{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T22:28:14Z","timestamp":1793399294888,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21H03843"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21H03843"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP23300193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23300193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP24K03314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24K03314"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001863","name":"New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["04A05010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04A05010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001863","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Microbubbles (MBs) and nanobubbles (NBs) can oscillate and collapse in response to ultrasound exposure, resulting in contrast and delivery effects. Therefore, the retention of the entrapped gas is an important condition in bubble formulations, especially for MBs and NBs with lipid shells, and the stability of the lipid membrane is considered to be affected. We previously developed NBs, which are polyethylene glycol-modified liposomes entrapping an ultrasound contrast gas that can serve as nucleic acid carriers and ultrasound contrast agents. In particular, NBs containing cationic lipids were useful as systemic delivery tools that can load genes and nucleic acids on their surfaces. However, the gas retention of NBs containing cationic lipids were low, leaving room for improvement as ultrasound contrast agents. In this study, we attempted to prepare NBs containing anionic lipids to improve their stability in vivo, and found that they lasted longer in contrast time than previous NBs. In order to utilize anionic NBs, we evaluated their usefulness as systemic delivery tools for cationic-peptide-conjugated phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMO). PMO has attracted attention as a therapeutic agent for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD); however, its charge neutrality makes its delivery into muscle fibers challenging, especially more difficult to apply PMO to myocardial damage. We examined the systemic delivery of PMO to the heart using a combination of anionic NBs and ultrasound. Furthermore, we evaluated the usability of octaarginine (R8), a cationic cell-penetrating peptide (CPP), in loading PMO onto the surface of NBs and verified the potential of PMO-loaded NBs as a therapy for cardiac dysfunction in muscular dystrophy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.4c10896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T21:21:36Z","timestamp":1740691296000},"page":"9639-9648","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Phosphorodiamidate\nMorpholino Oligomers-Loaded Nanobubbles\nfor Ultrasound-Mediated Delivery to the Myocardium in Muscular Dystrophy"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6881-6044","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yoko","family":"Endo-Takahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , , 1432-1 Horinouchi , , ,","place":["Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan, 192-0392"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akane","family":"Sakurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , , 1432-1 Horinouchi , , ,","place":["Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan, 192-0392"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Oguri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , , 1432-1 Horinouchi , , ,","place":["Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan, 192-0392"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumihiko","family":"Katagiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , , 1432-1 Horinouchi , , ,","place":["Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan, 192-0392"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saki","family":"Akiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , , 1432-1 Horinouchi , , ,","place":["Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan, 192-0392"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanae","family":"Sashida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , , 1432-1 Horinouchi , , ,","place":["Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan, 192-0392"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4453-061X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Taiki","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , , 1432-1 Horinouchi , , ,","place":["Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan, 192-0392"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuro","family":"Marunouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , , 1432-1 Horinouchi , , ,","place":["Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan, 192-0392"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6614-4486","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ryo","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teikyo University , , 2-11-1 Kaga , , ,","place":["Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8605"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Maruyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teikyo University , , 2-11-1 Kaga , , ,","place":["Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 173-8605"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kouichi","family":"Tanonaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , , 1432-1 Horinouchi , , ,","place":["Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan, 192-0392"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2264-2907","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Motoyoshi","family":"Nomizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , , 1432-1 Horinouchi , , ,","place":["Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan, 192-0392"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4364-8694","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yoichi","family":"Negishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences , , 1432-1 Horinouchi , , ,","place":["Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan, 192-0392"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8175.2001.00355.x","article-title":"Gene Delivery Using\nUltrasound Contrast Agents","volume":"18","author":"Unger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2008.03.005","article-title":"Microbubbles in\nUltrasound-Triggered Drug and Gene\nDelivery","volume":"60","author":"Hernot","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv. 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Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00909","article-title":"Development\nof Cationic Lipid LAH4-L1 SiRNA Complexes for Focused Ultrasound Enhanced\nTumor Uptake","volume":"20","author":"Abuhelal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.3390\/nano14030285","article-title":"Intracranial\nGene Delivery Mediated by Albumin-Based Nanobubbles and Low-Frequency\nUltrasound","volume":"14","author":"Koga","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2024.01.039","article-title":"A Combination of PD-L1-Targeted IL-15\nMRNA Nanotherapy and Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Destruction for\nTumor Immunotherapy","volume":"367","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Controlled Release"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202306139","article-title":"MRNA Sonotransfection of Tumors with\nPolymeric Microbubbles:\nCo-Formulation versus Co-Administration","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv.\nSci."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crmeth.2024.100719","article-title":"Focused Ultrasound-Mediated Delivery\nof Viral Neuronal Tracers in\nMarmosets","volume":"4","author":"Owusu-Yaw","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Methods"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)01244-1","article-title":"Induction of Cell-Membrane Porosity by Ultrasound","volume":"353","author":"Tachibana","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s007950100022","article-title":"High-Resolution Scanning Electron\nMicroscopic Evaluation of Cell-Membrane Porosity by Ultrasound","volume":"34","author":"Ogawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Med. Electron Microsc."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2013.11.008","article-title":"Understanding\nUltrasound Induced Sonoporation: Definitions and Underlying Mechanisms","volume":"72","author":"Lentacker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Delivery Rev."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcb.8b09391","article-title":"Molecular Mechanism of the Cell Membrane\nPore Formation Induced by Bubble Stable Cavitation","volume":"123","author":"Man","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.21173","article-title":"Echogenic Liposome Compositions for\nIncreased Retention\nof Ultrasound Reflectivity at Physiologic Temperature","volume":"97","author":"Buchanan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.1142","article-title":"Improving\nUltrasound Reflectivity and Stability of Echogenic Liposomal Dispersions\nfor Use as Targeted Ultrasound Contrast Agents","volume":"90","author":"Huang","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2006.09.008","article-title":"Gene Delivery\nby Combination of Novel Liposomal Bubbles with Perfluoropropane and\nUltrasound","volume":"117","author":"Suzuki","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Controlled Release"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2007.08.025","article-title":"Tumor Specific Ultrasound Enhanced\nGene Transfer in\nVivo with Novel Liposomal Bubbles","volume":"125","author":"Suzuki","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Controlled\nRelease"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2007.10.034","article-title":"Effective\nGene Delivery with Novel Liposomal Bubbles and Ultrasonic Destruction\nTechnology","volume":"354","author":"Suzuki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2008.08.019","article-title":"Delivery of\nSiRNA into\nthe Cytoplasm by Liposomal Bubbles and Ultrasound","volume":"132","author":"Negishi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Controlled Release"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-010-0286-4","article-title":"Delivery of\nan Angiogenic Gene into Ischemic Muscle by Novel Bubble Liposomes\nFollowed by Ultrasound Exposure","volume":"28","author":"Negishi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203986","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/203986","article-title":"Local Gene\nDelivery\nSystem by Bubble Liposomes and Ultrasound Exposure into Joint Synovium","volume":"2011","author":"Negishi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1021\/mp4004755","article-title":"Bubble Liposomes\nand Ultrasound Exposure Improve Localized Morpholino Oligomer Delivery\ninto the Skeletal Muscles of Dystrophic Mdx Mice","volume":"11","author":"Negishi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2011.11.023","article-title":"Efficient SiRNA Delivery\nUsing Novel SiRNA-Loaded Bubble\nLiposomes and Ultrasound","volume":"422","author":"Endo-Takahashi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1021\/mp200554c","article-title":"Systemic Delivery Systems\nof Angiogenic Gene by Novel Bubble Liposomes Containing Cationic Lipid\nand Ultrasound Exposure","volume":"9","author":"Negishi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.12.018","article-title":"PDNA-Loaded Bubble Liposomes as Potential\nUltrasound Imaging and Gene Delivery Agents","volume":"34","author":"Endo-Takahashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3883","DOI":"10.1038\/srep03883","article-title":"Systemic Delivery of MiR-126 by MiRNA-Loaded\nBubble Liposomes for the Treatment of Hindlimb Ischemia","volume":"4","author":"Endo-Takahashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-012-0864-8","article-title":"Optimization of Acoustic\nLiposomes for Improved in\nVitro and in Vivo Stability","volume":"30","author":"Sax","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(87)90579-4","article-title":"Dystrophin: The\nProtein Product of\nthe Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Locus","volume":"51","author":"Hoffman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15061665","article-title":"Development\nof a Gene and Nucleic\nAcid Delivery System for Skeletal Muscle Administration via Limb Perfusion\nUsing Nanobubbles and Ultrasound","volume":"15","author":"Sekine","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7374-3_13","article-title":"PMO Delivery System\nUsing Bubble\nLiposomes and Ultrasound Exposure for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy\nTreatment","volume":"1687","author":"Negishi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-020-0075-7","article-title":"Advances\nin Oligonucleotide Drug\nDelivery","volume":"19","author":"Roberts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17562864231182934","DOI":"10.1177\/17562864231182934","article-title":"Cardiac Therapies for Duchenne Muscular\nDystrophy","volume":"16","author":"Shah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5836","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M007540200","article-title":"Arginine-Rich\nPeptides. An Abundant\nSource of Membrane-Permeable Peptides Having Potential as Carriers\nfor Intracellular Protein Delivery","volume":"276","author":"Futaki","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol.\nChem."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13003","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.24.13003","article-title":"The Design, Synthesis,\nand Evaluation of Molecules\nThat Enable or Enhance Cellular Uptake: Peptoid Molecular Transporters","volume":"97","author":"Wender","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13071003","article-title":"Ternary Complexes of\nPdna, Neuron-Binding\nPeptide, and Pegylated Polyethyleneimine for Brain Delivery with Nano-Bubbles\nand Ultrasound","volume":"13","author":"Endo-Takahashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)84756-1","article-title":"THE COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF\nPHOSPHORUS","volume":"66","author":"Fiske","year":"1925","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2011.79","article-title":"Pip5\nTransduction Peptides Direct High Efficiency Oligonucleotide-Mediated\nDystrophin Exon Skipping in Heart and Phenotypic Correction in Mdx\nMice","volume":"19","author":"Yin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.09.117","article-title":"Effects of Cardiosphere-Derived Cell\nTransplantation on Cardiac Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption after\nMyocardial Infarction in Rats","volume":"108","author":"Marunouchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S28830","article-title":"Nanobubbles for Enhanced Ultrasound\nImaging of Tumors","volume":"7","author":"Zheng","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomedicine"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2004.12.007","article-title":"Calorimetric and Spectroscopic Studies\nof the Phase Behavior and Organization of Lipid Bilayer Model Membranes\nComposed of Binary Mixtures of Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine and\nDimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol","volume":"1668","author":"Lewis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys.\nActa Biomembr."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1080\/08982104.2018.1556294","article-title":"Development and Evaluation\nof Stability and Ultrasound Response of DSPC-DPSG-Based Freeze-Dried\nMicrobubbles","volume":"29","author":"Unga","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Liposome Res."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.119886","article-title":"Effect of Lipid Shell\nComposition\nin DSPG-Based Microbubbles on Blood Flow Imaging with Ultrasonography","volume":"590","author":"Maruyama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1089\/oli.1.1997.7.187","article-title":"Morpholino Antisense\nOligomers: Design, Preparation,\nand Properties","volume":"7","author":"Summerton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antisense Nucleic Acid Drug\nDev"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2005.07.001","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics\nand Biodistribution of Phosphorodiamidate\nMorpholino Antisense Oligomers","volume":"5","author":"Amantana","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin.\nPharmacol."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5182","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm478","article-title":"Cell-Penetrating Peptides as Transporters\nfor Morpholino Oligomers: Effects of Amino Acid Composition on Intracellular\nDelivery and Cytotoxicity","volume":"35","author":"Wu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-009-0186-0","article-title":"Cell Penetrating Peptides: Overview and Applications\nto the Delivery of Oligonucleotides","volume":"67","author":"Said Hassane","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell. Mol.\nLife Sci."},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2022.08.019","article-title":"A Cell-Penetrating\nPeptide Enhances Delivery and Efficacy of Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino\nOligomers in Mdx Mice","volume":"30","author":"Gan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Ther Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics7030344","article-title":"Enhancement\nof Blood\u2013Brain Barrier Permeability and Delivery of Antisense\nOligonucleotides or Plasmid DNA to the Brain by the Combination of\nBubble Liposomes and High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound","volume":"7","author":"Negishi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026073105185642300_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24555","article-title":"Longitudinal Effect\nof Eteplirsen versus Historical Control on Ambulation in Duchenne\nMuscular Dystrophy","volume":"79","author":"Mendell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. 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