{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T23:18:28Z","timestamp":1788218308855,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"33","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002966","name":"Sivas Cumhuriyet ?niversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ECZ-2021-082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECZ-2021-082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002966","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002966","name":"Sivas Cumhuriyet ?niversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ECZ-2022-088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECZ-2022-088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002966","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antidepressant drugs are widely used and effective in treating mood disorders. Monitoring low concentrations of these drugs in biological samples such as solid tissues and biofluids with high sensitivity is challenging for conventional analysis methods. The present study aims to determine duloxetine molecules at trace levels in urine samples by using a simple sample preparation method and a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) system. This study presents the development of a novel separation and preconcentration method for the trace-level determination of duloxetine using HPLC-DAD following magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE). For this purpose, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)-coated magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with riboflavin (Fe3O4@TEOS-riboflavin) were synthesized and thoroughly characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Following MSPE, duloxetine exhibited a linear response over the range of 10.00\u2013800.00 ng\u00b7mL\u20131 (R2: 0.9942). The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were determined to be 3.28 and 9.60 ng\u00b7mL\u20131, respectively. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) were below 5.1% for triplicate analyses of model solutions containing 100 ng\u00b7mL\u20131 of duloxetine. Moreover, the developed method was successfully applied to both synthetic and healthy human urine samples, providing quantitative results in recovery studies. The recovery values for synthetic and human urine samples ranged from 98.1 to 102.2%, indicating that the combination of MSPE with HPLC-DAD provides a reliable approach for the accurate determination of duloxetine concentrations in urine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.5c12023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T10:01:56Z","timestamp":1786356116000},"page":"48883-48893","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analytical Methodology\nfor Sensitive Detection of\nthe Antidepressant Drug Duloxetine in Urine Samples Using Riboflavin-Coated\nFe3O4 Magnetic Particles"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4797-6003","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rihab","family":"Gargouri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sfax , , ,","place":["Sfax, Tunisia, 3018"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8742-5145","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Halil I\u0307brahim","family":"Ulusoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sivas Cumhuriyet University , , ,","place":["Sivas, Turkiye, 58140"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U\u0308mmu\u0308gu\u0308lsu\u0308m","family":"Polat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sivas Cumhuriyet University , , ,","place":["Sivas, Turkiye, 58140"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erkan","family":"Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erciyes University , , ,","place":["Kayseri, Turkiye, 38280"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Go\u0308khan","family":"Sarp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erciyes University , , ,","place":["Kayseri, Turkiye, 38280"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramzi","family":"Maalej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sfax , , ,","place":["Sfax, Tunisia, 3018"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamel","family":"Damak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sfax , , ,","place":["Sfax, Tunisia, 3018"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2007.04.005","article-title":"Reliable HPLC method for therapeutic drug monitoring\nof frequently prescribed tricyclic and nontricyclic antidepressants","volume":"44","author":"Malfara\u0301","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S2546","article-title":"The role of duloxetine in the treatment of anxiety\ndisorders","volume":"4","author":"De Berardis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfda.2018.07.003","article-title":"A rapid LC-MS\/MS method\nfor simultaneous determination\nof quetiapine and duloxetine in rat plasma and its application to\npharmacokinetic interaction study","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Food Drug\nAnal"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.1542","article-title":"Analytical procedures for the determination\nof the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant citalopram\nand its metabolites","volume":"25","author":"Unceta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.22034\/ecc.2022.324516.1298","article-title":"Investigation of the\neffect of Duloxetine on pain status\nof patients with spinal cord injuries: A systematic review of drug\ntherapy","volume":"4","author":"Hatefi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eurasian Chem. Commun"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.2165\/11539240-000000000-00000","article-title":"Duloxetine:\nClinical Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interactions","volume":"50","author":"Knadler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200923060-00006","article-title":"Duloxetine: A Review\nof its Use in the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety\nDisorder","volume":"23","author":"Carter","year":"2009","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.47583\/ijpsrr.2020.v65i02.024","article-title":"Advanced Analytical\nand Bioanalytical Estimation of\nDuloxetine Hydrochloride \u2013 An Overview","volume":"65","author":"Yalla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2020.120129","article-title":"Transdermal delivery\nof duloxetine-sulfobutylether-\u03b2-cyclodextrin complex for effective\nmanagement of depression","volume":"594","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20271","article-title":"Efficacy\nand safety of duloxetine in the treatment\nof generalized anxiety disorder: A flexible-dose, progressive-titration,\nplacebo-controlled trial","volume":"25","author":"Rynn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2013.03.007","article-title":"Duloxetine for major depressive disorder and daytime\nand nighttime hot flashes associated with the menopausal transition","volume":"75","author":"Freeman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1586\/14737175.2013.811901","article-title":"Second-generation\nantipsychotics in the treatment\nof major depressive disorder: Current evidence","volume":"13","author":"Han","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Neurother"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2007.11.048","article-title":"Simultaneous\ndetermination of citalopram, fluoxetine and their main metabolites\nin human urine samples by solid-phase microextraction coupled with\nhigh-performance liquid chromatography","volume":"46","author":"Unceta","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Pharm.\nBiomed. Anal"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2018.06.008","article-title":"Depression: A cognitive perspective","volume":"69","author":"LeMoult","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.22036\/abcr.2018.98757.1164","article-title":"Trace Determination of Duloxetine\nin Human Plasma by\na Novel Ionic Liquid-Based Ultrasound-Assisted In Situ Solvent Formation\nMicroextraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography","volume":"5","author":"Zeeb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem. Res"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2005.7.3\/pbaumann","article-title":"The AGNP-TDM\nExpert Group Consensus Guidelines: Focus\non therapeutic monitoring of antidepressants","volume":"7","author":"Baumann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. Neurosci"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1220890","article-title":"Duloxetine Serum Concentrations\nand Clinical Effects. Data from a Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM)\nSurvey","volume":"42","author":"Waldschmitt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1080\/10408347.2021.2018648","article-title":"Developments of Microextraction (Extraction)\nProcedures for Sample Preparation of Antidepressants in Biological\nand Water Samples, a Review","volume":"53","author":"Ghorbani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Anal.\nChem"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2007.01.018","article-title":"Determination of duloxetine in human plasma via LC\/MS\nand subsequent application to a pharmacokinetic study in healthy Chinese\nvolunteers","volume":"380","author":"Ma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2012.09.004","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography\u2013tandem\nmass spectrometric assay for duloxetine in human plasma: Its pharmacokinetic\napplication","volume":"3","author":"Gajula","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Anal"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2007.09.002","article-title":"Determination of duloxetine in human plasma by liquid\nchromatography with atmospheric pressure ionization\u2013tandem\nmass spectrometry and its application to pharmacokinetic study","volume":"858","author":"Senthamil Selvan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/912568","article-title":"Development and Validation\nof a LC\/MS\/MS Method for the Determination of Duloxetine in Human\nPlasma and Its Application to Pharmacokinetic Study","volume":"9","author":"Reddy","year":"2012","journal-title":"E-J. Chem"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/30.8.576","article-title":"A First Look at Duloxetine (Cymbalta| in a Postmortem Laboratory","volume":"30","author":"Anderson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Anal. Toxicol"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2007.05.031","article-title":"HPLC analysis\nof the novel antidepressant duloxetine in human plasma after an original\nsolid-phase extraction procedure","volume":"856","author":"Mercolini","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr.\nB"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/bms034","article-title":"Determination and Validation of Duloxetine Hydrochloride in Capsules\nby HPLC with Pre-Column Derivatization and Fluorescence Detection","volume":"50","author":"Tatar Ulu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. Sci"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2015.10.016","article-title":"Ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem\nmass spectrometry determination of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs\nin neonatal meconium and maternal hair","volume":"118","author":"Pichini","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pharm.\nBiomed. Anal"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/31.6.334","article-title":"Quantification of Eight\nNew Antidepressants and Five of their Active Metabolites in Whole\nBlood by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry","volume":"31","author":"Castaing","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Anal. Toxicol"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s11696-017-0253-1","article-title":"Graphene oxide\/Fe3O4@polythionine nanocomposite as\nan efficient sorbent for magnetic solid-phase extraction followed\nby high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of\nduloxetine in human plasma","volume":"72","author":"Zeeb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Pap"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2017.07.178","article-title":"Magnetic solid phase\nextraction of rizatriptan in human urine samples prior to its spectrofluorimetric\ndetermination","volume":"254","author":"Soleimani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sens Actuators, B"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-816699-4.00005-0","article-title":"5 - The use\nof magnetic nanoparticles in sample preparation devices and tools","volume-title":"Handbook of Nanomaterials in Analytical Chemistry","author":"Kec\u0327ili","year":"2020"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026083119113853200_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.2174\/1573411015666190301145042","article-title":"Innovative configurations\nof sample preparation techniques applied in bioanalytical chemistry:\nA review","volume":"15","author":"Locatelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Anal. Chem"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8358","DOI":"10.1039\/C4AY01786B","article-title":"Magnetic solid-phase\nextraction of proteins based on hydroxy functional ionic liquid-modified\nmagnetic nanoparticles","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anal. Methods"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.135312","article-title":"Analytical\nperspective and environmental remediation\npotentials of magnetic composite nanosorbents","volume":"304","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1080\/01496395.2019.1623254","article-title":"Trace analysis\nof quercetin in tea samples by HPLC-DAD system by means of a new nanocomposite\nincluding magnetic core-shell","volume":"55","author":"Ulusoy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sep. Sci. Technol"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5108","DOI":"10.1039\/C9AY01504C","article-title":"Trace determination\nof vitamin B12 in food samples by using Fe 3 O 4 magnetic particles including multi-walled carbon nanotubes and nanodiamonds","volume":"11","author":"Ulusoy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anal. Methods"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2014.04.007","article-title":"Application of magnetic nanoparticles for magnetic\nsolid-phase extraction in preparing biological, environmental and\nfood samples","volume":"59","author":"Wierucka","year":"2014","journal-title":"TrAC, Trends Anal. Chem"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2012.10.016","article-title":"Electrospun\npolyvinyl-alcohol nanofibers as oral fast-dissolving delivery system\nof caffeine and riboflavin","volume":"103","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Colloids Surf.,\nB"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit38","unstructured":"Dufour, B.\n          \n          Infrared Spectroscopy\nof Iron Oxyhydroxides and Hydroxyoxides: A Spectral Atlas, 2018. https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-01734761\/document."},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.07.070","article-title":"Development and validation of HPLC method for the determination of\nferrocyanide ion in food grade salts","volume":"239","author":"Soo Lim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.03.083","article-title":"Organophosphorus\npesticides determination\nby novel HPLC and spectrophotometric method","volume":"230","author":"Harshit","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2009.02.059","article-title":"Determination of duloxetine in human plasma by capillary\nelectrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection","volume":"877","author":"Musenga","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119113853200_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.22159\/ijpps.2019v11i3.30981","article-title":"Development and validation of UV-visible\nspectrophotometric\nmethod for determination of duloxetine","volume":"11","author":"Samal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int.\nJ. Pharm. Pharm. Sci"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5680","DOI":"10.1080\/03067319.2020.1802442","article-title":"Fast surface water\nquality analysis based on an ultra-sensitive\ndetermination of the antidepressant drug duloxetine hydrochloride\non a diamond electrode by voltammetry","volume":"102","author":"Manrique","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int.\nJ. Environ. Anal. Chem"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2020.122178","article-title":"Simultaneous determination\nof some antidepressant drugs and vitamin B12 in pharmaceutical products\nand urine sample using HPLC method","volume":"1150","author":"Mohamed","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr.\nB"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2012.11.041","article-title":"Dispersive liquid\u2013liquid\nmicroextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplets\nfollowed by high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination\nof duloxetine in human plasma","volume":"75","author":"Suh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed.\nAnal"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119113853200_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.52711\/2231-5675.2023.00024","article-title":"A Review of HPLC Method Development and Validation\nas per ICH Guidelines","volume":"13","author":"Rajmane","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asian J. Pharm. Anal.\nMed. Chem"},{"key":"2026083119113853200_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2021.462215","article-title":"Sensitive determination\nof Fluoxetine and Citalopram antidepressants\nin urine and wastewater samples by liquid chromatography coupled with\nphotodiode array detector","volume":"462215","author":"Sar\u0131kaya","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.5c12023","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/33\/48883\/66469683\/acsomega.5c12023.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/33\/48883\/66469683\/acsomega.5c12023.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T23:11:47Z","timestamp":1788217907000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/11\/33\/48883\/5251002\/Analytical-Methodology-for-Sensitive-Detection-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.5c12023","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]}}}