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Here, Co\u2013Cr alloys containing tantalum (Ta; 0, 3, 6, and 9 wt %) were synthesized by electric-arc melting to assess how Ta content influences bulk and surface properties across scales. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Vickers Microhardness, Wettability, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and Atomic Force Microscopy\/Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (AFM\/KPFM) were employed. Bioactivity and biocompatibility were evaluated by immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) and cell-viability assays. Ta addition promoted the coexistence of Co allotropes (\u03b5Co and \u03b1Co) and the formation of a secondary TaCo2 phase, resulting in a dendritic microstructure. Microhardness increased significantly, reaching 466 \u00b1 27 HV0.5 for 9 wt % Ta (\u224877% above the Ta-free alloy). Surface-potential mapping revealed \u22481500% higher local potential differences and composition-dependent work function distribution, indicating Ta-driven electronic heterogeneity. The alloys were cytocompatible under extract exposure conditions, suggesting that Ta-induced surface changes may indirectly modulate the biological response. SBF tests confirmed improved in vitro bioactivity, with apatite nucleation on all alloys; the 6 wt % Ta composition produced the thickest Ca\/P-rich layer (\u223c1.3 \u03bcm). Overall, Ta addition modulated the microstructure, localized deformation resistance, surface electronic response, and in vitro biological behavior of Co\u2013Cr alloys, with 6 wt % Ta showing the most balanced response among the investigated compositions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c02438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T19:52:30Z","timestamp":1784145150000},"page":"43598-43610","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tantalum-Doped\nCo\u2013Cr Alloys: Multiscale Effects\non Mechanics, Surface Potential, and Biological Responses"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4631-8917","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Beatriz da Silva","family":"Batista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Maranha\u0303o, Advanced Unit , , , ,","place":["Imperatriz, Maranha\u0303o, Brazil, 65915-060"]},{"name":"Federal University of Maranha\u0303o, Campus Bacanga , , , ,","place":["Sa\u0303o Lui\u0301s, Maranha\u0303o, Brazil, 65085-580"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa Maria","family":"Viana Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Maranha\u0303o, Campus Bacanga , , , ,","place":["Sa\u0303o Lui\u0301s, Maranha\u0303o, Brazil, 65085-580"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Filgueiras Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranha\u0303o , Monte Castelo, , ,","place":["Sa\u0303o Lui\u0301s, Maranha\u0303o, Brazil, 65030-005"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Napolea\u0303o","family":"Martins Argo\u0302lo Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Piaui\u0301 , , , ,","place":["Teresina, Piaui\u0301, Brazil, 64049-550"]},{"name":"Federal University of Piaui\u0301 , , , ,","place":["Teresina, Piaui\u0301, Brazil, 64049-550"]},{"name":"Federal University of Piaui\u0301 , , , ,","place":["Teresina, Piaui\u0301, Brazil, 64049-550"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8817-0156","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alan Silva","family":"de Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Maranha\u0303o, Advanced Unit , , , ,","place":["Imperatriz, Maranha\u0303o, Brazil, 65915-060"]},{"name":"Federal University of Maranha\u0303o, Campus Bacanga , , , ,","place":["Sa\u0303o Lui\u0301s, Maranha\u0303o, Brazil, 65085-580"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7233-0776","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Luzeli Moreira","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Maranha\u0303o, Advanced Unit , , , ,","place":["Imperatriz, Maranha\u0303o, Brazil, 65915-060"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7822-2354","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pierre Basi\u0301lio Almeida","family":"Fechine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Ceara\u0301 , , Campus do Pici , , ,","place":["Fortaleza, Ceara\u0301, Brazil, 60455-760"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0905-481X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ralph","family":"Santos-Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy and Synthesis of New Radiopharmaceuticals , , ,","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 21941-906"]},{"name":"State University of Rio de Janeiro , , ,","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 23070-200"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8210-2016","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Luciana Magalha\u0303es Rebe\u0302lo","family":"Alencar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Maranha\u0303o, Advanced Unit , , , ,","place":["Imperatriz, Maranha\u0303o, Brazil, 65915-060"]},{"name":"Federal University of Maranha\u0303o, Campus Bacanga , , , ,","place":["Sa\u0303o Lui\u0301s, Maranha\u0303o, Brazil, 65085-580"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072810092589500_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmrt.2023.06.031","article-title":"Structural,\nmechanical and tribological performance of a nano structured biomaterial\nCo\u2013Cr\u2013Mo alloy synthesized via mechanical alloying","volume":"25","author":"Fellah","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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