{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:11:43Z","timestamp":1790093503364,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"37","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001407","name":"Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BT\/INF\/22\/SP2543\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/INF\/22\/SP2543\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Exatecan, a potent topoisomerase 1 inhibitor and a potent anticancer agent, is derived from naturally occurring camptothecin. Its clinical development has been halted due to dose-limiting toxicities and a shorter plasma half-life in humans. To overcome these challenges, we synthesized a novel human serum albumin nanoparticle (Exa-HSA-NPs) for selective cancer therapy. The Exa-HSA-NPs exhibited a uniform spherical morphology with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 147 nm, zeta potential of \u221224 mV, and a very low polydispersity index (PDI &amp;lt; 0.1). STEM-EDS mapping confirmed homogeneous distribution of exatecan within the albumin medium. In vitro release kinetics demonstrated pH-responsive, sustained drug release for up to 9 days, with faster release in acidic (tumor-like) conditions. Molecular docking of exatecan with HSA revealed the formation of a stable complex stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Exa-HSA-NPs displayed potent cytotoxicity in oral cancer (AW13516) and lung cancer (A549) cells, with significantly reduced toxicity in non-cancerous HEK293T cells. Cellular uptake analysis revealed preferential NPs internalization in cancer cells (70% in AW13516, 63% in A549) compared with normal cells (27%), consistent with gp60 and SPARC-mediated albumin uptake mechanisms. Apoptosis assays confirmed selective induction of cancer cell death with minimal impact on normal cells. The Exa-HSA-NPs exhibited excellent biodegradability and hemocompatibility, indicating favorable safety and potential for clinical translation. Overall, Exa-HSA-NPs offer a promising strategy for the sustained, selective tumor delivery of exatecan, with an improved therapeutic index and reduced systemic toxicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c02568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T16:01:53Z","timestamp":1789228913000},"page":"55138-55152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exatecan-Loaded\nHSA Nanoparticles for Sustained Release\nand Enhanced Cancer Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1474-701X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vazhayil Hari","family":"Krishnaprasad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus , , NH17 B, Zuarinagar , , ,","place":["Sancoale, GOA, India, 403726"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijayashree","family":"Nayak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus , , NH17 B, Zuarinagar , , ,","place":["Sancoale, GOA, India, 403726"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8914-8519","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ranjan","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus , , NH17 B, Zuarinagar , , ,","place":["Sancoale, GOA, India, 403726"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3888","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00968a057","article-title":"Plant Antitumor Agents. I. The Isolation and Structure\nof Camptothecin, a Novel Alkaloidal Leukemia and Tumor Inhibitor from Camptotheca acuminata\u00a0.","volume":"88","author":"Wall","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"27","key":"2026092210572285100_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4441","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.07.0201","article-title":"Randomized Phase III Study of Exatecan\nand Gemcitabine Compared with Gemcitabine Alone in Untreated Advanced\nPancreatic Cancer","volume":"24","author":"Abou-Alfa","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026092210572285100_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2014.378","article-title":"Preferential Potentiation of Topoisomerase\nI Poison Cytotoxicity by PARP Inhibition in S Phase","volume":"111","author":"Znojek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026092210572285100_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2894","DOI":"10.1021\/cr900097c","article-title":"DNA Topoisomerase\nI Inhibitors: Chemistry, Biology, and Interfacial Inhibition","volume":"109","author":"Pommier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2025.01.006","article-title":"Self-Assembled\nDoxorubicin Prodrug Riding on the Albumin\nExpress Train Enable Tumor Targeting and Bio-Activation","volume":"684","author":"Hao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3493","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S500997","article-title":"Wolf in Sheep\u2019s\nClothing: Taming Cancer\u2019s Resistance with Human Serum Albumin?","volume":"20","author":"Stukan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6945","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S467876","article-title":"Albumin Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery\nSystems","volume":"19","author":"Qu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107922","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2025.107922","article-title":"Preparation and Evaluation\nof Human Serum Albumin-Based Nanoparticles for Combined Photothermal\nand Chemotherapy in Colorectal Cancer Treatment","volume":"116","author":"He","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Drug Delivery Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medidd.2025.100218","article-title":"Serum Albumin Nanoparticles: Ligand\nFunctionalization for Enhanced Targeted Therapeutics in Precision\nMedicine","volume":"27","author":"Shahapurmath","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med. Drug Discovery"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026092210572285100_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anbr.202500011","article-title":"Advances\non Albumin-Based Carriers for Anticancer Drug Delivery","volume":"5","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. NanoBiomed. Res."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crstbi.2023.100114","article-title":"Unraveling\nthe Versatility of Human\nSerum Albumin \u2013 A Comprehensive Review of Its Biological Significance\nand Therapeutic Potential","volume":"6","author":"Ashraf","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Struct.\nBiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026092210572285100_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00046","article-title":"The Uniqueness\nof Albumin as a Carrier in Nanodrug Delivery","volume":"18","author":"Spada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40005-024-00687-6","article-title":"Recent\nAdvances in Albumin Nanoparticle-Based Cancer Therapies","volume":"55","author":"Shrestha","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Invest."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1007\/s12257-019-0512-9","article-title":"Albumin: An Emerging\nOpportunity\nin Drug Delivery","volume":"25","author":"Rahimizadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026092210572285100_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2021.05.001","article-title":"Human Serum\nAlbumin as Multifunctional Nanocarrier for Cancer Therapy","volume":"110","author":"Zeeshan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2013.04.023","article-title":"Albumin\nas a Versatile Platform for\nDrug Half-Life Extension","volume":"1830","author":"Sleep","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys.\nActa, Gen. Subj."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026092210572285100_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2008.05.010","article-title":"Albumin as\na Drug Carrier: Design of Prodrugs, Drug Conjugates and Nanoparticles","volume":"132","author":"Kratz","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Controlled Release"},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medidd.2024.100186","article-title":"Albumin Is a Reliable Drug-Delivering\nMolecule: Highlighting Points\nin Cancer Therapy","volume":"22","author":"Asrorov","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med. Drug Discovery"},{"issue":"7451","key":"2026092210572285100_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12138","article-title":"Macropinocytosis of\nProtein Is an Amino Acid Supply Route in Ras-Transformed Cells","volume":"497","author":"Commisso","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026092210572285100_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.03.005","article-title":"Sacituzumab Govitecan,\na Trop-2-Directed Antibody-Drug Conjugate, for Patients with Epithelial\nCancer: Final Safety and Efficacy Results from the Phase I\/II IMMU-132-01\nBasket Trial","volume":"32","author":"Bardia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026092210572285100_cit21","first-page":"1045","article-title":"The trastuzumab era:\nCurrent and upcoming targeted HER2+ breast cancer therapies","volume":"10","author":"Kreutzfeldt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Cancer Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026092210572285100_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-21-0206","article-title":"Datopotamab Deruxtecan,\na Novel TROP2-Directed Antibody-Drug Conjugate, Demonstrates Potent\nAntitumor Activity by Efficient Drug Delivery to Tumor Cells","volume":"20","author":"Okajima","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit23","unstructured":"FDA Approves Datopotamab Deruxtecan-DLNK for Unresectable\nor Metastatic\nHR-Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancer; U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/resources-information-approved-drugs\/fda-approves-datopotamab-deruxtecan-dlnk-unresectable-or-metastatic-hr-positive-her2-negative-breast(accessed Oct 11, 2025)."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.2147\/BCTT.S480796","article-title":"Comparative Analysis and Future Prospects\nof Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) and Trophoblast\nCell-Surface Antigen 2 (Trop-2) Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugates\nin Breast Cancer Treatment","volume":"16","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Breast Cancer: Targets\nTher."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092210572285100_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03199.x","article-title":"DE-310, a Novel Macromolecular Carrier System for the Camptothecin\nAnalog DX-8951f: Potent Antitumor Activities in Various Murine Tumor\nModels","volume":"95","author":"Kumazawa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026092210572285100_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-005-1442-2","article-title":"DE-310, a\nMacromolecular Prodrug\nof the Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor Exatecan (DX-8951), in Patients with\nOperable Solid Tumors","volume":"23","author":"Wente","year":"2005","journal-title":"Invest. New Drugs"},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1329636","article-title":"GP60 and SPARC as Albumin Receptors:\nKey Targeted Sites for the Delivery of Antitumor Drugs","volume":"15","author":"Ji","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026092210572285100_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1924","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6602213","article-title":"Overexpression\nof SPARC Gene in Human Gastric Carcinoma and Its Clinic-Pathologic\nSignificance","volume":"91","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2021.775743","article-title":"SPARC Overexpression Promotes Liver\nCancer Cell Proliferation\nand Tumor Growth","volume":"8","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"issue":"41","key":"2026092210572285100_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25968","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.41.25968","article-title":"Gp60 Activation\nMediates Albumin Transcytosis in Endothelial Cells by Tyrosine Kinase-Dependent\nPathway","volume":"272","author":"Tiruppathi","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"14","key":"2026092210572285100_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4748","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-2449","article-title":"Preconditioned Endothelial\nProgenitor Cells Reduce Formation of Melanoma Metastases through SPARC-Driven\nCell-Cell Interactions and Endocytosis","volume":"71","author":"Defresne","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer\nRes."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2021.746646","article-title":"Recent Advancements in Serum Albumin-Based\nNanovehicles Toward Potential\nCancer Diagnosis and Therapy","volume":"9","author":"Shen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026092210572285100_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1586\/ecp.11.7","article-title":"Nab-Paclitaxel\nin the Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"4","author":"Montero","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"17","key":"2026092210572285100_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.39.5848","article-title":"Weekly\nNab-Paclitaxel in Combination with Carboplatin versus Solvent-Based\nPaclitaxel plus Carboplatin as First-Line Therapy in Patients with\nAdvanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Final Results of a Phase III\nTrial","volume":"30","author":"Socinski","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092210572285100_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.181","article-title":"Survival, Quality-Adjusted Survival,\nand Other Clinical\nEnd Points in Older Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated\nwith Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel","volume":"113","author":"Langer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026092210572285100_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.6092\/1590-8577\/2028","article-title":"U.S. Food\nand Drug Administration Approves Paclitaxel Protein-Bound Particles\n(Abraxane\u00ae) in Combination with Gemcitabine as First-Line Treatment\nof Patients with Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer","volume":"14","author":"Saif","year":"2013","journal-title":"JOP. J. Pancreas"},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit37","unstructured":"Drug Approval Package: Abraxane (Paclitaxel Protein-Bound Particles)\nInjectable Suspension; U.S. Food and Drug\nAdministration. https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cder\/daf\/index.cfm?event=BasicSearch.process (accessed October 11, 2025)."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2014.09.028","article-title":"Systematic Study on the Preparation\nof BSA Nanoparticles","volume":"123","author":"Galisteo-Gonza\u0301lez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026092210572285100_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.prot102269","article-title":"Bradford\nAssay for Determining Protein\nConcentration","volume":"2020","author":"Kielkopf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Protoc."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2867-13-89","article-title":"Acidic Extracellular Microenvironment\nand Cancer","volume":"13","author":"Kato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit41","unstructured":"The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System, Version 3.1.0; Schro\u0308dinger, LLC."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2269-7_19","article-title":"Small-Molecule Library Screening by Docking with PyRx","volume":"1263","author":"Dallakyan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W443","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv315","article-title":"PLIP: Fully\nAutomated Protein\u2013Ligand Interaction Profiler","volume":"43","author":"Salentin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2026092210572285100_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2007.06.028","article-title":"Human Serum Albumin\n(HSA) Nanoparticles: Reproducibility of Preparation Process and Kinetics\nof Enzymatic Degradation","volume":"347","author":"Langer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092210572285100_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01612674","article-title":"Establishment and Characterization\nof Four New Squamous\nCell Carcinoma Cell Lines Derived from Oral Tumors","volume":"116","author":"Tatake","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026092210572285100_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/51.5.1417","article-title":"In Vitro\nCultivation of Human Tumors","volume":"51","author":"Giard","year":"1973","journal-title":"Establishment of\nCell Lines Derived from a Series of Solid\nTumors. J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092210572285100_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-36-1-59","article-title":"Characteristics of\na Human Cell Line Transformed by DNA from Human Adenovirus Type 5","volume":"36","author":"Graham","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-080-5_20","article-title":"Cell Sensitivity Assays:\nThe MTT Assay","volume":"731","author":"van Meerloo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092210572285100_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1039\/b612870j","article-title":"Effect of the Labelling\nRatio on the Photophysics of Fluorescein Isothiocyanate (FITC) Conjugated\nto Bovine Serum Albumin","volume":"6","author":"Hungerford","year":"2007","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol.\nSci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092210572285100_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7187","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-55600-w","article-title":"High\nBiocompatible FITC-Conjugated Silica Nanoparticles for Cell Labeling\nin Both in Vitro and in Vivo Models","volume":"14","author":"Nguyen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092210572285100_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.08.079","article-title":"Nanocarriers\nfor Intravenous Injection \u2500 The Long Hard Road to the Market","volume":"457","author":"Wacker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026092210572285100_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-019-1772-y","article-title":"Encapsulation\nof Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate into Albumin Nanoparticles Improves\nPharmacokinetic and Bioavailability in Rat Model","volume":"9","author":"Ramesh","year":"2019","journal-title":"3 Biotech"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026092210572285100_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-0987(00)00169-X","article-title":"Ganciclovir-Loaded\nAlbumin Nanoparticles: Characterization and In Vitro Release Properties","volume":"12","author":"Merodio","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092210572285100_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.20172","article-title":"DNA Labeling in Living Cells","volume":"67A","author":"Martin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cytometry Part A"},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1295323","article-title":"Biodegradable\nPolyester-Based\nNano Drug Delivery System in Cancer Chemotherapy: A Review of Recent\nProgress (2021\u20132023)","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng.\nBiotechnol."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.601626","article-title":"Biodegradable\nPolymeric Nanoparticles\nfor Drug Delivery to Solid Tumors","volume":"12","author":"Gagliardi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2022.969809","article-title":"Recent Advances in the Development\nof Biocompatible Nanocarriers and Their Cancer Cell Targeting Efficiency\nin Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"10","author":"Dhilip Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Chem."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.855019","article-title":"pH-Responsive Polymer Nanomaterials\nfor Tumor Therapy","volume":"12","author":"Chu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092210572285100_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-97081-1","article-title":"A\nPH-Sensitive Nanocarrier Based on BSA-Stabilized Graphene-Chitosan\nNanocomposite for Sustained and Prolonged Release of Anticancer Agents","volume":"11","author":"Gooneh-Farahani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026092210572285100_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4394","DOI":"10.1039\/C9NJ05847H","article-title":"BSA Nanoparticles\nas Controlled Release Carriers for Isophethalaldoxime Palladacycle\nComplex: Synthesis, Characterization, in Vitro Evaluation, Cytotoxicity\nand Release Kinetics Analysis","volume":"44","author":"Karami","year":"2020","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2017.07.048","article-title":"Tuning\nthe Binding, Release and Cytotoxicity\nof Hydrophobic Drug by Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles: Influence\nof Particle Size","volume":"158","author":"Das","year":"2017","journal-title":"Colloids Surf., B"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026092210572285100_cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1186\/1556-276X-9-343","article-title":"Bovine Serum Albumin\nNanoparticles as Controlled Release Carrier for Local Drug Delivery\nto the Inner Ear","volume":"9","author":"Yu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res. Lett."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1021\/mp400027q","article-title":"Subdomain\nIB Is the Third Major Drug Binding Region of Human Serum Albumin:\nToward the Three-Sites Model","volume":"10","author":"Zsila","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"42","key":"2026092210572285100_cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12540","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00208a002","article-title":"Marked Interspecies\nVariations Concerning the Interactions\nof Camptothecin with Serum Albumins: A Frequency-Domain Fluorescence\nSpectroscopic Study","volume":"33","author":"Mi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026092210572285100_cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(02)01297-2","article-title":"The Activity\nProfile of the Hexacyclic Camptothecin Derivative DX-8951f in Experimental\nHuman Colon Cancer and Ovarian Cancer","volume":"64","author":"van Hattum","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem.\nPharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026092210572285100_cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2021.10.019","article-title":"Epithelial\nand Fibroblast SPARC Expression Patterns in Oral Leukoplakia and Oral\nSquamous Cell Carcinoma","volume":"134","author":"Poomsawat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oral Surg. Oral Med.\nOral Pathol. Oral Radiol."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026092210572285100_cit67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2220173120","article-title":"Reverse-QTY Code Design of Active Human Serum Albumin\nSelf-Assembled\nAmphiphilic Nanoparticles for Effective Anti-Tumor Drug Doxorubicin\nRelease in Mice","volume":"120","author":"Meng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.\nS. A."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01642-x","article-title":"Smart Nanoparticles\nfor Cancer Therapy","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduction Targeted\nTher."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2020.00193","article-title":"Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery\nin Cancer Therapy and Its Role in\nOvercoming Drug Resistance","volume":"7","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"2026092210572285100_cit70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmt.2023.09.001","article-title":"Review of the Efficacy of Nanoparticle-Based\nDrug Delivery Systems for Cancer Treatment","volume":"5","author":"Elumalai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026092210572285100_cit71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpt.2024.11.002","article-title":"Advances in Nanoparticle-Mediated\nCancer Therapeutics: Current Research and Future Perspectives","volume":"3","author":"Deivayanai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Pathog. Ther."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c02568","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/37\/55138\/68492023\/acsomega.6c02568.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/37\/55138\/68492023\/acsomega.6c02568.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T15:43:20Z","timestamp":1790091800000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/11\/37\/55138\/5428905\/Exatecan-Loaded-HSA-Nanoparticles-for-Sustained"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"37","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c02568","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]]}}}