{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T19:24:33Z","timestamp":1787081073045,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"27","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016\/22\/E\/NZ1\/00673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/22\/E\/NZ1\/00673"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Protein binding to the colloidal quantum dot (QD) is necessary for the construction of nanobiohybrids. The calculation of stoichiometry may not be simple; QD is a sphere with a uniform surface, and the QD\u2013protein junction may influence protein conformation and shape. Protein shape allows for different packing on the QD surface. Herein, we characterized binding between two types of QDs, differing by their radii, and three versions of a cytochrome c protein, native one, and with 6xHisTag on N- or C-terminus. The average stoichiometry was 2.44\/8\u20139 protein molecules per nanoparticle, depending on QD. The binding of HisTag-proteins to QD was enthalpy-driven, with negative entropy. We verified the binding constants in different methods, allowing the exposition of the different surfaces of cytochrome c for binding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.5c03139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T04:58:13Z","timestamp":1751518693000},"page":"29628-29636","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Binding of Cytochrome\nc to CdTe Colloidal Quantum\nDots\ue5f8Investigation of Stoichiometry and Thermodynamics of the\nNanohybrid Creation Process"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Zbigniew\nM.","family":"Darz\u0307ynkiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u0141ukasiewicz Research Network \u2013 PORT Polish Center for Technology Development , Stab\u0142owicka 147 , ,","place":["Wroc\u0142aw, Poland, 54-066"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5520-6167","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jakub","family":"S\u0142awski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wroc\u0142aw , , F. Joliot-Curie 14a , ,","place":["Wroc\u0142aw, Poland, 50-383"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Rydzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wroc\u0142aw , , F. Joliot-Curie 14a , ,","place":["Wroc\u0142aw, Poland, 50-383"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7305-9471","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joanna","family":"Grzyb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wroc\u0142aw , , F. Joliot-Curie 14a , ,","place":["Wroc\u0142aw, Poland, 50-383"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2501","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12142501","article-title":"Semiconductor\nQuantum Dots as Target Analytes: Properties, Surface Chemistry and\nDetection","volume":"12","author":"Sanmarti\u0301n-Matalobos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat961","article-title":"Self-assembled nanoscale biosensors based on quantum\ndot FRET donors","volume":"2","author":"Medintz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1390","article-title":"Quantum dot\nbioconjugates for imaging, labelling and sensing","volume":"4","author":"Medintz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlumin.2021.118626","article-title":"\u201cSemiconductor\nquantum dots\u201d in biomedical\nopportunities","volume":"243","author":"Borghei","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Lumin."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.2019_2887","article-title":"Nanoparticles as energy\ndonors and acceptors in bionanohybrid systems","volume":"66","author":"S\u0142awski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Polym."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5753","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.7b11799","article-title":"Fast energy\ntransfer in CdSe quantum\ndot layered structures: Controlling coupling with covalent-bond organic\nlinkers","volume":"122","author":"Cohen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/25\/19\/194102","article-title":"Ferredoxin:NADP+ oxidoreductase\nin\njunction with CdSe\/ZnS quantum dots: characteristics of an enzymatically\nactive nanohybrid","volume":"25","author":"Szczepaniak","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys.: Condens. Matter"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.2c00285","article-title":"Nanoscale Control of\nDNA-Linked MoS2-Quantum Dot Heterostructures","volume":"34","author":"Talha-Dean","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioconjugate Chem."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.8b00355","article-title":"Directing\ncharge transfer in quantum dot assemblies","volume":"51","author":"Bloom","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acc.\nChem. Res."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit10","volume-title":"Bioconjugate Techniques","author":"Hermanson","year":"2013"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3967","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.2c03283","article-title":"Quantum Dots Meet\nEnzymes: Hydrophobicity of Surface\nLigands and Size Do Matter","volume":"39","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24505","DOI":"10.1039\/D1CP03347F","article-title":"Quantum dot clusters\nas self-assembled antennae with phycocyanine and phycobilisomes as\nenergy acceptors","volume":"23","author":"Grzyb","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4402","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.8b04921","article-title":"Multienzymatic cascade\nreactions via enzyme complex by immobilization","volume":"9","author":"Hwang","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1021\/bc5002399","article-title":"Cascade biocatalysis\nby multienzyme\u2013nanoparticle assemblies","volume":"25","author":"Kang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioconjugate Chem."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7911","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b02334","article-title":"Enhancing\nCoupled Enzymatic Activity by Colocalization on Nanoparticle Surfaces:\nKinetic Evidence for Directed Channeling of Intermediates","volume":"12","author":"Vranish","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4526","article-title":"The surface science\nof nanocrystals","volume":"15","author":"Boles","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s10969-010-9082-y","article-title":"Cleavable\nC-terminal His-tag vectors for structure determination","volume":"11","author":"Eschenfeldt","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Struct. Funct. Genomics"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit18","first-page":"1","article-title":"Purification of\nHis-Tagged Proteins","volume-title":"Methods in Enzymology","author":"Spriestersbach","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11528","DOI":"10.1021\/jp073550t","article-title":"Kinetics of\nmetal-affinity driven self-assembly between proteins or peptides and\nCdSe\u2013 ZnS quantum dots","volume":"111","author":"Sapsford","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem.\nC"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11917","DOI":"10.3390\/app132111917","article-title":"Protein\/Protein and Quantum Dot\/Protein\nOrganization in Sequential Monolayer Materials Studied Using Resonance\nEnergy Transfer","volume":"13","author":"S\u0142awski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12341","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.1c04256","article-title":"Biofabrication of functional\nprotein nanoparticles through simple His-tag engineering","volume":"9","author":"Lo\u0301pez-Laguna","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8343","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c02390","article-title":"Optimizing quantum dot probe size\nfor single-receptor imaging","volume":"14","author":"Le","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.199311113","article-title":"Electron\ntransfer reactions in chemistry: theory and experiment (Nobel lecture)","volume":"32","author":"Marcus","year":"1993","journal-title":"Angew. Chem., Int. Ed."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4173(85)90014-X","article-title":"Electron transfers in chemistry and biology","volume":"811","author":"Marcus","year":"1985","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit25","first-page":"S134","article-title":"Dimerization\ninterface\nand peptide specific to semiconductor surfaces for nanodevices assembly","volume":"1","author":"Dabrowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Biophys. J. Biophys. Lett."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3307","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcb.1c00325","article-title":"Competition between Photoinduced\nElectron Transfer and Resonance Energy Transfer in an Example of Substituted\nCytochrome c\u2013Quantum Dot Systems","volume":"125","author":"S\u0142awski","year":"2021","journal-title":"J.\nPhys. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2854","DOI":"10.1021\/cm034081k","article-title":"Experimental\ndetermination\nof the extinction coefficient of CdTe, CdSe, and CdS nanocrystals","volume":"15","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1006\/prep.2001.1438","article-title":"Characterization of horse cytochrome\nc expressed in Escherichia coli","volume":"22","author":"Patel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Protein Expr. Purif."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13787","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.1c02719","article-title":"Regulation of the Enzymatic Activities of Lysozyme\nby the Surface Ligands of Ultrasmall Gold Nanoclusters: The Role of\nHydrophobic Interactions","volume":"37","author":"Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5569","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.0c05974","article-title":"Thermodynamic\nimplications and time evolution of the interactions of near-infrared\nPbS quantum dots with human serum albumin","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS\nOmega"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2008.05.005","article-title":"Study on the interaction between\nbovine serum albumin and CdTe quantum dots with spectroscopic techniques","volume":"892","author":"Liang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochem.2012.08.019","article-title":"Systematically investigation\nof interactions between\nBSA and different charge-capped CdSe\/ZnS quantum dots","volume":"249","author":"Xiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol. A"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlumin.2016.11.070","article-title":"Quantum dots use both LUMO and surface\ntrap electrons in photoreduction process","volume":"183","author":"Darzynkiewicz","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.\nLumin."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2007.03.006","article-title":"Spectroscopic\nstudies on the interaction between human hemoglobin and CdS quantum\ndots","volume":"311","author":"Shen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14482","DOI":"10.1021\/jp8030094","article-title":"Conjugating luminescent\nCdTe quantum dots with biomolecules","volume":"112","author":"Gerhards","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Phys.\nChem. B"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2008.03.018","article-title":"Conformation, thermodynamics\nand stoichiometry of HSA adsorbed to\ncolloidal CdSe\/ZnS quantum dots","volume":"1784","author":"Xiao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys.\nActa"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TX00301C","article-title":"The interactions\nof CdTe quantum dots with serum albumin and subsequent cytotoxicity:\nThe influence of homologous ligands","volume":"7","author":"Yan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol.\nRes."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s10895-008-0396-0","article-title":"Studies on\ninteraction of CdTe quantum dots with bovine serum albumin using fluorescence\ncorrelation spectroscopy","volume":"19","author":"Shao","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Fluoresc."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2008.04.012","article-title":"Using capillary\nelectrophoresis mobility shift assay to study the interaction of CdTe\nquantum dots with bovine serum albumin","volume":"19","author":"Shao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chin.\nChem. Lett."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcb.1c10134","article-title":"InP-Bovine Serum Albumin Conjugates as Energy Transfer\nProbes","volume":"126","author":"Manoj","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. B"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2714","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.1150181505","article-title":"SWISS-MODEL and\nthe Swiss-Pdb Viewer: an environment\nfor comparative protein modeling","volume":"18","author":"Guex","year":"1997","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.21452","article-title":"High resolution X-ray\ncrystallographic structure of bovine heart cytochrome c and its application\nto the design of an electron transfer biosensor","volume":"70","author":"Mirkin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proteins"},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physchem.012809.103436","article-title":"Fluctuations in biological and bioinspired\nelectron-transfer reactions","volume":"61","author":"Skourtis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Phys.\nChem."},{"key":"2026081812142499000_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1021\/ja108154a","article-title":"How and Why Nanoparticle\u2019s\nCurvature Regulates the Apparent pKa of the Coating Ligands","volume":"133","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.5c03139","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/10\/27\/29628\/40842865\/ao5c03139.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/10\/27\/29628\/40842865\/ao5c03139.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T18:31:42Z","timestamp":1787077902000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/10\/27\/29628\/3654995\/Binding-of-Cytochrome-c-to-CdTe-Colloidal-Quantum"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"27","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.5c03139","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]}}}