{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T22:42:45Z","timestamp":1789425765724,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"27","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008770","name":"Anadolu ?niversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2009S094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009S094"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008770","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Wound healing is a dynamic and multifactorial process that can be significantly impaired by oxidative stress, microbial infection, and chronic systemic conditions, often resulting in delayed recovery and poor tissue regeneration. This study investigates the use of rutin hydrate, a bioactive flavonoid with antioxidant and collagen-promoting effects, in electrospun nanofiber dressings to enhance wound repair outcomes. Electrospinning technology was used to fabricate nanofibers from poly\u00ad(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Eudragit L100, with optimized parameters determined via the Taguchi method. The nanofibers had average diameters of 258.371 nm (PVA) and 125.115 nm (Eudragit), with drug loading capacities of 78.735 \u00b1 2.307 \u03bcg\/mg per mass and 87.983 \u00b1 2.055 \u03bcg\/cm2 per area (PVA); 76.833 \u00b1 2.238 \u03bcg\/mg per mass and 85.807 \u00b1 1.502 \u03bcg\/cm2 per area (Eudragit). Characterization via SEM, FTIR, DSC, and NMR confirmed uniform, bead-free nanofibers with enhanced stability and controlled drug release. In vitro studies showed first-order drug release kinetics (Hixson\u2013Crowell model), balancing burst release with sustained delivery. In vivo wound healing in rats demonstrated significantly faster recovery with rutin-loaded nanofibers (p &amp;lt; 0.0001 for F-PVA-Rutin and F-EUD-Rutin on day 3 and day 7). Histological analysis revealed reduced neutrophil infiltration, enhanced granulation tissue, and improved angiogenesis, confirming the therapeutic efficacy of rutin. These findings support the potential of rutin-loaded electrospun nanofiber dressings as an effective and scalable approach for promoting wound healing through localized, sustained drug delivery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.5c01101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T23:32:51Z","timestamp":1751326371000},"page":"29037-29058","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Development of\nNanofiber Patch Formulation Containing\nRutin Hydrate, In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9280-5783","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sinan","family":"O\u0308zer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anadolu University , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Turkey, 26470"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evrim","family":"Aky\u0131l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anadolu University , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Turkey, 26470"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rana","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anadolu University , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Turkey, 26470"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neziha Senem","family":"Ar\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ku\u0308tahya Health Sciences University , , ,","place":["Ku\u0308tahya, Turkey, 43100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20164741","article-title":"Wound healing-A\nliterature review","volume":"91","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2016","journal-title":"An. Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2008.00427.x","article-title":"Guidelines\nto aid healing of acute wounds by decreasing impediments of healing","volume":"16","author":"Franz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07039","article-title":"Wound repair and\nregeneration","volume":"453","author":"Gurtner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2021.0026","article-title":"Human wound\nand its burden: updated 2020 compendium of estimates","volume":"10","author":"Sen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit5","unstructured":"Global Wound Care Market Size By Product Type (Dressings,\nAdvanced\nWound Care Products), By Wound Type (Acute Wounds, Chronic Wounds),\nBy End User (Hospitals, Home Healthcare), By Distribution Channel\n(Direct Sales, Retail Pharmacies), By Material Type (Natural Polymers,\nSynthetic Polymers), By Geographic Scope And Forecast, 2023https:\/\/www.verifiedmarketreports.com\/product\/global-wound-care-market-size-and-forecast-to-2025\/."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2016.04.025","article-title":"The pharmacological\npotential of rutin","volume":"25","author":"Ganeshpurkar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm. J."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9111122","article-title":"Effects\nof rutin on wound healing in hyperglycemic rats","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2017.07.008","article-title":"Rutin: A review\non extraction, identification and purification methods, biological\nactivities and approaches to enhance its bioavailability","volume":"67","author":"Gullon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110994","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.110994","article-title":"Electrospinning\nof natural polymers\nfor the production of nanofibres for wound healing applications","volume":"114","author":"Bombin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng., C"},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1039\/d4pm00130c","article-title":"Heparin sodium\nenriched gelatin\/polycaprolactone\nbased multi-layer nanofibrous scaffold for accelerated wound healing\nin diabetes","volume":"1","author":"Dhondale","year":"2024","journal-title":"RSC Pharm."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2019.05.020","article-title":"Advancements in nanofibers for wound dressing: A review","volume":"117","author":"Ambekar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.11.050","article-title":"Silk biomaterials\nin wound healing and skin regeneration\ntherapeutics: From bench to bedside","volume":"103","author":"Chouhan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/app.54746","article-title":"Advances in wound dressing\nbased\non electrospinning nanofibers","volume":"141","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym.\nSci."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cnma.202100349","article-title":"Electrospun nanofibers\nfor wound management","volume":"8","author":"John","year":"2022","journal-title":"ChemNanoMat"},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"015023","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1591\/aa57ea","article-title":"Production of electrospun\ngelatin\nnanofibers: an optimization study by using Taguchi\u2019s methodology","volume":"4","author":"Horuz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Express"},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1177\/0040517514547208","article-title":"Electrospinning\nof polymethyl methacrylate nanofibers: optimization of processing\nparameters using the Taguchi design of experiments","volume":"85","author":"Khanlou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Text. Res. J."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37960","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37960","article-title":"Comparison\nof cell behavior on pva\/pva-gelatin\nelectrospun nanofibers with random and aligned configuration","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2020.111264","article-title":"Effects of the crystallinity on quercetin\nloaded the Eudragit L-100 electrospun nanofibers","volume":"195","author":"Ao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Colloids Surf., B"},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit19","first-page":"11","article-title":"Formulation, Chracterization\nand In Vivo Efficacy of \u03b1-Tocopherol\nImprinted Polymeric System for Cosmetic Application","volume":"6","author":"Yenilmez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Int. J. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit20","unstructured":"ICH Guideline\n          . Validation Of Analytical Procedures: Text And Methodology.\nQ2(R1), 2005http:\/\/www.ich.org\/fileadmin\/Public_Web_Site\/ICH_Products\/Guidelines\/Quality\/Q2_R1\/Step4\/Q2_R1__Guideline.pdf."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit21","unstructured":"ICH\nGuideline\n          . Stability Testing of New\nDrug Substances and Products.\nQ1A (R2), Current Step c, 2003https:\/\/database.ich.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Q1BGuideline.pdf."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wndm.2018.12.001","article-title":"Wound healing\nmodels: A systematic\nreview of animal and non-animal models","volume":"24","author":"Sami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Wound\nMed."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmmm.2016.06.045","article-title":"The effect of poly vinyl alcohol\n(PVA) surfactant on phase formation and magnetic properties of hydrothermally\nsynthesized CoFe2O4 nanoparticles","volume":"419","author":"Jalalian","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Magn.\nMagn. Mater."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/s0168-3659(98)00138-2","article-title":"Detection and determination\nof surface levels of poloxamer and PVA surfactant on biodegradable\nnanospheres using SSIMS and XPS","volume":"59","author":"Scholes","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Controlled\nRelease"},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-006-0713-x","article-title":"Influence\nof pH on wound-healing: a new perspective for wound-therapy?","volume":"298","author":"Schneider","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12010068","article-title":"Strategic\napproaches for colon targeted drug delivery:\nan overview of recent advancements","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit27","first-page":"11","article-title":"An overview on Taguchi method","volume":"1","author":"Karna","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng.\nMath. Sci."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.3109\/03639045.2011.628676","article-title":"Hydrogels containing\nrutin intended\nfor cutaneous administration: efficacy in wound healing in rats","volume":"38","author":"Almeida","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2872","DOI":"10.1021\/bm200326g","article-title":"In situ forming\nand rutin-releasing chitosan hydrogels as injectable dressings for\ndermal wound healing","volume":"12","author":"Tran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2017.10.044","article-title":"Chitosan based\nPickering emulsion as a promising approach for topical application\nof rutin in a solubilized form intended for wound healing: in vitro\nand in vivo study","volume":"534","author":"Asfour","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"012130","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/454\/1\/012130","article-title":"Electrospinning\nof polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanofibers: Optimization study\nusing taguchi design of experiment","volume":"454","author":"Abbas","year":"2018","journal-title":"IOP Conf.\nSer.: Mater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.3139\/217.3411","article-title":"Optimization of parameters\nfor electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile\nnanofibers by the Taguchi method","volume":"32","author":"Celep","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Polym.\nProcess."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jct.2010.03.022","article-title":"PVT, viscosity, and surface tension\nof ethanol: New measurements and literature data evaluation","volume":"42","author":"Gonc\u0327alves","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Chem. Thermodyn."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2015.11.015","article-title":"A comprehensive review summarizing\nthe effect of electrospinning parameters and potential applications\nof nanofibers in biomedical and biotechnology","volume":"11","author":"Haider","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arabian J. Chem."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymertesting.2020.106647","article-title":"A review on electrospun\npolymeric nanofibers: Production\nparameters and potential applications","volume":"90","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polym.\nTest."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit36","first-page":"1850","article-title":"Formulation and in vitro evaluation of moxifloxacin hydrochloride-loaded\npolymeric nanoparticles for ocular application","volume":"37","author":"Yurtdas\u0327\nKirimliog\u0306lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lat. Am. J. Pharm."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.031","article-title":"Electrospun chitosan oligosaccharide\/polycaprolactone\nnanofibers loaded with wound-healing compounds of Rutin and Quercetin\nas antibacterial dressings","volume":"183","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.31838\/ijprt\/08.01.02","article-title":"Release\nkinetics\u2013concepts and applications","volume":"8","author":"Paarakh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int.\nJ. Pharm. Res. Technol."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.26650\/experimed.2019.19023","article-title":"Wound repair\nand experimental wound models","volume":"9","author":"Bakt\u0131r","year":"2020","journal-title":"Experimed"},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-013-0689-x","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory\neffects of rutin on HMGB1-induced inflammatory responses in vitro\nand in vivo","volume":"63","author":"Yoo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.11648\/j.ijbecs.20180401.12","article-title":"Influence of biofield treated vitamin D3 on proliferation,\ndifferentiation,\nand maturation of bone-related parameters in MG-63 cell-line","volume":"1","author":"Anagnos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biomed. Eng. Clin. Sci."},{"key":"2026081812123220400_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.4155\/tde-2023-0083","article-title":"Fabrication\nof dual drug-loaded polycaprolactone\u2013gelatin composite nanofibers\nfor full thickness diabetic wound healing","volume":"15","author":"Manjit","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ther.\nDelivery"}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.5c01101","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/10\/27\/29037\/40841855\/ao5c01101.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/10\/27\/29037\/40841855\/ao5c01101.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T18:33:42Z","timestamp":1787078022000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/10\/27\/29037\/3654940\/Development-of-Nanofiber-Patch-Formulation"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"27","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.5c01101","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]}}}