{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T12:08:04Z","timestamp":1788264484077,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"42","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006191","name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi \u00dcniversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018\/15038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\/15038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although metallic implants provide most of the required properties for bone-related applications, especially orthopedic implants, insufficient osseointegration, which may lead to loosening of the implant or prolonged healing time, is still an issue to be resolved. Osseointegration can be improved via application of various surface treatments on the metal surface. The current study focuses on a novel surface microdeformation method, which enables the formation of controlled surface patterns of various parameters. With this purpose, a surface microdeformation procedure was applied on 316L stainless steel surfaces, forming four different patterns which affected various surface parameters such as roughness, surface energy, dislocation activities close to the surface, and wettability. Static immersion tests in a simulated body fluid (SBF) environment showed that modifying the surface parameters via controlled surface patterning promoted the formation of a stable oxide layer and calcium-phosphate (CaP) deposition on the metal surfaces, improving bioactivity. Moreover, the higher amount of CaP deposition and oxide layer formation on the modified surfaces led to reduced ion release, which contributed to improved corrosion resistance. Finally, the effect of the formed surface patterns on antibiofilm formation was investigated via incubation with C. albicans for 24 h, which exhibited that microdeformation patterns remarkably inhibited the biofilm formation. Throughout the experiments, certain patterns yielded outstanding results among the four patterns formed. Overall, it was concluded that forming controlled patterns on stainless steel surfaces via surface microdeformation significantly contributed to the metal\u2019s biocompatibility via improving bioactivity, corrosion resistance, and antibiofilm formation properties. Especially, the specific surface properties such as increased surface energy, high surface roughness, and dislocation density close to the metal surface as well as increased hydrophilicity obtained via forming the pattern with relatively deeper and narrowly spaced indents yielded the most promising outcomes. These methodologies constitute novel approaches to be used while designing new methodologies for the surface modification of metallic implant materials for improved osseointegration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.4c07185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T07:34:19Z","timestamp":1728545659000},"page":"43138-43155","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Improving the Bioactivity\nand Antibiofilm Properties\nof Metallic Implant Materials via Controlled Surface Microdeformation"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Furkan","family":"Bic\u0327er","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Tu\u0308rkiye, 26040"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0762-242X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"S\u0131d\u0131ka Mine","family":"Toker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Tu\u0308rkiye, 26040"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merve Nur","family":"Soykan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre (ESTEM) Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Tu\u0308rkiye, 26040"]},{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Tu\u0308rkiye, 26040"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Burcu","family":"Tu\u0308rk Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Tu\u0308rkiye, 26040"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bu\u0308kay","family":"Yenice Gu\u0308rsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Tu\u0308rkiye, 26040"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onur","family":"Uysal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre (ESTEM) Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Tu\u0308rkiye, 26040"]},{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Tu\u0308rkiye, 26040"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2026081412141243000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-017-1586-4","article-title":"Effects of\nMicrostructural Mechanisms on the Localized Oxidation Behavior of\nNi-Ti Shape Memory Alloys in Simulated Body Fluid","volume":"53","author":"Toker","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081412141243000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.21541\/apjes.461169","article-title":"Effects\nof Surface Characteristics on the In-Vitro Biocompatibility Response\nof NiTi Shape Memory Alloys","volume":"7","author":"Toker","year":"2019","journal-title":"APJES"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081412141243000_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2013.11.040","article-title":"Evaluation of Passive\nOxide Layer Formation-Biocompatibility Relationship in Ni-Ti Shape\nMemory Alloys: Geometry and Body Location Dependency","volume":"36","author":"Toker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng., C"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081412141243000_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-021-06503-z","article-title":"In-Vitro Contact\nGuidance of Glioblastoma Cells on Metallic Biomaterials","volume":"32","author":"Uzer-Y\u0131lmaz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2016.01.001","article-title":"An Exploration\nof Plastic Deformation Dependence of Cell Viability and Adhesion in\nMetallic Implant Materials","volume":"60","author":"Uzer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mech Behav Biomed\nMater."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3389\/fmats.2020.00099","article-title":"Modulating\nthe Surface Properties of Metallic Implants and the Response of Breast\nCancer Cells by Surface Relief Induced via Bulk Plastic Deformation","volume":"7","author":"Uzer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Mater."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mser.2014.10.001","article-title":"Metallic Implant\nBiomaterials","volume-title":"Materials Science and Engineering\nR: Reports","author":"Chen","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-31170-3_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Metallic\nBiomaterials","author":"Hermawan","year":"2012"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081412141243000_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2013.07.015","article-title":"Laser Surface Modification\nof 316L Stainless Steel with Bioactive Hydroxyapatite","volume":"33","author":"Balla","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng., C"},{"issue":"6\u20138","key":"2026081412141243000_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2004.08.018","article-title":"Metal Ion\nRelease from Metal Implants","volume":"24","author":"Hanawa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng.,\nC"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081412141243000_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibiod.2009.09.012","article-title":"Biodegradation of Metallic\nSurgical\nImplants Investigated Using an Ultrasound-Assisted Process Combined\nwith ICP-OES and XRD","volume":"64","author":"Lesniewicz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. Biodeterior Biodegradation"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2022.110653","article-title":"A Review of Techniques for the Application of Bioactive\nCoatings on Metal-Based Implants to Achieve Controlled Release of\nActive Ingredients","volume":"217","author":"Kravanja","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Des"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2022.105195","article-title":"Preparation,\nCorrosion\nBehavior and Biocompatibility of MgFe-Layered Double Hydroxides and\nCalcium Hydroxyapatite Composite Films on 316L Stainless Steel","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater. Today Commun."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S79996","article-title":"Tribological\nand Corrosion Behaviors of Warm- and Hot-Rolled Ti-13Nb-13Zr Alloys\nin Simulated Body Fluid Conditions","author":"Manivasagam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J.\nNanomedicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081412141243000_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2774","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14112774","article-title":"In-Depth Comparative Assessment of\nDifferent Metallic Biomaterials\nin Simulated Body Fluid","volume":"14","author":"Mirea","year":"2021","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2022.127139","article-title":"Influence\nof Chemical Etchings on Surface Properties, in-Vitro Degradation and\nIon Releases of 316l Stainless Steel Alloy for Biomedical Applications","volume":"295","author":"Say","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater. Chem. Phys."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081412141243000_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2007.12.002","article-title":"Osteoblastic Cell Behaviour on Different\nTitanium Implant Surfaces","volume":"4","author":"Le\nGuehennec","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmrt.2022.06.135","article-title":"Surface Enhancement of Ti-6Al-4V Fabricated by Selective\nLaser Melting on Bone-like Apatite Formation","volume":"19","author":"Aufa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mater. Res. Technol."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081412141243000_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12208","DOI":"10.20964\/2018.12.30","article-title":"Investigation\non Microstructure, Surface and Corrosion Characteristics of Heat Treated\nAISI 420 Martensitic Stainless Steel Laser Welds in Simulated Body\nFluid (SBF)","volume":"13","author":"Ko\u0308se","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Electrochem Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081412141243000_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2010.03.030","article-title":"The Effect of Surface Treatment on CaP Deposition of Ti6Al4V Open\nCell Foams in SBF Solution","volume":"36","author":"Turkan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2017.07.039","article-title":"Characterization\nand Bioactivity of Hydroxyapatite-Based Coatings Formed on Steel by\nElectro-Spark Deposition and Micro-Arc Oxidation","volume":"326","author":"Durdu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surf. Coat. Technol."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026081412141243000_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2020.07.005","article-title":"Hydroxyapatite\/Hydroxyapatite-Magnesium\nDouble-Layer Coatings as Potential Candidates for Surface Modification\nof 316 LVM Stainless Steel Implants","volume":"46","author":"Rezaei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ceram.\nInt."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coche.2016.11.005","article-title":"Biomimetic\nCoating Technology for Orthopedic Implants","volume":"15","author":"Koju","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin Chem. Eng."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.10101","article-title":"Effect of\nGrooved Titanium Substratum on Human Osteoblastic Cell Growth","volume":"60","author":"Anselme","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biomed Mater. Res."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00126.x","article-title":"Biomimetic\nHydroxyapatite Coating on Metal Implants","volume":"85","author":"Habibovic","year":"2002","journal-title":"J.\nAm. Ceram. Soc."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081412141243000_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2022.12.169","article-title":"The Influence of Heat Treatment on\nthe Bioactivity\nof ZrO2 Coatings and Corrosion Resistance of 316L Steel in SBF Solution","volume":"49","author":"Mazur-Nowacka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081412141243000_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2011.02.021","article-title":"Metallic Ions\nReleased from Stainless Steel, Nickel-Free, and Titanium Orthodontic\nAlloys: Toxicity and DNA Damage","volume":"140","author":"Ortiz","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Journal\nof Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2018.04.060","article-title":"Fabrication and\nBiological Properties of Calcium Phosphate\/Chitosan\nComposite Coating on Titanium in Modified SBF","volume":"90","author":"Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng., C"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2016.03.088","article-title":"Galvanic Deposition\nand Characterization\nof Brushite\/Hydroxyapatite Coatings on 316L Stainless Steel","volume":"64","author":"Blanda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.111533","article-title":"Solution Combustion\nSynthesis (SCS) of Theranostic Ions Doped Biphasic Calcium Phosphates;\nKinetic of Ions Release in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) and Reactive\nOxygen Species (ROS) Generation","volume":"118","author":"Kermani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Sci.\nEng., C"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2021.124896","article-title":"Micro\/Nano-Structured\nTitanium Surfaces Modified by NaOH-CaCl2-Heat-Water Treatment: Biomimetic\nCalcium Phosphate Deposition and HMSCs Behavior","volume":"272","author":"Kr\u030cenek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Chem. Phys."},{"issue":"16\u201317","key":"2026081412141243000_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2005.05.005","article-title":"Metal Ion Release from TiN Coated\nCoCrMo Orthopedic Implant Material","volume":"200","author":"Tu\u0308rkan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Surf. Coat.\nTechnol."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.111320","article-title":"Bioactivity in SBF versus Trace Element\nEffects: The Isolated Role of Mg2+ and Zn2+ in Osteoblast Behavior","volume":"118","author":"de\nAraujo Bastos Santana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng., C"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2022.107504","article-title":"An Insight into the Effect Surface Morphology, Processing,\nand Lubricating Conditions on Tribological Properties of Ti6Al4V and\nUHMWPE Pairs","volume":"170","author":"Leksycki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tribol Int."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081412141243000_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2010.01.008","article-title":"Influence of Surface\nTopography and Pore Architecture\nof Alkali-Treated Titanium on in Vitro Apatite Deposition","volume":"256","author":"Ravelingien","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"issue":"s1","key":"2026081412141243000_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S155","DOI":"10.3233\/BME-151301","article-title":"Effect of Surface Roughness\non the Initial Response of MC3T3-E1 Cells Cultured on Polished Titanium\nAlloy","volume":"26","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Mater. Eng."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2019.126571","article-title":"Fabrication of Porous Micro-Nanostructured\nNetworks on Ti6Al4V for Faster Hydroxyapatite Deposition in SBF","volume":"256","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2022.103311","article-title":"A Review on the Antimicrobial and\nAntibiofilm Activity of Doped Hydroxyapatite and Its Composites for\nBiomedical Applications","volume":"31","author":"Ghosh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Today Commun."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.2.255-267.2004","article-title":"Candida\nInfections of Medical Devices","volume":"17","author":"Kojic","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol\nRev."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081412141243000_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.107","article-title":"Development and\nRegulation of Single- and Multi-Species Candida Albicans Biofilms","volume":"16","author":"Lohse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081412141243000_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-091014-104330","article-title":"Candida\nAlbicans Biofilms and Human\nDisease","volume":"69","author":"Nobile","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-50409-4","volume-title":"Candida Albicans: Cellular\nand Molecular Biology","author":"Prasad","year":"2017","edition":"2"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081412141243000_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6023","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.10.6023-6031.2004","article-title":"Development and Characterization of an in Vivo Central\nVenous Catheter Candida Albicans Biofilm Model","volume":"72","author":"Andes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081412141243000_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ram.2022.08.003","article-title":"Candida Albicans\nthe Main Opportunistic Pathogenic Fungus in Humans","volume":"55","author":"Macias-Paz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev. Argent Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081412141243000_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2018.e01067","article-title":"Bacterial\nBiofilm Formation on Implantable Devices and Approaches to Its Treatment\nand Prevention","volume":"4","author":"Khatoon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081412141243000_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings11030294","article-title":"Novel Approaches to Combat Medical\nDevice-Associated BioFilms","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Coatings"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081412141243000_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2017.11.083","article-title":"Development\nof Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Laser Textured 316 LSS and Ti-6Al-4V\nand Its Electrochemical Behavior in SBF Solution for Orthopedic Applications","volume":"44","author":"Stango","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081412141243000_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2010.05.008","article-title":"Advancing\nNanograined\/Ultrafine-Grained Structures for Metal Implant Technology:\nInterplay between Grooving of Nano\/Ultrafine Grains and Cellular Response","volume":"30","author":"Venkatsurya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng., C"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2021.127868","article-title":"Cu-Bearing 316L Stainless\nSteel Coatings\nProduced by Laser Melting Deposition: Microstructure and Corrosion\nBehavior in Simulated Body Fluids","volume":"428","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surf. Coat.\nTechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081412141243000_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.26701\/ems.820904","article-title":"A Preliminary\nInvestigation of Surface Micro Modification Effects on the Biocompatibility\nof 316L Stainless Steel","volume":"5","author":"Toker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Mech Sci."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2023.107273","article-title":"Effects of Surface Micro-Deformation on the Cellular\nResponse to Metallic Implant Materials","volume":"37","author":"Bic\u0327er","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater.\nToday Commun."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081412141243000_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3147","DOI":"10.1007\/s11665-013-0590-3","article-title":"Biocompatibly Coated\n304 Stainless Steel as Superior\nCorrosion-Resistant Implant Material to 316L Steel","volume":"22","author":"Paul","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mater. Eng. Perform"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JMSM.0000046388.07961.81","article-title":"Bonelike Apatite Formation on Niobium\nMetal Treated in Aqueous NaOH","volume":"15","author":"Godley","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci.\nMater. Med."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.30544\/384","article-title":"Corrosion Study of Metallic Biomaterials\nin Simulated Body Fluid. Metall","volume":"17","author":"Reza\nAsgari Bidhendi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mater. Eng."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.2339\/politeknik.1087415","article-title":"Biomimetic Coating\nof 316L Stainless Steel with Microdeformation Areas on The Surface","volume":"26","author":"Sar\u0131kayak","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Polytech"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026081412141243000_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3585","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(03)00188-1","article-title":"Ion Release\nfrom NiTi Orthodontic\nWires in Artificial Saliva with Various Acidities","volume":"24","author":"Huang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2018.03.233","article-title":"Surface Characterisation\nand Corrosion Behaviour of\nOxide Layer for SLMed-316L Stainless Steel","volume":"748","author":"Harun","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cotox.2019.10.004","article-title":"Threshold\nin the Toxicology of Metals:\nChallenges and Pitfalls of the Concept","volume":"19","author":"Moulis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr.\nOpin Toxicol"},{"issue":"23","key":"2026081412141243000_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2021.08.248","article-title":"Incorporation of ZnO-ZrO2 Nanoparticles into TiO2 Coatings\nObtained by PEO on Ti-6Al-4V Substrate and Evaluation of Its Corrosion\nBehavior, Microstructural and Antibacterial Effects Exposed to SBF\nSolution","volume":"47","author":"Nadimi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081412141243000_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.2339\/politeknik.682062","article-title":"Investigation of In-Vitro Properties\nof NiTi Alloy after Micro Arc Oxidation","volume":"24","author":"S\u0327u\u0308ku\u0308rog\u0306lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Politeknik\nDergisi"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2022.105227","article-title":"Toxicity Assessment and Health Hazard\nClassification\nof Stainless Steels","volume":"133","author":"Taxell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081412141243000_cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2013.01.018","article-title":"Controlling\nthe Electrodeposition,\nMorphology and Structure of Hydroxyapatite Coating on 316L Stainless\nSteel","volume":"33","author":"Thanh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng., C"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081412141243000_cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2357","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-008-9617-0","article-title":"Organic-Inorganic\nSurface Modifications for Titanium Implant Surfaces","volume":"25","author":"de\nJonge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17341\/gazimmfd.416510","article-title":"Interaction of Anodized Ti6Al7Nb\nwith Simulated Body Fluid","author":"Ercan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gazi Univ Muh Mim\nFak Derg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081412141243000_cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2455","DOI":"10.29130\/dubited.707023","article-title":"Interaction\nof Surface Modified 316L Stainless Steel via Microdeformation with\nSimulated Body Fluid","volume":"8","author":"Toker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Du\u0308zce Unv Bilim\nTeknol Derg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081412141243000_cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2020.01.001","article-title":"Early Adherence and Biofilm Formation of Cutibacterium Acnes (Formerly\nPropionibacterium Acnes) on Spinal Implant Materials","volume":"20","author":"Garcia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2015.03.024","article-title":"Wettability Studies of Topologically\nDistinct Titanium\nSurfaces","volume":"129","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081412141243000_cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(03)00559-3","article-title":"Biomimetic and Electrolytic\nCalcium Phosphate Coatings on Titanium Alloy: Physicochemical Characteristics\nand Cell Attachment","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081412141243000_cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1017\/S088571561500038X","article-title":"Interlaboratory\nStudy on the Quantification of Calcium Phosphate Phases by Rietveld\nRefinement","volume":"30","author":"Do\u0308belin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Powder Diffr"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081412141243000_cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13569","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms131013569","article-title":"The Properties of\nSintered Calcium Phosphate with [Ca]\/[P] = 1.50","volume":"13","author":"Hung","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17341\/gummfd.56523","article-title":"Biomimetic\nCalcium Phosphate Coating\nof Titanium Alloy","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gazi Univ Muh Mim Fak Derg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081412141243000_cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.04.045","article-title":"Systemic\nLevels of Metallic Ions Released from Orthodontic Mini-Implants","volume":"135","author":"de\nMorais","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2017.01.041","article-title":"Release of Metal Ions from Nano CoCrMo\nWear Debris Generated from Tribo-Corrosion Processes in Artificial\nHip Implants","volume":"68","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mech Behav Biomed Mater."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026081412141243000_cit74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.16.01568","article-title":"Blood Metal Ion\nThresholds to Identify\nPatients with Metal-on-Metal Hip Implants at Risk of Adverse Reactions\nto Metal Debris","volume":"99","author":"Matharu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Bone and Joint Surg"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00205","article-title":"Adhesion, Biofilm Formation, Cell\nSurface Hydrophobicity, and Antifungal Planktonic Susceptibility:\nRelationship among Candida Spp","volume":"6","author":"Silva-Dias","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2026081412141243000_cit76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2014.00112","article-title":"How Microorganisms\nUse Hydrophobicity and What Does\nThis Mean for Human Needs?","volume":"4","author":"Krasowska","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect\nMicrobiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081412141243000_cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.2478\/s11535-013-0136-y","article-title":"Role of Cell\nSurface Hydrophobicity\nin Candida Albicans Biofilm","volume":"8","author":"Bujda\u0301kova\u0301","year":"2013","journal-title":"Open Life Sci."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.4c07185","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/9\/42\/43138\/4116664\/ao4c07185.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/9\/42\/43138\/4116664\/ao4c07185.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T16:26:29Z","timestamp":1786724789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/9\/42\/43138\/409825\/Improving-the-Bioactivity-and-Antibiofilm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"42","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.4c07185","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]]}}}