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The aim of this study was to investigate the antiparasitic activity of a comprehensive set of highly purified and characterized proanthocyanidin fractions with versatile procyanidin\/prodelphinidin ratios, mean degrees of polymerization, and galloyl contents. In total, 111 characterized fractions from 11 plant species were tested against the parasitic nematode Ascaris suum using migration inhibition and mortality assays. The results showed that a high mean degree of polymerization and a high proportion of prodelphinidins increased the antiparasitic activity of the fractions. The galloylated proanthocyanidin fractions did not possess especially high antiparasitic activity because of their low mean degree of polymerization. In general, highly procyanidin-rich fractions had low activity, yet there were significant differences in activity among fractions, which consisted mainly of A-type proanthocyanidins and those, which consisted mainly of B-type proanthocyanidins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c01245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T16:22:03Z","timestamp":1787415723000},"page":"50796-50804","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Isolation and Structural\nCharacterization of Refined\nProanthocyanidin Fractions Reveal Polymerization and Prodelphinidin\nRatio as Major Contributors to Antiparasitic Activity"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Milla M.","family":"Leppa\u0308","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Turku , , ,","place":["Turku, Finland, FI-20014"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8231-282X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Copenhagen , , ,","place":["K\u00f8benhavn, Denmark, DK-1165"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9964-6527","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maarit","family":"Karonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Turku , , ,","place":["Turku, Finland, FI-20014"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2912-7094","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Juha-Pekka","family":"Salminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Turku , , ,","place":["Turku, Finland, FI-20014"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4123-6039","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marica T.","family":"Engstro\u0308m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Turku , , ,","place":["Turku, Finland, FI-20014"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090307162059700_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2017.06.0369","article-title":"Benefits\nof condensed tannins in forage legumes fed to ruminants: Importance\nof structure, concentration, and diet composition","volume":"59","author":"Mueller-Harvey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crop Sci."},{"key":"2026090307162059700_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2014.04.004","article-title":"Free radical\nscavenging,\nantioxidant and cancer chemoprevention by grape seed proanthocyanidin:\nAn overview","volume":"768","author":"Bagchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mutat. 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