{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:53:02Z","timestamp":1792515182489,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"28","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004508","name":"Prince of Songkla University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004508","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The use of benzodiazepines like diazepam (DZ) in drug-facilitated crimes necessitates the development of rapid, sensitive and portable detection methods. This study presents a sustainable, paper-derived laser-induced graphene (paper-LIG) electrochemical platform for ultrasensitive DZ detection in forensic investigations. The sensor was fabricated using a cellulose paper substrate treated with sodium tetraborate to enhance thermal stability, enabling efficient graphene conversion via optimized laser scribing. The physicochemical properties of paper-LIG were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Additionally, the effects of working and auxiliary electrode sizes on electrochemical performance were evaluated. The resulting paper-LIG electrode exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, enabling direct DZ detection in beverage samples without complex pretreatment. Using an optimized voltammetric technique, the sensor achieved a wide linear range (1\u20131000 \u03bcmol L\u20131) and a low detection limit (0.4 \u03bcmol L\u20131). This platform demonstrated high selectivity, reproducibility (RSD 2.2%), and recovery (96.4\u2013102.5%), confirming its reliability for forensic applications. Its low cost, scalability, and eco-friendliness make this sensor a promising tool for rapid on-site drug screening.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.5c03662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T13:37:39Z","timestamp":1751981859000},"page":"30944-30957","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Sustainable Paper-Derived\nLaser-Induced Graphene Electrochemical\nPlatform for Ultra-Sensitive Diazepam Detection in Forensic Investigations"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Kasrin","family":"Saisahas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]},{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asamee","family":"Soleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]},{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kritsada","family":"Samoson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]},{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1920-7805","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kiattisak","family":"Promsuwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]},{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]},{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenjira","family":"Saichanapan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]},{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7606-3399","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sangay","family":"Wangchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]},{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]},{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]},{"name":"Royal University of Bhutan , , , ,","place":["Kanglung, Trashigang, Bhutan, 42002"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9312-2538","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Warakorn","family":"Limbut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]},{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]},{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]},{"name":"Prince of Songkla University , , , ,","place":["Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081813080183600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbsr.2023.100571","article-title":"Recent\ndevelopments in electrochemical sensors based on graphene for bioanalytical\napplications","volume":"41","author":"Lawal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sens. 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Hazard.\nMater."},{"key":"2026081813080183600_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.145486","article-title":"Efficient detection\nof nitrite in water based on an Au\/NiO\/Rh trimetallic\ncomposite modified laser-induced graphene electrode prepared by one-step\nelectrodeposition","volume":"473","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"2026081813080183600_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.156799","article-title":"Advanced functional\ncarbon electrode for ultra-sensitive detection of hexavalent chromium\nin water: Performance, mechanism, and application","volume":"500","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. 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Chem.\nInterfacial Electrochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081813080183600_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12010073","article-title":"Electrochemical\nSensor for Methamphetamine Detection Using Laser-Induced Porous Graphene\nElectrode","volume":"12","author":"Saisahas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"2026081813080183600_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2022.124214","article-title":"Laser-scribing\nfabrication of a disposable electrochemical device for forensic detection\nof crime facilitating drugs in beverage samples","volume":"255","author":"Paschoarelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"2026081813080183600_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.142771","article-title":"Electrochemical\nsensing at the fingertips: Wearable glove-based sensors for detection\nof 4-nitrophenol, picric acid and diazepam","volume":"363","author":"Corsato","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026081813080183600_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2017.05.006","article-title":"Lab on paper chip\nintegrated with Si@GNRs for electroanalysis of diazepam","volume":"980","author":"Narang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"2026081813080183600_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2015.07.037","article-title":"Synthesis\nof dendritic silver nanostructures supported by graphene nanosheets\nand its application for highly sensitive detection of diazepam","volume":"57","author":"Majidi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng.: C"},{"key":"2026081813080183600_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2016.08.144","article-title":"Electrochemical\ndetermination of\ndiazepam in real samples based on fullerene-functionalized carbon\nnanotubes\/ionic liquid nanocomposite","volume":"240","author":"Rahimi-Nasrabadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sens.\nActuators, B"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081813080183600_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1039\/C6AY00098C","article-title":"Voltammetric determination of diazepam using a bismuth\nmodified pencil graphite electrode","volume":"8","author":"Dehghanzade","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anal. Methods"},{"key":"2026081813080183600_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2016.12.013","article-title":"The standard\naddition method revisited","volume":"89","author":"Andersen","year":"2017","journal-title":"TrAC, Trends Anal.\nChem."},{"key":"2026081813080183600_cit57","unstructured":"AOAC Official\nMethods of Analysis, Appendix F: Guidelines for Standard\nMethod Performance Requirements; AOAC International: Gaithersburg, MD: USA, 2016; pp 1\u201316."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.5c03662","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/10\/28\/30944\/40845224\/ao5c03662.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/10\/28\/30944\/40845224\/ao5c03662.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T18:36:33Z","timestamp":1787078193000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/10\/28\/30944\/3655121\/Sustainable-Paper-Derived-Laser-Induced-Graphene"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"28","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.5c03662","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]]}}}