{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:51:13Z","timestamp":1791921073419,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"40","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005668","name":"Funda??o de Apoio ? 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In this study, we developed and characterized andiroba oil-based nanoemulsions (NeAnd) and gel-based nanostructured formulation (NeAndG) to investigate their physicochemical stability and initial in vitro biological effects in wound healing-related cells. Chemical characterization by GC-MS confirmed the presence of limonoids (including gedunin and its derivatives), \u03b2-sitosterol, and oleic acid in andiroba oil composition, compounds associated with anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. The nanoemulsions exhibited hydrodynamic diameters &amp;lt;200 nm, low polydispersity indices (&amp;lt;0.3), and a negative surface charge, indicating a homogeneous and stable nanostructured system. After incorporation into the Carbopol hydrogel, the nanodroplets maintained nanoscale size while exhibiting a markedly increased negative \u03b6 potential (\u2248 \u221274 mV), suggesting enhanced colloidal stability. Long-term stability assays demonstrated that the gel matrix significantly improved thermal stability and prevented nanodroplet aggregation compared with the nanoemulsion alone during storage (4, 25, and 37 \u00b0C for 120 days). In vitro assays using human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (HGF) showed a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability. Scratch assay analysis revealed no significant enhancement of cell migration compared with controls, suggesting that the biological activity of andiroba oil in this context may involve mechanisms other than cell migration. Overall, these results demonstrate that the andiroba oil nanogel represents a stable and biocompatible nanoplatform suitable for further investigation in wound healing-related studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c02635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:01:28Z","timestamp":1790902888000},"page":"60734-60747","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Andiroba Oil (\n                    <i>Carapa guianensis<\/i>\n                    Aublet)\nGel-Based Nanoemulsion: Development, Characterization, and In Vitro\nEvaluation in Wound Healing-Related Cells"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Vito\u0301ria R. P.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB) , , Campus Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]},{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB) , , Campus Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7434-6491","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Atailson O.","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB), Centro Metropolitano , , Ceilandia Sul , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 72220-275"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mosar C.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB) , , Campus Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]},{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB) , , Campus Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen R.","family":"Py-Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB) , , Campus Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruna R. B.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Brasilia , , , ,","place":["Brasilia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elysa B. O.","family":"Damas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB) , , Campus Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thalya S. R.","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State University of Northern Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) , , Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000 , , ,","place":["Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil, 28013-602"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivo J. C.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State University of Northern Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) , , Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000 , , ,","place":["Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil, 28013-602"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana S.","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Brasilia , , , ,","place":["Brasilia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1210-8329","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marcelo H.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB), Centro Metropolitano , , Ceilandia Sul , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 72220-275"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcella L. B.","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB) , , Campus Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]},{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB) , , Campus Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6888-1284","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Graziella A.","family":"Joanitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB) , , Campus Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]},{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB) , , Campus Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]},{"name":"University of Brasilia (UnB) , , Campus Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Brasi\u0301lia, DF, Brazil, 70910-900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101315101043300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2020.105356","article-title":"Healing of Dermal Wounds Property of Caryocar Brasiliense\nOil Loaded Polymeric Lipid-Core Nanocapsules: Formulation and in Vivo\nEvaluation","volume":"150","author":"Pires","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026101315101043300_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-023-09100-1","article-title":"Macrophages\nRegulate Healing-Associated Fibroblasts\nin Diabetic Wound","volume":"51","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2026101315101043300_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1159\/000454919","article-title":"Skin Wound\nHealing: An Update on the Current Knowledge and Concepts","volume":"58","author":"Sorg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Surg. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026101315101043300_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1590\/s0102-865020180110000007","article-title":"Healing\nEffect of Andiroba-Based\nEmulsion in Cutaneous Wound Healing via Modulation of Inflammation\nand Transforming Growth Factor Beta 3","volume":"33","author":"Chia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta\nCir. Bras."},{"key":"2026101315101043300_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.118004","article-title":"Effects of Andiroba Oil (Carapa Guianensis\nAublet) on the Immune System in Inflammation and Wound Healing: A\nScoping Review","volume":"327","author":"Fonseca","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026101315101043300_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13101591","article-title":"PCL\/Andiroba Oil (Carapa Guianensis Aubl.) 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Nanomater."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026101315101043300_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.3390\/ph19020247","article-title":"Nanoemulgels as Advanced Topical Drug Delivery Systems:\nMechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Applications in Skin Disorders,\nInfections, Wound Healing, and Cancer","volume":"19","author":"Jacob","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026101315101043300_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.3390\/app7121237","article-title":"AIM: A Computational\nTool for the Automatic Quantification of Scratch Wound Healing Assays","volume":"7","author":"Cortesi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. 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