{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:35:08Z","timestamp":1793147708199,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"28","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["IIRP-2023-1921\/F1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIRP-2023-1921\/F1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study exploited the water repelling hydrophobic nature of polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers for efficient filtration of water-based fluids toward development of an affordable sterile membrane filter by the process of electrospinning. Electrospun (ES) nanosized fibrous membranes of different thicknesses presented high force at break and minimal elongation supported syringe filtration. The membrane hydrophobicity facilitated easy filtration of small volumes of biological fluids (\u223c1 mL) without any wetting media loss. Compared to commercial filters, the developed electrospun PCL membrane filter (EPF) device exhibited excellent bacterial filtration without compromising the media quality. Electron microscopy analysis revealed bacterial entrapment onto PCL nanofibers that are in direct contact with the contaminated media. Mechanistically, an EPF with \u223c0.8 mm thickness and high porosity created sinusoidal channels of different diameters that could effectively retard bacterial movement for the efficient filtration of up to 50 mL of contaminated biological media. Despite being hydrophobic, the PCL nanofiber filter had low protein binding, and its filtration quality was similar to commercial controls, assessed by cell viability assays. Thus, the EPF device can be an alternate filter sterilization platform for medical applications without compromising the filtrate\u2019s quality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.4c09933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T23:36:05Z","timestamp":1752104165000},"page":"29992-30001","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Low Protein Binding\nElectrospun Membrane Filter\nfor Efficient Biological Media Sterilization"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Azneeta","family":"Azeez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , , Ponekkara, , ,","place":["Kochi, Kerala, India, 682024"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reeshma P","family":"Varrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , , Ponekkara, , ,","place":["Kochi, Kerala, India, 682024"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irin Ann","family":"Varughese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , , Ponekkara, , ,","place":["Kochi, Kerala, India, 682024"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4178-1176","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Reshmi Chandran","family":"Rema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , , Ponekkara, , ,","place":["Kochi, Kerala, India, 682024"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2772-2276","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Deepthy","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , , Ponekkara, , ,","place":["Kochi, Kerala, India, 682024"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9704-4779","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Krishnakumar N","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , , Ponekkara, , ,","place":["Kochi, Kerala, India, 682024"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.136404","article-title":"Recent advances in\nsterilization and disinfection technology: A review","volume":"308","author":"Bharti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13071073","article-title":"Polymeric\nmaterials used for immobilisation\nof bacteria for the bioremediation of contaminants in water","volume":"13","author":"Berillo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes12050524","article-title":"Comparative Evaluation of the Performance\nof Sterile Filters for Bioburden Protection and Final Fill in Biopharmaceutical\nProcesses","volume":"12","author":"Na","year":"2022","journal-title":"Membranes"},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3319","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.24561","article-title":"Sterile Filtration\nof Highly Concentrated Protein Formulations: Impact of Protein Concentration,\nFormulation Composition, and Filter Material","volume":"104","author":"Allmendinger","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2022.121445","article-title":"Bio-based materials with special wettability for oil-water separation","volume":"297","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1080\/21870764.2020.1868080","article-title":"Design and characterization of ceramic hollow fiber\nmembrane derived from waste ash using phase inversion-based extrusion\/sintering\ntechnique for water filtration","volume":"9","author":"Tai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Asian Ceram.\nSoc."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4487(01)00228-1","article-title":"Track etching\ntechnique in membrane technology","volume":"34","author":"Apel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Radiat. Meas."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.3103\/S1063455X22060145","article-title":"Phenylalanine\nSelf-Assembled Nanotubes Intercalated\nSol-Gel Silica Membrane for Synergetic Removal of Harmful Chromium\nand Dye Particles\ue5f8Assembling, Probing and Novel Photocatalytic\nRecycling","volume":"44","author":"Sivanathan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Water Chem. Technol."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.14716\/ijtech.v12i2.4173","article-title":"Fabrication of Nanofiltration\nMembrane based on Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibers Reinforced with Cellulose\nNanocrystal using Electrospinning Techniques","volume":"12","author":"Rochardjo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Technol."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.202101519","article-title":"Fabrication of SiNx Nanopore Filters\nUsing Combined Process of Nanoimprint and Dual-Side Aligned Photolithography\nfor Purified Cs3MnBr5 Green Phosphors","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv.\nMater. Technol."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-023-00278-z","article-title":"Electrospinning\nof nanofibres","volume":"4","author":"Ji","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Methods Prim."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5298","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.8b00593","article-title":"Electrospinning and electrospun nanofibers:\nMethods, materials, and applications","volume":"119","author":"Xue","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem.\nRev."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2024.102161","article-title":"Electrospun nanofiber\nas building blocks for high-performance air filter: A review","volume":"55","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nano Today."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2023.124952","article-title":"Multifunctional electrospun\nnanofibrous membrane: An effective method for water purification","volume":"327","author":"Cao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.3390\/polym10121387","article-title":"Electrospun\npolycaprolactone nanofibers as a reaction membrane for lateral flow\nassay","volume":"10","author":"Yew","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.06.020","article-title":"Bacteria immobilized\nelectrospun polycaprolactone and polylactic acid fibrous webs for\nremediation of textile dyes in water","volume":"184","author":"Sarioglu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chemosphere."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2014.09.033","article-title":"A review on\nelectrospinning for membrane\nfabrication: Challenges and applications","volume":"356","author":"Ahmed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Desalination."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1080\/09205063.2013.859872","article-title":"PCL-gelatin\ncomposite nanofibers\nelectrospun using diluted acetic acid-ethyl acetate solvent system\nfor stem cell-based bone tissue engineering","volume":"25","author":"Binulal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2009.0242","article-title":"Role of nanofibrous\npoly\u00ad(caprolactone) scaffolds in human mesenchymal stem cell attachment\nand spreading for in vitro bone tissue engineering-response to osteogenic\nregulators","volume":"16","author":"Binulal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. - Part A"},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.34172\/apb.2022.070","article-title":"Electrospun\nPolycaprolactone Nanofibers: Current Research and Applications in\nBiomedical Application","volume":"12","author":"Azari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2022.129969","article-title":"Preparation of poly\u00ad(\u03b5-caprolactone)\nnanofibrous mats incorporating graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle\nhybrid composite by electrospinning method for potential antibacterial\napplications","volume":"653","author":"Sar\u0131ipek","year":"2022","journal-title":"Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem.\nEng. Asp."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5364","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14245364","article-title":"Electrospun Polycaprolactone\/ZnO\nNanocomposite Membranes with High Antipathogen Activity","volume":"14","author":"Permyakova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2023.116709","article-title":"Fabrication and\ncharacterisation\nof polycaprolactone\/gelatin\/chitosan (PCL\/GEL\/CHI) electrospun nano-membranes\nfor wastewater purification","volume":"563","author":"Baburaj","year":"2023","journal-title":"Desalination."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.3390\/chemengineering7060104","article-title":"Polycaprolactone Composites\/Blends\nand Their Applications\nEspecially in Water Treatment","volume":"7","author":"Kayan","year":"2023","journal-title":"ChemEngineering."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16050674","article-title":"Electrospun PCL Filtration\nMembranes Enhanced with an Electrosprayed Lignin Coating to Control\nWettability and Anti-Bacterial Properties","author":"Bergamasco","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s41204-021-00116-1","article-title":"Electrospun\nnanofibrous membrane for filtration of coconut neera, Nanotechnol","volume":"6","author":"Leena","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Eng."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49207","DOI":"10.1002\/app.49207","article-title":"Fabrication\nof polycaprolactone\nnanofibrous membrane-embedded microfluidic device for water filtration","volume":"137","author":"Qasim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4839","DOI":"10.1021\/acsapm.2c00440","article-title":"Nanofibrous Facemasks\nwith Curcumin for Improved Bacterial\/Particulate Filtration and Biocidal\nActivity","volume":"4","author":"Chandran\nRema","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Polym. Mater."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-60710-2","article-title":"Substrate Specific Inhibitor Designed\nagainst the Immunomodulator\nGMF-beta Reversed the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis","volume":"10","author":"Vattathara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.002","article-title":"Expression and Purification\nof Quinine Dihydro Pteridine Reductase from astrocytes and its significance\nin the astrocyte pathology","volume":"110","author":"Chandrashekaran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13060916","article-title":"Electrospun membranes\nas a porous barrier for molecular transport:\nMembrane characterization and release assessment","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2024.137043","article-title":"Engineering nano-thin\nelectrospun coatings for air filters with high filtration and breathability\nby nanofiber charge control","volume":"373","author":"Reshmi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2022.121093","article-title":"Morphology\nengineering processed nanofibrous membranes with secondary structure\nfor high-performance air filtration","volume":"294","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sep. Purif.\nTechnol."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1002\/adv.21861","article-title":"Protein adsorption\nand cell behaviors on polycaprolactone film: The effect of surface\ntopography","volume":"37","author":"Khampieng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Polym. Technol."},{"key":"2026081812222610000_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1007\/s13738-014-0569-5","article-title":"Nanofiber protein adsorption\naffected by electrospinning physical processing parameters","volume":"12","author":"Asadian","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Iran. Chem. Soc."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.4c09933","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/10\/28\/29992\/40844157\/ao4c09933.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/10\/28\/29992\/40844157\/ao4c09933.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T18:22:03Z","timestamp":1787077323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/10\/28\/29992\/3655055\/A-Low-Protein-Binding-Electrospun-Membrane-Filter"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"28","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.4c09933","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]}}}