{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:13:06Z","timestamp":1788221586487,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"33","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006191","name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi ?niversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FOA-2024-3276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOA-2024-3276"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006191","name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi ?niversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FOA-2026-3799"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOA-2026-3799"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for the determination of tryptophan was developed using a bimetallic ruthenium\u2013palladium catalyst supported on carbon nanotubes (Ru\u2013Pd\/CNT). The Ru\u2013Pd\/CNT nanocomposite was synthesized via a sodium borohydride (NaBH4) reduction method, enabling the uniform deposition of Ru and Pd nanoparticles onto the CNT surface. Comprehensive physicochemical characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and temperature-programmed techniques confirmed the successful formation of a well-dispersed bimetallic system with strong metal\u2013support interactions and mixed oxidation states. The Ru\u2013Pd\/CNT catalyst was used to modify a glassy carbon electrode (Ru\u2013Pd\/CNT@GCE) and was evaluated as an electrochemical sensor for tryptophan using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The modified electrode exhibited strong electrocatalytic activity toward tryptophan oxidation and provided a large linear dynamic range (LDR) of 1\u20131200 \u03bcM, a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.05 \u03bcM, and a sensitivity of 0.0023 A M\u20131. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided theoretical insight into the enhanced sensing performance. Comparative DFT calculations for CNT, Pd\/CNT, Ru\/CNT, and Ru\u2013Pd\/CNT showed that the HOMO\u2013LUMO energy gap followed the order CNT &amp;gt; Pd\/CNT &amp;gt; Ru\/CNT &amp;gt; Ru\u2013Pd\/CNT, decreasing from 7.498 eV for pristine CNT to 0.466 eV for Ru\u2013Pd\/CNT. This trend indicates enhanced electronic activation and improved charge-transfer potential in the bimetallic Ru\u2013Pd\/CNT system. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), electron localization function (ELF), and localized orbital locator (LOL) analyses also indicated favorable electron redistribution and balanced localization\u2013delocalization behavior at the metal\u2013CNT interface. Based on the combined experimental and theoretical results, the Ru\u2013Pd\/CNT@GCE sensor represents a promising platform for sensitive and selective tryptophan detection under controlled analytical conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c02081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T08:01:53Z","timestamp":1786348913000},"page":"49341-49361","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bimetallic Ru\u2013Pd\nNanoparticles Anchored on\nCarbon Nanotubes for High-Performance Electrochemical Detection of\nTryptophan: Experimental and DFT Insights"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4164-8650","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"O\u0308mru\u0308ye","family":"O\u0308zok Ar\u0131c\u0131","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Turkey, 26040"]},{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Turkey, 26040"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8741-182X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bassam A.","family":"Najri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Turkey, 26040"]},{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Turkey, 26040"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6161-2030","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emrah","family":"Kavak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Necmettin Erbakan University , , ,","place":["Konya, Turkey, 42090"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0681-1096","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aykut","family":"Caglar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Turkey, 26040"]},{"name":"Bartin University , , ,","place":["Bartin, Turkey, 74100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4770-2686","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Arif","family":"Kivrak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Turkey, 26040"]},{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Turkey, 26040"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8001-7854","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hilal","family":"Kivrak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Turkey, 26040"]},{"name":"Eskisehir Osmangazi University , , ,","place":["Eskisehir, Turkey, 26040"]},{"name":"Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University , , ,","place":["Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, 720038"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-819815-5.00003-3","article-title":"Biochemical\nand dietary functions of tryptophan and its metabolites in human health","volume-title":"Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals in Metabolic and\nNon-Communicable Diseases","author":"Nayak","year":"2022"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119145897200_cit2","first-page":"161","article-title":"Role of\ntryptophan in health and disease: Systematic review of the anti-oxidant,\nanti-inflammation, and nutritional aspects of tryptophan and its metabolites","volume":"11","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Heart J."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119145897200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12223","article-title":"Physiological roles of tryptophan in teleosts: current knowledge\nand perspectives for future studies","volume":"11","author":"Hoseini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Aquacult."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119145897200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2022.0916","article-title":"Tryptophan\nmetabolism\nin central nervous system diseases: pathophysiology and potential\ntherapeutic strategies","volume":"14","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026083119145897200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12070998","article-title":"The role\nof tryptophan\ndysmetabolism and quinolinic acid in depressive and neurodegenerative\ndiseases","volume":"12","author":"Hestad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"17","key":"2026083119145897200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23179968","article-title":"The role of\ntryptophan metabolites in neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"23","author":"Davidson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.985378","article-title":"Tryptophan metabolism:\nMechanism-oriented therapy for neurological\nand psychiatric disorders","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9639-1_11","article-title":"Analysis of tryptophan\nand its metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography","volume-title":"Amino Acid Analysis: Methods and Protocols","author":"Dai","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-40422012000300032","article-title":"Quantification of tryptophan in plasma\nby high performance liquid chromatography","volume":"35","author":"Pinhati","year":"2012","journal-title":"Qui\u0301mica\nNova"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119145897200_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1080\/15422119.2016.1212378","article-title":"Analysis of amino acids and related compounds by capillary\nelectrophoresis","volume":"46","author":"Denoroy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Rev."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026083119145897200_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3055","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(03)00153-2","article-title":"Rapid and\ndirect determination of tryptophan in water using synchronous fluorescence\nspectroscopy","volume":"37","author":"Reynolds","year":"2003","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2013.05.036","article-title":"Enhancing\nselectivity in spectrofluorimetric determination\nof tryptophan by using graphene oxide nanosheets","volume":"787","author":"Othman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2017.08.002","article-title":"A rapid and specific\ncolorimetric method for free tryptophan quantification","volume":"176","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119145897200_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0279547","article-title":"A spectrophotometric method for the\ndetermination of tryptophan following oxidation by the addition of\nsodium hypochlorite pentahydrate","volume":"18","author":"Hosokawa","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026083119145897200_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1002\/tcr.201900092","article-title":"Electrochemical\nsensors, a bright future in the fabrication of portable kits in analytical\nsystems","volume":"20","author":"Karimi-Maleh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Rec."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119145897200_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.0c04378","article-title":"Electrochemical sensing directions\nfor next-generation healthcare: trends, challenges, and frontiers","volume":"93","author":"Herna\u0301ndez-Rodri\u0301guez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119145897200_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1021\/ac5039863","article-title":"Electrochemical\nsensors and biosensors based on nanomaterials and nanostructures","volume":"87","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026083119145897200_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios11120502","article-title":"Electrochemical amino acid sensing: a review on challenges and achievements","volume":"11","author":"Moulaee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6861","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S325099","article-title":"Recent advances in\nelectrochemical and optical sensors for detecting tryptophan and melatonin","volume":"16","author":"Khan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"issue":"23","key":"2026083119145897200_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10854-025-15521-4","article-title":"Electrocatalysts for enhanced sensing\napplications: A review of materials, performance metrics, and future\nprospects","volume":"36","author":"Chettiannan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci.:Mater. Electron."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026083119145897200_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1039\/c2nr11757f","article-title":"The new age of carbon nanotubes:\nAn updated review of functionalized carbon nanotubes in electrochemical\nsensors","volume":"4","author":"Gao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026083119145897200_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1002\/elan.201800370","article-title":"A review on the effects\nof introducing CNTs in the modification process of electrochemical\nsensors","volume":"31","author":"Beitollahi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Electroanalysis"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026083119145897200_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3295","DOI":"10.1039\/C4CS00492B","article-title":"Carbon nanotube\ncatalysts: recent advances in synthesis,\ncharacterization and applications","volume":"44","author":"Yan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Soc.\nRev."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026083119145897200_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2924","DOI":"10.1039\/C9EE00315K","article-title":"Recent advances in confining metal-based nanoparticles\ninto carbon nanotubes for electrochemical energy conversion and storage\ndevices","volume":"12","author":"Tabassum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2022.110013","article-title":"Mn-doped Ru\/RuO2 nanoclusters@\nCNT with strong metal-support\ninteraction for efficient water splitting in acidic media","volume":"242","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Composites, Part B"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026083119145897200_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2025.119144","article-title":"Tip-microenvironment engineering\nof Pd\/CNT catalysts for enhanced electrochemical dechlorination","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"issue":"18","key":"2026083119145897200_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201808281","article-title":"Identifying the activation of bimetallic sites in NiCo2S4@\ng-C3N4-CNT hybrid electrocatalysts for synergistic oxygen reduction\nand evolution","volume":"31","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026083119145897200_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pr8111380","article-title":"Au-Pd bimetallic\nnanocatalysts incorporated into carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for selective\noxidation of alkenes and alcohol","volume":"8","author":"Alshammari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Processes"},{"issue":"34","key":"2026083119145897200_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15425","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.9b02192","article-title":"Synthesis of composition-tunable\nsyngas from efficiently electrochemical conversion of CO2 over AuCu\/CNT bimetallic catalyst","volume":"58","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ind. Eng.\nChem. Res."},{"issue":"46","key":"2026083119145897200_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19875","DOI":"10.1021\/jp1085312","article-title":"High-performance\nPd-based\nhydrogen spillover catalysts for hydrogen storage","volume":"114","author":"Adams","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026083119145897200_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5885","DOI":"10.1039\/D3QI00698K","article-title":"Ru-based nanoparticles\nsupported on carbon nanotubes\nfor electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution: structural and electronic\neffects","volume":"10","author":"Romero","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Front."},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202509799","article-title":"Critical Role of\nCarbon Substrates in Optimizing Ru-Based HER Catalysts: From Dimensional\nInsights to Metal-Support Interactions Engineering","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"51","key":"2026083119145897200_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48261","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c06373","article-title":"Benchmarking Gaussian basis sets\nin quantum-chemical calculations of photoabsorption spectra of light\natomic clusters","volume":"7","author":"Mahamiya","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026083119145897200_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1080\/00268970903042258","article-title":"Gaussian\nbasis set of triple zeta valence quality for the atoms from K to Kr:\nApplication in DFT and CCSD (T) calculations of molecular properties","volume":"107","author":"Machado","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Phys."},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2025.119144","article-title":"Tip-microenvironment engineering\nof Pd\/CNT catalysts for enhanced electrochemical dechlorination","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8295","DOI":"10.1007\/s11581-025-06461-4","article-title":"Electrochemical and\ncomputational study of novel 5-fluoro-2-(methylamino) benzenesulfonamide\nas an organic catalyst for hydrazine electrooxidation","volume":"31","author":"Saidi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ionics"},{"issue":"29","key":"2026083119145897200_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.202502984","article-title":"Malononitrile-Substituted Indole\nCompounds as Highly Effective Catalysts in the Catalytic Electrooxidation\nof Hydrazine","volume":"10","author":"Calis Karatekin","year":"2025","journal-title":"ChemistrySelect"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s12678-025-00991-1","article-title":"Activity and\nStructure Analysis of Highly Functional Ru-Pt-Ni\/AC Nanocatalysts\nfor Efficient Glucose Electrooxidation","author":"Ulas\u0327","year":"2025","journal-title":"Electrocatalysis"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2025.05.063","article-title":"Iridium-melamine metal-organic\nframework: A novel catalyst\nfor efficient hydrogen generation via sodium borohydride methanolysis","volume":"136","author":"Najri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27182","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.5c02472","article-title":"Enhanced Hydrazine\nElectrooxidation through Benzofuran Derivatives Containing \u03b1,\n\u03b2-Unsaturated Dicyano Groups: Synthesis, Electrocatalytic Performance,\nand Insights from DFT and Topological Analysis","volume":"10","author":"Najri","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026083119145897200_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202500895","article-title":"Evaluation\nof the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Iodo Benzofuran Derivatives:\nIn Vivo and In Silico Studies","volume":"22","author":"Najri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Biodiversity"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2025.116771","article-title":"A novel pyrazole-Malonitrile\nderivative for CA-125\nelectrochemical sensing: Synthesis, molecular docking, and DFT analysis","volume":"220","author":"Najri","year":"2026","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mseb.2025.118694","article-title":"Recycled PET-Based\nCNT composite as an efficient catalyst for sodium borohydride methanolysis:\nA combined experimental and DFT approach","volume":"323","author":"Najri","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mater.\nSci. Eng. B"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2025.02.011","article-title":"Enhanced hydrogen production from sodium borohydride\nmethanolysis on amine-functionalized graphene oxide: Insights from\ndensity functional theory and topological analyses","volume":"142","author":"Kivrak","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2020.09.572","article-title":"Vibrational\n(FT-IR, FT Raman), electronic and docking studies and wave function\nanalysis with quantum chemical computation on 3-Bromophenyl acetic\nacid: A potential amidase inhibitor","volume":"50","author":"Rahuman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater.\nToday: Proc."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119145897200_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/ogr.1000104","article-title":"Synthesis\nof carbon nanotubes for oil-water interfacial tension reduction","volume":"1","author":"Soleimani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oil Gas Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026083119145897200_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1246\/cl.160243","article-title":"Facile synthesis\nof PdAgCo trimetallic nanoparticles for formic acid electrochemical\noxidation","volume":"45","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Lett."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026083119145897200_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10187","DOI":"10.20964\/2017.11.61","article-title":"Investigation\nof carbon supported Ru\u2013Pt nanoparticles for high\u2013performance\nelectrocatalytic oxidation of methanol","volume":"12","author":"Dang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int.\nJ. Electrochem. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026083119145897200_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1007\/s10876-022-02352-0","article-title":"Synthesis and electrochemical characterization\nof CNTs-based multi metal sulphide nanocomposite for supercapacitor\napplications","volume":"34","author":"Xavier","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cluster Sci."},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.electacta.2017.02.016","article-title":"Three-dimensional porous graphene-encapsulated\nCNT@ SnO2 composite for high-performance lithium and sodium\nstorage","volume":"230","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Electrochim. Acta"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-100079-3.00010-7","article-title":"Flame retardance\nand thermal stability of polymer\/graphene nanosheet oxide composites","volume-title":"Fillers and Reinforcements for Advanced Nanocomposites","author":"Chiang","year":"2015"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026083119145897200_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA09595C","article-title":"Screw-like\nPdPt nanowires as highly efficient electrocatalysts for methanol and\nethylene glycol oxidation","volume":"6","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. A"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026083119145897200_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2593","DOI":"10.1002\/cctc.201800185","article-title":"Ru@ PsIL-Catalyzed Synthesis of N-Formamides\nand Benzimidazole by using Carbon Dioxide and Dimethylamine Borane","volume":"10","author":"Saptal","year":"2018","journal-title":"ChemCatChem"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026083119145897200_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3100","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.5b00037","article-title":"RuPd alloy nanoparticles\nsupported on N-doped carbon as an efficient\nand stable catalyst for benzoic acid hydrogenation","volume":"5","author":"Tang","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119145897200_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app13010036","article-title":"A Systematical\nComparison of Catalytic Behavior of NM\/\u03b3-Al2O3 (NM= Ru, Rh, Pt, Pd, Au, Ir) on 1, 2-Dichloroethane Oxidation:\nDistributions of By-Products and Reaction Mechanism","volume":"13","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119145897200_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-3373(03)00129-2","article-title":"State of Ru on CeO2 and\nits catalytic activity in the wet oxidation of acetic acid","volume":"45","author":"Hosokawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Catal., B"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit57","first-page":"516","article-title":"Characterization\nand reactivity of TiO2 supported nano ruthenium catalysts for vapour\nphase hydrogenolysis of glycerol","volume":"53","author":"Kumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J.\nChem."},{"issue":"14","key":"2026083119145897200_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2011.04.122","article-title":"Hydrogenation\nof carbon monoxide over cobalt nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes","volume":"36","author":"Lv","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Hydrogen Energy"},{"issue":"50","key":"2026083119145897200_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56095","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c18188","article-title":"Facile strategy to\nextend stability of simple component-alumina-supported palladium catalysts\nfor efficient methane combustion","volume":"12","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl.\nMater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119145897200_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2011.07.022","article-title":"Selective\nCO oxidation in a hydrogen-rich\nstream over Ru\/SiO2","volume":"185","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Catal. Today"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119145897200_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios11020036","article-title":"Investigation of L-tryptophan\nelectrochemical oxidation with a graphene-modified electrode","volume":"11","author":"Pogacean","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2023.108737","article-title":"Electrochemical sensors for screening\nof tyrosine and tryptophan as biomarkers for diseases: A narrative\nreview","volume":"190","author":"Nasimi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026083119145897200_cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-023-05970-1","article-title":"Innovative\nelectrochemical platform for the simultaneous\ndetermination of l-DOPA and l-tyrosine using layer-by-layer assembled\nL-proline-linked nanodiamonds on printed graphene","volume":"190","author":"Kaewjua","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microchim. Acta"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026083119145897200_cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1080\/15567036.2013.809391","article-title":"An ethanol electrooxidation\nstudy\non carbon-supported Pt-Ru nanoparticles for direct ethanol fuel cells","volume":"38","author":"Sahin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Energy Sources, Part A"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026083119145897200_cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-023-05832-w","article-title":"Shedding\nlight on the calculation\nof electrode electroactive area and heterogeneous electron transfer\nrate constants at graphite screen-printed electrodes","volume":"190","author":"Trachioti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microchim. Acta"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026083119145897200_cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.21577\/0103-5053.20210080","article-title":"Estimating the electrochemically\nactive area: revisiting a basic concept in electrochemistry","volume":"32","author":"Coelho","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Braz. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119145897200_cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2009.11.062","article-title":"Highly sensitive\nand selective tryptophan colorimetric sensor based on 4, 4-bipyridine-functionalized\nsilver nanoparticles","volume":"145","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2020.129084","article-title":"A chiral\ncarbazole based sensor for sequential \u201con-off-on\u201d fluorescence\ndetection of Fe3+ and tryptophan\/histidine","volume":"328","author":"Pundi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1134\/S1023193514100024","article-title":"Gel-assisted\nsynthesis of anatase\nTiO2 nanoparticles and application for electrochemical\ndetermination of L-tryptophan","volume":"50","author":"Bagheri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Russ. J. Electrochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119145897200_cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2009.07.013","article-title":"Electrochemical behavior\nand voltammetric determination of tryptophan based on 4-aminobenzoic\nacid polymer film modified glassy carbon electrode","volume":"74","author":"Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Colloids Surf., B"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit71","first-page":"109","article-title":"Linear Sweep\nVoltammetry Determination of L-Tryptophan and L-Tyrosine using Copper\nNanoparticles Coated on Poly (Ortho-Phenylenediamine) Nanocomposite\nModified Glassy Carbon Electrode","author":"Prabakaran","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nanosci.\nTechnol."},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2015.08.034","article-title":"Electrochemical preparation of nickel\nand copper oxides-decorated\ngraphene composite for simultaneous determination of dopamine, acetaminophen\nand tryptophan","volume":"146","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026083119145897200_cit73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1002\/elan.200503455","article-title":"Simultaneous\nand direct determination of tryptophan\nand tyrosine at boron-doped diamond electrode","volume":"18","author":"Zhao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Electroanalysis"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-011-0556-9","article-title":"Electrochemistry and\nvoltammetric determination of L-tryptophan and L-tyrosine using a\nglassy carbon electrode modified with a Nafion\/TiO2-graphene\ncomposite film","volume":"173","author":"Fan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microchim. Acta"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119145897200_cit75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1080\/14328917.2021.1906560","article-title":"Electrochemical analysis of L-Tryptophan\nat highly sensitive poly (Glycine) modified carbon nanotube paste\nsensor","volume":"26","author":"S Prinith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Innovations"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026083119145897200_cit76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9726","DOI":"10.1021\/nn2032227","article-title":"Improving the electrical\nconductivity of carbon nanotube\nnetworks: A first-principles study","volume":"5","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026083119145897200_cit77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.202400707","article-title":"Bimetallic Ruthenium-Cobalt Catalyst\nSupported on Carbon Nanotubes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application\nin Electrochemical Sensing of Isoleucine","volume":"12","author":"Ar\u0131c\u0131","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv.\nMater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2024.09.080","article-title":"Enhanced performance of CNT supported\nbimetallic PdM (M= Cr, Ta, Bi, Hf) catalysts as anode electrode for\nammonia borane electrooxidation","volume":"191","author":"Kaya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Process Saf.\nEnviron. Prot."},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpap.2021.100022","article-title":"Molecular electrostatic potential\n(MEP) surface analysis of chemo\nsensors: An extra supporting hand for strength, selectivity &\nnon-traditional interactions","volume":"6","author":"Lakshminarayanan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Photochem.\nPhotobiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026083119145897200_cit80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11082-020-02467-6","article-title":"Mapping molecular electrostatic potential\n(MESP) for fulleropyrrolidine and its derivatives","volume":"52","author":"Bayoumy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opt. Quantum Electron."},{"key":"2026083119145897200_cit81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpap.2021.100022","article-title":"Molecular electrostatic Potential\n(MEP) surface analysis of chemo\nsensors: An extra supporting hand for strength, selectivity &\nnon-traditional interactions","volume":"6","author":"Lakshminarayanan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Photochem.\nPhotobiol."},{"issue":"31","key":"2026083119145897200_cit82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-648X\/ab7fd8","article-title":"Distinguishing between chemical bonding and physical\nbinding using electron localization function (ELF)","volume":"32","author":"Koumpouras","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Phys.: Condens. Matter"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026083119145897200_cit83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3911","DOI":"10.1021\/cr030085x","article-title":"Theoretical evaluation\nof electron delocalization in aromatic molecules by means of atoms\nin molecules (AIM) and electron localization function (ELF) topological\napproaches","volume":"105","author":"Poater","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119145897200_cit84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.199201871","article-title":"Electron\nlocalization in solid-state structures of\nthe elements: the diamond structure","volume":"31","author":"Savin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Angew.\nChem., Int. Ed."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026083119145897200_cit85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.3126\/jncs.v45i2.83038","article-title":"Quantum Chemical Exploration of Carbonofluoridic Acid\u2019s\nStructural, Electronic, and Spectroscopic Properties","volume":"45","author":"Basnet","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nepal Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119145897200_cit86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s42250-024-01148-1","article-title":"Prediction\nof ESR1 network and molecular modeling analysis\nof bioactive molecules from ficus microcarpa targeting ER-alpha for\nbreast cancer therapy","volume":"8","author":"Chandran","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Afr."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119145897200_cit87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/qua.70006","article-title":"Spectroscopic,\nDFT, In Silico, and Estimation of Biological Activity of 2, 4-Dichloro-6,\n7-Dimethoxyquinazoline as a Potential Anti-Alzheimer\u2019s Disease\nTherapeutic Agent","volume":"125","author":"Asokan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Quantum Chem."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c02081","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/33\/49341\/66469415\/acsomega.6c02081.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/33\/49341\/66469415\/acsomega.6c02081.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T23:15:10Z","timestamp":1788218110000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/11\/33\/49341\/5250984\/Bimetallic-Ru-Pd-Nanoparticles-Anchored-on-Carbon"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c02081","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]}}}