{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:17:12Z","timestamp":1789431432090,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"25","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016107","name":"Science and Technology Department of Tibet Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XZ202501JD0026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XZ202501JD0026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016107","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018538","name":"National Ten Thousand Talent Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020-366"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-366"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018538","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U20A20401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A20401"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Forth National Survey of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Chinese or Xizang???s Medicinal Resources Investigation in Xizang Autonomous Region","award":["20200501-542301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200501-542301"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Anisodus luridus, a medicinal plant, is abundant in tropane alkaloids (e.g., hyoscyamine and scopolamine) within its roots. This species exhibits higher biomass and alkaloid content compared to traditional medicinal plants such as Atropa belladonna and Datura stramonium. Given the significant bioactivity of natural tropane alkaloids and the plant\u2019s commercial potential, this study optimized their extraction process using response surface methodology. The optimal conditions were determined as 78% ethanol concentration, 68 \u00b0C extraction temperature, and 20 min extraction time. The actual tropane alkaloid yield (6.211 mg\/g) closely aligned with the predicted value (6.194 mg\/g), validating the model\u2019s accuracy. Furthermore, a UPLC-PDA-based quantitative method was developed for analyzing chemical components of Anisodus luridus and subsequently applied to construct its UPLC fingerprint for quality assessment. The method demonstrated linearity for hyoscyamine in the range of 20.00\u20132000.00 \u03bcg\/mL, scopolamine from 2.00 to 256.00 \u03bcg\/mL, and anisodamine 1 and 2 in the ranges of 1.08\u201369.12 and 0.92\u201358.88 \u03bcg\/mL, respectively. Average relative recoveries for these compounds were 98.91, 99.73, 100.05, and 97.01%, respectively. The alkaloid content in the tested batch samples ranged from 3.2044 to 22.0037 mg\/g with significant differences. Based on experimental data and practical production requirements, the alkaloid content in medicinal materials meeting regulatory standards should not be lower than 0.05%. Additionally, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution scoring prediction indicated that the relative closeness of the August harvest to the optimal scheme was 0.882, the highest score recorded. This suggests that early August may be the most suitable period for harvesting to ensure optimal medicinal quality. These findings provide crucial references for the quality evaluation and industrial application of this plant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.5c02397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T09:18:56Z","timestamp":1750151936000},"page":"27137-27152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Optimization of Tropane Alkaloids Extraction from\n                    <i>Anisodus luridus<\/i>\n                    Utilizing Response Surface Methodology\nand Quality Assessment through UPLC Fingerprinting"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7715-4514","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Baoxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xizang University , , ,","place":["Lhasa, China, 850000"]},{"name":"Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University , , ,","place":["Linzhi of Xizang, China, 860000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingqin","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University , , ,","place":["Linzhi of Xizang, China, 860000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xizang University , , ,","place":["Lhasa, China, 850000"]},{"name":"Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University , , ,","place":["Linzhi of Xizang, China, 860000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guozhu","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University , , ,","place":["Linzhi of Xizang, China, 860000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Quan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University , , ,","place":["Linzhi of Xizang, China, 860000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinghao","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University , , ,","place":["Linzhi of Xizang, China, 860000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongjun","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xizang University , , ,","place":["Lhasa, China, 850000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 400715"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1283-4649","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhihua","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 400715"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0140-4192","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Min","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest University , , ,","place":["Chongqing, China, 400715"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China) , , ,","place":["Changchun, China, 130033"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaozhong","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xizang University , , ,","place":["Lhasa, China, 850000"]},{"name":"Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University , , ,","place":["Linzhi of Xizang, China, 860000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit1","volume-title":"Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (FRPS)","author":"Ed.ial Committee of FRPS","year":"1978"},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit2","volume-title":"Chinese Tibetan Herbal\nMedicine","author":"Luo","year":"1997"},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit3","volume-title":"Chinese Tibetan\nMedicine","author":"Qinghai Provincial Drug Inspection\nand Testing Institute","year":"1996"},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit4","volume-title":"Tibetan Medicine Chronicles","author":"Northwest Institute of Plateau\nBiology \u2013 Chinese Academy of Sciences","year":"1991"},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit5","volume-title":"Diqing Tibetan Medicine","author":"Yang","year":"1987"},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit6","unstructured":"Xu, Y.\n          \n          The study on the\nphysiological and ecological adaptability of Anisodus luridus [dissertation], Agricultural and Animal Husbandry\ncollege of Tibet University: Lhasa, 2021."},{"issue":"42","key":"2026081811275993200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1002\/chin.201542206","article-title":"Chemical constituents\nof Anisodus luridus roots and their antimicrobial\nscreening","volume":"46","author":"Verma","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Indian Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081811275993200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24040796","article-title":"Tropane alkaloids:\nChemistry, pharmacology, biosynthesis\nand production","volume":"24","author":"Kohnen-Johannsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081811275993200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NP00076K","article-title":"Tropane alkaloid biosynthesis:\nA centennial review","volume":"38","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026081811275993200_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1002\/elan.202100594","article-title":"Development of ion-selective\nelectrodes for tropane, atropine, and scopolamine \u2013 a concept\nfor the analysis of tropane alkaloids","volume":"34","author":"Luger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Electroanalysis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081811275993200_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1021\/es301610p","article-title":"Comprehensive review of caprock-sealing mechanisms for geologic carbon\nsequestration","volume":"47","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s11101-016-9477-x","article-title":"Scopolamine: a Journey from the Field\nto Clinics","volume":"16","author":"Ullrich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phytochem. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081811275993200_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202301477","article-title":"A Review on the Chemical\nProperties, Plant Sources, Anti-shock Effects, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicity,\nand Clinical Applications of Anisodamine","volume":"21","author":"Xia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem.\nBiodiversity"},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114522","article-title":"Update on the sources, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological\naction, and clinical application of anisodamine","volume":"161","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081811275993200_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/00001610-199408000-00011","article-title":"Levsin\n(hyoscyamine sulfate USP)","volume":"17","author":"Claussen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterology\nnursing: the official journal of the Society of Gastroenterology Nurses\nand Associates"},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/6956298","article-title":"Pyridostigmine Induced\nProlonged Asystole in a Patient with Myasthenia Gravis Successfully\nTreated with Hyoscyamine","volume":"2017","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Case Rep. 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EFSA Panel on Contaminants in\nthe Food Chain (CONTAM)","volume":"11","author":"Benford","year":"2013","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081811275993200_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1967.00470260014002","article-title":"Cholinergic-anticholinergic\nantagonism in parkinsonism","volume":"17","author":"Duvoisin","year":"1967","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026081811275993200_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1080\/01480545.2021.1916171","article-title":"Anticonvulsant effectiveness of scopolamine\nagainst soman-induced seizures in African green monkeys","volume":"45","author":"McDonough","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2019.105062","article-title":"The effects\nof scopolamine on the survival time and\nmicrocirculation of septic shock rats","volume":"141","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur.\nJ. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026081811275993200_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12566","article-title":"The Combination\nof Scopolamine and Psychostimulants\nfor the Prevention of Severe Motion Sickness","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026081811275993200_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.3357\/AMHP.5499.2020","article-title":"Scopolamine Treatment\nand Adaptation to Airsickness","volume":"91","author":"Doron","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aviat., Space\nEnviron. 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Surg."},{"issue":"7S","key":"2026081811275993200_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.03.028","article-title":"Transdermal\nScopolamine\nas an Adjunct to Multimodal Pain Management in Patients Undergoing\nTotal Joint Arthroplasty","volume":"34","author":"Berg","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081811275993200_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.1154","article-title":"The pharmacological properties of\nanisodamine","volume":"27","author":"Poupko","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Appl. Toxicol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026081811275993200_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31819598f5","article-title":"Antishock effect of\nanisodamine involves a novel pathway for activating alpha7 nicotinic\nacetylcholine receptor","volume":"37","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit. 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Macromol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026081811275993200_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2022.11349","article-title":"Anisodamine hydrobromide\nameliorates cardiac damage after resuscitation","volume":"23","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081811275993200_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20132713","article-title":"Intravenous administration\nof anisodamine is effective on variant\nangina","volume":"127","author":"Hou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026081811275993200_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20201812","article-title":"Protective effect of anisodamine hydrobromide\non lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury","volume":"40","author":"Wan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biosci. 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Immunotoxicol."},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.531325","article-title":"Anti-Apoptotic Role\nof Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction and Anisodamine in Endotoxemia","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2022.05.024","article-title":"Anisodamine potently\ninhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro and targets its main protease","volume":"616","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/9841931","article-title":"Retracted:\nObservation of Clinical Efficacy of Anisodamine and Chlorpromazine\nin the Treatment of Intractable Hiccup after Stroke","volume":"2024","author":"BioMed\nResearch International","year":"2024","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"issue":"39","key":"2026081811275993200_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6618","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i39.6618","article-title":"Anisodamine accelerates\nspontaneous passage of single symptomatic bile duct stones \u2264\n10 mm","volume":"19","author":"Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112133","article-title":"Protective role of pretreatment with Anisodamine\nagainst sepsis-induced diaphragm atrophy via inhibiting JAK2\/STAT3\npathway","volume":"133","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"2026081811275993200_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S243383","article-title":"Anisodamine\nSuppressed the Growth of Hepatocellular\nCarcinoma Cells, Induced Apoptosis and Regulated the Levels of Inflammatory\nFactors by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Des., Dev. 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