{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T17:24:11Z","timestamp":1787073851557,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"The Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["802-12\/2024-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["802-12\/2024-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Due to teeth loss, a large proportion of the elderly rely on full or partial dentures for esthetic, speaking, and eating reasons. A variety of polymers are used in the production of removable prostheses, with poly\u00ad(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) being a widely used material for making denture bases. However, underdenture stomatitis caused by the fungi Candida albicans is still an open problem. The purpose of this work was to consider the impact of polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) coating on PMMA surfaces and the effect of the addition of sucrose on the adhesion properties of C. albicans. Two polyelectrolytes were applied for the formation of the PEM coating: poly\u00ad(allylamine) hydrochloride (PAH) and poly\u00ad(acrylic) acid (PAA). The uncoated and coated surfaces were characterized in terms of topography, surface potential, and hydrophobicity. The extent of adhesion of C. albicans to the surfaces was assessed by scanning electron microscopy. Results show that surfaces coated with negatively charged PAA as the PEM terminating layer adhere less C. albicans than uncoated PMMA or surfaces coated with positively charged PAH as the PEM terminating layer. The addition of sucrose increases the fungal adhesion extent of C. albicans to both types of coated surfaces, lowering the PAA antiadhesion properties. With the addition of sucrose, we were trying to mimic the impact of dentures on patients with a sugar-rich diet.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.5c00883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T13:57:12Z","timestamp":1746626232000},"page":"19832-19839","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Antifungal Effect\nof Poly(methyl methacrylate) Coated\nwith Polyelectrolyte Multilayers"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2126-8762","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Klemen","family":"Bohinc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana , , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anamarija","family":"Zore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana , , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Velikonja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana , , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franc","family":"Rojko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana , , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"S\u030ctukelj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana , , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksander","family":"Uc\u030cakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joz\u030cef Stefan Institute , Jamova cesta 39 , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anz\u030ce","family":"Abram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joz\u030cef Stefan Institute , Jamova cesta 39 , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3751-1790","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nives","family":"Matijakovic\u0301 Mlinaric\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ljubljana , , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miha","family":"C\u030cekada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joz\u030cef Stefan Institute , Jamova cesta 39 , ,","place":["Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0548-4185","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Juraj","family":"Nikolic\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zagreb , , ,","place":["Zagreb, Croatia, 10000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davor","family":"Kovac\u030cevic\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zagreb , , ,","place":["Zagreb, Croatia, 10000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31146-8","article-title":"Oral diseases: a global public health challenge","volume":"394","author":"Peres","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31133-X","article-title":"Ending\nthe neglect of\nglobal oral health: time for radical action","volume":"394","author":"Watt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit3","unstructured":"Ageing and health World Health Organisation11, 2022. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/ageing-and-health (accessed August 29, 2024)."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym12102299","article-title":"Prosthodontic\napplications of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA): An update","volume":"12","author":"Zafar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2014.07.012","article-title":"Effect of heat treatment of polymethyl methacrylate\npowder on mechanical properties of denture base resin","volume":"39","author":"Kawaguchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2018.03.001","article-title":"Optical properties and surface roughness\nof prepolymerized poly\u00ad(methyl methacrylate) denture base materials","volume":"121","author":"Alp","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23311916.2021.1875968","article-title":"A review\non enhancements of PMMA Denture Base Material with Different Nano-Fillers","volume":"8","author":"Ali\nSabri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cogent Eng."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2021.09.125","article-title":"Applications of poly\u00ad(methyl\nmethacrylate) polymer in\ndentistry: A review","volume":"50","author":"Kaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Today: Proc."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit9","first-page":"316","article-title":"A Review on Poly (Methyl Methacrylate)\nDenture Base Materials with Antimicrobial Properties","volume":"35","author":"Rao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Biomater. Artif. Organs"},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdentj.2013.12.005","article-title":"Elastic modulus and flexural strength comparisons of\nhigh-impact and traditional denture base acrylic resins","volume":"26","author":"Ajaj-ALKordy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Saudi Dent. J."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2015.09.003","article-title":"In\nvitro study of the antibacterial properties and impact strength of\ndental acrylic resins modified with a nanomaterial","volume":"115","author":"de\nCastro","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20396\/bjos.v18i0.8655147","article-title":"Prevalence\nof risk factors for denture stomatitis in complete denture wearers","volume":"18","author":"Morel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Braz. J. Oral Sci."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit13","unstructured":"World\nHealth\nOrganization\n          . WHO fungal priority\npathogens list to guide research, development and public health action.\nGeneva, 2022."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cocis.2005.05.001","article-title":"Responsive\npolymer films and capsules via layer-by-layer assembly","volume":"10","author":"Sukhishvili","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. 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Adhes.\nAdhes."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings11060630","article-title":"Bacterial Adhesion\nCapacity of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli to Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coated Urinary Catheter Surface","volume":"11","author":"Bohinc","year":"2021","journal-title":"Coatings"},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2321","DOI":"10.1021\/bm100424s","article-title":"Polyelectrolyte\nMultilayers Fabricated from Antifungal \u03b2-Peptides: Design of\nSurfaces that Exhibit Antifungal Activity Against Candida\nalbicans","volume":"11","author":"Karlsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2015-162","article-title":"Time-related\nsurface modification of denture base acrylic resin treated by atmospheric\npressure cold plasma","volume":"35","author":"Qian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dent. Mater. J."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2017.01.003","article-title":"Effects of\ntrimethylsilane plasma coating on the hydrophobicity of\ndenture base resin and adhesion of Candida albicans on resin surfaces","volume":"118","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04670-z","article-title":"Antimicrobial surface\nprocessing of polymethyl methacrylate denture base resin using a novel\nsilica-based coating technology","volume":"27","author":"Tsutsumi-Arai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. 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Consecutively alternating adsorption\nof anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes on charged surfaces","volume":"210\u2013211","author":"Decher","year":"1992","journal-title":"Thin Solid Films"},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-7969-4_2","article-title":"Techniques\nof Measuring Contact Angles","volume-title":"Surface and\nColloid Science","author":"Neumann","year":"1979"},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1006\/jcis.1997.5214","article-title":"Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis:\nComputational Methods for the Measurement of Interfacial Properties\nfrom the Shape and Dimensions of Pendant and Sessile Drops","volume":"196","author":"del\nRi\u0301o","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e31462","article-title":"Aluminum oxide, cobalt aluminum oxide, and aluminum-doped zinc oxide\nnanoparticles as an effective antimicrobial agent against pathogens","volume":"10","author":"Omeiri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit35","first-page":"245","article-title":"Antimicrobial\nactivity of aluminium oxide nanoparticles for potential clinical applications","volume-title":"Science Against Microbial Pathogens: Communicating Current\nResearch and Technological Advances","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00009-06","article-title":"Environmental Sensing and Signal\nTransduction Pathways Regulating Morphopathogenic Determinants of Candida albicans","volume":"71","author":"Biswas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microbiol.\nMol. Biol. Rev."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2009.05.006","article-title":"How human\npathogenic fungi sense and adapt to pH: the link to virulence","volume":"12","author":"Davis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2636","article-title":"Growth\nof Candida albicans hyphae","volume":"9","author":"Sudbery","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003612","article-title":"Fungal Adenylyl\nCyclase Acts As a Signal Sensor and Integrator and Plays a Central\nRole in Interaction with Bacteria","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.61.080706.093341","article-title":"Morphogenesis\nin Candida albicans","volume":"61","author":"Whiteway","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu.\nRev. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2006.10.003","article-title":"How to build a biofilm:\na fungal perspective","volume":"9","author":"Blankenship","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. 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Quest."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5385","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.18.5385-5394.2001","article-title":"Biofilm formation\nby the fungal pathogen Candida albicans:\nDevelopment, architecture, and drug resistance","volume":"183","author":"Chandra","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.638609","article-title":"Mechanistic\nunderstanding of Candida\nalbicans biofilm formation and approaches for its inhibition","volume":"12","author":"Atriwal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings14020165","article-title":"Effect of Sucrose Concentration on Streptococcus mutans Adhesion to Dental Material Surfaces","volume":"14","author":"Zore","year":"2024","journal-title":"Coatings"},{"key":"2026081811184376000_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1159\/000484718","article-title":"The Effect\nof Nutritive and Non-Nutritive Sweeteners on the Growth, Adhesion,\nand Biofilm Formation of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis","volume":"26","author":"Weerasekera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Princ. Pract."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.5c00883","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/10\/19\/19832\/40829867\/ao5c00883.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/10\/19\/19832\/40829867\/ao5c00883.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:25:26Z","timestamp":1787070326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/10\/19\/19832\/3654254\/Antifungal-Effect-of-Poly-methyl-methacrylate"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.5c00883","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]}}}