{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T19:24:33Z","timestamp":1787081073108,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"27","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013200","name":"Government of Alberta","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013200","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000196","name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001804","name":"Canada Research Chairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008740","name":"University of Lethbridge","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008740","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009192","name":"Alberta Innovates","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009192","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005412","name":"Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Wetlands and small inland waters are atmospheric sources of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O). Human activities are inducing the salinization of inland aquatic habitats, with unclear implications for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Here, we show that GHG production is extremely sensitive to multiple salinization regimes (NaCl or MgSO4 amendments from 0.2 to \u223c5 ppt salinity) in a mineral soil wetland sediment slurry incubation experiment. Production of CH4 decreased nonlinearly in both treatments, with more pronounced declines in MgSO4 treatments. Production of CO2 had contrasting patterns, increasing with MgSO4 but decreasing with NaCl additions, signaling divergent responses of sediment geochemistry and microbial respiration between treatments. Both treatments inconsistently stimulated N2O production. Overall, we have shown that even small increases in salinity (&amp;lt;1 ppt) induce major shifts in wetland GHG production, but that responses depend heavily on salinization chemistry, a factor requiring consideration in future salinization research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.5c01053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T19:33:52Z","timestamp":1751657632000},"page":"29014-29020","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Extreme Sensitivity\nof Greenhouse Gas Production in\nMineral Wetland Sediments under Multiple Salinization Regimes"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Valizadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lethbridge , , , ,","place":["Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, T1K 3M4"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura A.","family":"Logozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lethbridge , , , ,","place":["Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, T1K 3M4"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naeimeh","family":"Enayatizamir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz , , ,","place":["Ahvaz, Iran, 6135783151"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9491-0328","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Bogard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lethbridge , , , ,","place":["Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, T1K 3M4"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"2026081812114044200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1770.1999.00089.x","article-title":"Salinisation:\nA Major Threat to Water Resources in the Arid and Semi-Arid Regions\nof the World","volume":"4","author":"Williams","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lakes & Reservoirs: Science,\nPolicy and Management for Sustainable Use"},{"key":"2026081812114044200_cit2","first-page":"280","article-title":"Salinisation\nas an Ecological Perturbation to Rivers, Streams and Wetlands of Arid\nand Semi-Arid Regions","volume-title":"Ecology of Desert\nRivers","author":"Bailey","year":"2006"},{"key":"2026081812114044200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2012.10.011","article-title":"Salinisation of Rivers: An Urgent Ecological Issue","volume":"173","author":"Can\u0303edo-Argu\u0308elles","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081812114044200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1890\/ES14-00534.1","article-title":"A Global Perspective\non Wetland Salinization: Ecological Consequences of a Growing Threat\nto Freshwater Wetlands","volume":"6","author":"Herbert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecosphere"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081812114044200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/s41561-021-00715-2","article-title":"Half of Global Methane\nEmissions Come from Highly Variable\nAquatic Ecosystem Sources","volume":"14","author":"Rosentreter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Geosci."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081812114044200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ade1112","article-title":"Large Increases\nin Methane Emissions Expected from North America\u2019s Largest\nWetland Complex","volume":"9","author":"Bansal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026081812114044200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agrformet.2022.108968","article-title":"Prairie Wetlands as\nSources or Sinks of Nitrous Oxide:\nEffects of Land Use and Hydrology","volume":"320","author":"Tangen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Agricultural\nand Forest Meteorology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081812114044200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1672\/0277-5212(2006)26[455:TSEOSO]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"The Short-Term\nEffects of Salinization on Anaerobic Nutrient Cycling and Microbial\nCommunity Structure in Sediment from a Freshwater Wetland","volume":"26","author":"Baldwin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Wetlands"},{"issue":"G1","key":"2026081812114044200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G01009","DOI":"10.1029\/2005JG000071","article-title":"Ramifications\nof Increased Salinity\nin Tidal Freshwater Sediments: Geochemistry and Microbial Pathways\nof Organic Matter Mineralization","volume":"111","author":"Weston","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Geophys.\nRes.: Biogeosci."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081812114044200_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.12431","article-title":"Salinity Affects\nMicrobial Activity and Soil Organic Matter Content in Tidal Wetlands","volume":"20","author":"Morrissey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Global Change Biology"},{"key":"2026081812114044200_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2014.11.001","article-title":"Salt Effects on the\nSoil Microbial Decomposer Community and Their\nRole in Organic Carbon Cycling: A Review","volume":"81","author":"Rath","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soil\nBiology and Biochemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081812114044200_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2895","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-014-6187-4","article-title":"Primary Effects\nof Extracellular Enzyme Activity and Microbial Community on Carbon\nand Nitrogen Mineralization in Estuarine and Tidal Wetlands","volume":"99","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081812114044200_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s10533-018-0486-2","article-title":"Salinity\nEffects on Greenhouse Gas\nEmissions from Wetland Soils Are Contingent upon Hydrologic Setting:\nA Microcosm Experiment","volume":"140","author":"Ardo\u0301n","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biogeochemistry"},{"key":"2026081812114044200_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2018.07.030","article-title":"Anaerobic Organic Carbon Mineralization in Tidal Wetlands along a\nLow-Level Salinity Gradient of a Subtropical Estuary: Rates, Pathways,\nand Controls","volume":"337","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"2026081812114044200_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2009.12.015","article-title":"Landscape Controls\non N2O and CH4 Emissions from Freshwater\nMineral Soil Wetlands of the Canadian Prairie Pothole Region","volume":"155","author":"Pennock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081812114044200_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1007\/s13157-011-0197-0","article-title":"Salinity Influence on Methane Emissions\nfrom Tidal Marshes","volume":"31","author":"Poffenbarger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Wetlands"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081812114044200_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-44715-3","article-title":"Salinity Causes\nWidespread\nRestriction of Methane Emissions from Small Inland Waters","volume":"15","author":"Soued","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026081812114044200_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/s0074-7696(08)62219-6","article-title":"Salt Tolerance\nin Plants and Microorganisms: Toxicity Targets and Defense Responses","volume":"165","author":"Serrano","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Cytol."},{"key":"2026081812114044200_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2018.07.013","article-title":"Effect\nof Salt Stress on Aerobic Methane Oxidation and Associated Methanotrophs;\na Microcosm Study of a Natural Community from a Non-Saline Environment","volume":"125","author":"Ho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081812114044200_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3354\/ame01845","article-title":"Effect of Salinity\non Microbial Methane Oxidation in Freshwater and Marine Environments","volume":"80","author":"Osudar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aquatic Microbial Ecology"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081812114044200_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2976","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.12287","article-title":"Drought-induced\nSaltwater Incursion Leads to Increased Wetland Nitrogen Export","volume":"19","author":"Ardo\u0301n","year":"2013","journal-title":"Global Change Biology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026081812114044200_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1002\/2014JG002739","article-title":"Iron Clad Wetlands: Soil Iron-Sulfur\nBuffering Determines Coastal Wetland Response to Salt Water Incursion","volume":"119","author":"Schoepfer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081812114044200_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1021\/es503663z","article-title":"Iron-Mediated\nAnaerobic Oxidation of Methane in Brackish Coastal Sediments","volume":"49","author":"Egger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. 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Sci. 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Oceanogr."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026081812114044200_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6590","DOI":"10.3390\/app13116590","article-title":"Salinity Inhibition in Thermophilic\nAnaerobic Digestion of Organic Waste","volume":"13","author":"Zupanc\u030cic\u030c","year":"2023","journal-title":"Applied\nSciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081812114044200_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ycae040","DOI":"10.1093\/ismeco\/ycae040","article-title":"Disentangling the Effects of Sulfate and Other Seawater\nIons on Microbial Communities and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in a Coastal\nForested Wetland. ISME","volume":"4","author":"Bueno\nDe Mesquita","year":"2024","journal-title":"Communications"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081812114044200_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02696071","article-title":"Denitrification\nRates Measured along a Salinity Gradient in the Eutrophic Neuse River\nEstuary, North Carolina, USA","volume":"28","author":"Fear","year":"2005","journal-title":"Estuaries"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081812114044200_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2009.01.015","article-title":"Low Sulfide\nConcentrations Affect Nitrate Transformations\nin Freshwater and Saline Coastal Retention Pond Sediments","volume":"41","author":"Aelion","year":"2009","journal-title":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry"},{"key":"2026081812114044200_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2017.08.005","article-title":"Long-Term Field Measurements of Annual\nMethane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Chinese Subtropical Wheat-Rice\nRotation System","volume":"115","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soil Biology and Biochemistry"},{"key":"2026081812114044200_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedobi.2016.12.002","article-title":"Changes in Abundance and Community\nStructure of Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria along a Salinity Gradient in\nTidal Wetlands","volume":"60","author":"Franklin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pedobiologia"},{"key":"2026081812114044200_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2014.07.022","article-title":"Effects of Soil\nSalinity and Carbon Availability from\nOrganic Amendments on Nitrous Oxide Emissions","volume":"235\u2013236","author":"Reddy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Geoderma"}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.5c01053","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/10\/27\/29014\/40842614\/ao5c01053.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/10\/27\/29014\/40842614\/ao5c01053.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T18:31:58Z","timestamp":1787077918000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/10\/27\/29014\/3654980\/Extreme-Sensitivity-of-Greenhouse-Gas-Production"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"27","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.5c01053","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]}}}