers","author":"Robertson","year":"1999","edition":"2"},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit2","volume-title":"Best Practice Guideline\nfor the Forensic Examination of Fibers","author":"European Network of Forensic\nScience Institute","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit3","volume-title":"Forensic\nFiber Examination Guideline, Introduction\nto Forensic Fiber Examination","author":"Federal\nBureau of Investigation","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit4","volume-title":"Standard Guide for Microscopical Examination\nof Textile\nFibers","author":"ASTM","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9418(98)00098-1","article-title":"Comparison of two\nmodern infrared spectroscopic methods for the determination of orientation\nin drawn bulk polymers","volume":"19","author":"Schmidt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Polym. Test."},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S1355-0306(01)71861-8","article-title":"Microspectrophotometric\ndiscrimination of single fibers dyed by indigo and its derivatives\nusing ultraviolet-visible transmittance spectra","volume":"41","author":"Suzuki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sci. Justice"},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forc.2016.11.001","article-title":"Microspectrophotometric\nanalysis of yellow polyester fiber dye loadings with chemometric techniques","volume":"3","author":"Reichard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Forensic Chem."},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11335","DOI":"10.1021\/ac402173e","article-title":"Identification\nof dyes on singe textile fibers by HPLC-DAD-MA","volume":"85","author":"Carey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal. 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Int."},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1039\/c0ay00115e","article-title":"Polymers on\nthe crime scene: How can analytical chemistry help to exploit the\ninformation from these mute witness? critical review","volume":"2","author":"Causin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anal. Methods"},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1002\/pat.3540","article-title":"Forensic comparison of synthetic fibers, review","volume":"26","author":"Farah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Polym. Adv. Technol."},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit13","unstructured":"Japan Chemical Fibers Association\n          . 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Honors Theses, Belmont University, 2021."},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/app.1987.070330215","article-title":"Studies\non modification of polyester\nfibers. I: Alkaline hydrolysis","volume":"33","author":"Dave","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym.\nSci."},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1177\/004051759306300606","article-title":"Effect of heat-setting\ntemperature on alkali hydrolysis\nof poly\u00ad(ethylene terephthalate) fibers","volume":"63","author":"Niu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Textile\nRes. J."},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.143170","article-title":"UV degradation\nof\nnatural and synthetic microfibers caused fragmentation and release\nof polymer degradation products and chemical additives","volume":"755","author":"Sorensen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. 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Chem."},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2018.03.043","article-title":"Predictive durability\nof polyethylene terephthalate\ntoward hydrolysis over large temperature and relative humidity ranges","volume":"142","author":"Dubelley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymdegradstab.2019.01.021","article-title":"Impact of hydrolysis\ndegradation on mechanical properties of PET\ue5f8Towards an understanding\nof microplastic formation","volume":"161","author":"Arhant","year":"2019","journal-title":"Polym. Degrad. Stab."},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2537","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-5405-7","article-title":"The washout effect\nduring laundry on benzothiazole, benzotriazole, quinoline, and their\nderivatives in clothing textiles","volume":"23","author":"Luongo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Sci.\nPollut. Res."},{"key":"2026081709220538200_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2005.06.034","article-title":"Flow-induced shish-kebab\nprecursor structures in entangled polymer melts","volume":"46","author":"Somani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Polymer"}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.2c04446","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/7\/43\/38789\/4182634\/ao2c04446.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/7\/43\/38789\/4182634\/ao2c04446.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T13:22:14Z","timestamp":1786972934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/7\/43\/38789\/414043\/Effects-of-Machine-Washing-on-the-Chromatography"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"43","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.2c04446","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]]}}}