{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:54:06Z","timestamp":1787072046837,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"32","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003661","name":"Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00419236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00419236"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2022-NR067344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-NR067344"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Bentonite is an attractive inorganic material for biomedical applications owing to its biocompatibility and large surface area. Here, we report a straightforward yet effective alkylsuccinylation strategy to tailor the bentonite surface with hydrophobic functionalities. Successful organic modification was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The alkylsuccinylated bentonite was incorporated into gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-based hydrogels to construct inorganic\u2013organic hybrid systems. In particular, GelMA hydrogels containing octadecylsuccinylated bentonite (O-bent) exhibited 1.3-, 1.7-, and 2.8-fold increases in storage modulus (G\u2032) compared to pristine GelMA hydrogels, as measured by rheometry. The GelMA\/O-bent composite hydrogels showed no detectable cytotoxicity at O-bent contents of 0.1%. In addition, the hydrophobically modified bentonite exhibited sustained release behavior for hydrophobic molecules, indicating its potential as a drug reservoir. Moreover, the GelMA\/O-bent composites effectively adsorbed the hydrophobic osteogenic agent phenamil through a simple adsorption-washing process, achieving a loading efficiency of 65%. Phenamil-loaded GelMA\/O-bent hydrogels further demonstrated enhanced osteogenic activity in vitro, with a 1.8-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts compared to drug-free hydrogels. Overall, this work establishes alkylsuccinylation as a straightforward surface modification strategy to prepare bentonite derivatives that interact with polymer chains in hydrogel networks, thereby forming organic\u2013inorganic hybrid hydrogels with improved mechanical properties and serving as reservoirs for hydrophobic drugs in biomedical and tissue engineering applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c01369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T02:01:29Z","timestamp":1786068089000},"page":"47473-47484","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Alkylsuccinylated\nBentonite\u2013GelMA Hybrid Hydrogels\nfor Enhanced Mechanics and Osteogenic Drug Delivery"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1495-493X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kyusun","family":"Pyun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University , , 1 Gwanak-Ro , Gwanak-Gu, ,","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea, 08826"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minjae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University , , 1 Gwanak-Ro , Gwanak-Gu, ,","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea, 08826"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan Yeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University , , 1 Gwanak-Ro , Gwanak-Gu, ,","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea, 08826"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2498-1301","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University , , 1 Gwanak-Ro , Gwanak-Gu, ,","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea, 08826"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2026081810492046000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1039\/c0cs00136h","article-title":"Applications of advanced\nhybrid organic\u2013inorganic nanomaterials: from laboratory to\nmarket","volume":"40","author":"Sanchez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chem. 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Macromol."},{"key":"2026081810492046000_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bprint.2025.e00426","article-title":"Enhancing the printability\nof low-concentration GelMA through viscosity modulation and integration\nof hydroxyapatite for bone tissue engineering bioinks","volume":"50","author":"Das","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bioprinting"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026081810492046000_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3905","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00002-09","article-title":"The small molecule\nphenamil induces\nosteoblast differentiation and mineralization","volume":"29","author":"Park","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. 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