{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T15:52:09Z","timestamp":1789487529563,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"36","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002569","name":"Wonkwang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Recently, mussel-inspired catechol-conjugated chitosan (CHI\u2013C)-based topical hemostats have been developed to arrest intraoperative bleeding in patients with coagulopathy through interactions between CHI\u2013C and blood proteins. Pseudo-active blood coagulation, defined as material-assisted clot formation through CHI\u2013C\u2013blood protein complexation without exogenous coagulation proteins, is achieved using CHI\u2013C\/gelatin (CHI\u2013C\/Geln) bilayer structures. However, these bilayer hemostats still have limitations in laparoscopic surgical settings owing to their stiffness, which can impair trocar deliverability. In this study, we optimized CHI\u2013C\/Geln bilayer patches for laparoscopic surgical application by controlling patch thickness through compression. We prepared three types of CHI\u2013C\/Geln patches with thicknesses of 1, 3, and 5 mm to compare their tissue adhesiveness, mechanical properties, trocar deliverability, and hemostatic capability. The CHI\u2013C\/Geln patches with thicknesses of 1 and 3 mm could pass through 10\u201312 mm trocars without fragmentation during rolling or repeated folding. In addition, the 3-mm-thick CHI\u2013C\/Geln patches exhibited effective tissue adhesiveness, bursting pressure, and hemostatic ability. Thus, these flexible adhesive patches could serve as topical hemostats that function effectively in laparoscopic surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c03188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T18:36:23Z","timestamp":1788460583000},"page":"53938-53952","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Flexible Catechol-Conjugated\nChitosan\/Gelatin Bilayer\nPatches for Topical Hemostasis in Laparoscopic Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Se-ah","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wonkwang University , , , Jeonbuk ,","place":["Iksan, Republic of Korea, 54538"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Ho","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wonkwang University , , , Jeonbuk ,","place":["Iksan, Republic of Korea, 54538"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Yun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wonkwang University , , , Jeonbuk ,","place":["Iksan, Republic of Korea, 54538"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1808-5510","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seong Uk","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SCL Science Inc. , , ,","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea, 07282"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keumyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SCL Science Inc. , , ,","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea, 07282"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6681-3416","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seongyeon","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SCL Science Inc. , , ,","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea, 07282"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0339-6430","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Youngjoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University , , ,","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03080"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3950-6722","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sang-woo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University , , ,","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03080"]},{"name":"Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , , ,","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea, 08826"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0279-7477","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ji Hyun","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wonkwang University , , , Jeonbuk ,","place":["Iksan, Republic of Korea, 54538"]},{"name":"Wonkwang University , , , Jeonbuk ,","place":["Iksan, Republic of Korea, 54538"]},{"name":"Wonkwang University , , , Jeonbuk ,","place":["Iksan, Republic of Korea, 54538"]},{"name":"Wonkwang University , , , Jeonbuk ,","place":["Iksan, Republic of Korea, 54538"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2026091510081274900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-9941.68579","article-title":"Bleeding Complications\nin Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Incidence, Mechanisms, Prevention\nand Management","volume":"6","author":"Kaushik","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Minim. Access Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026091510081274900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2017.1410120","article-title":"Vascular Injury\nat Laparoscopy: A\nGuide to Management","volume":"38","author":"Asfour","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026091510081274900_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4293\/JSLS.2014.00269","article-title":"Significance of Surgical Plume Obstruction\nDuring Laparoscopy","volume":"18","author":"da Silva","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Soc. Laparoendosc. Surg."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026091510081274900_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gmit.2014.05.004","article-title":"Complications\nof Electrosurgery in\nLaparoscopy","volume":"3","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gynecol. Minim. Invasive Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026091510081274900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000354","article-title":"Intra-Abdominal\nHemorrhage Complicating Electrothermal\nArterial Injury During Pelvic Surgery: A Case Report","volume":"38","author":"Tingey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091510081274900_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.11138\/gchir\/2016.37.6.266","article-title":"Topical Hemostasis\nin Laparoscopic Surgery","volume":"37","author":"Vecchio","year":"2017","journal-title":"G. Chir"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026091510081274900_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2006.01.058","article-title":"Haemostasis\nin Laparoscopy","volume":"50","author":"Klingler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091510081274900_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-023-02159-4","article-title":"NHS-POx-Loaded\nPatch versus Fibrin\nSealant Patch in a Porcine Robotic Liver Bleeding Model","volume":"23","author":"D\u2019Hondt","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091510081274900_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/534080","article-title":"Technical\nFeasibility of TachoSil\nApplication on Esophageal Anastomoses","volume":"2015","author":"Haverkamp","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterol.\nRes. Pract."},{"key":"2026091510081274900_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/203943","article-title":"Fibrin\nSealant: The Only Approved Hemostat, Sealant, and Adhesive a Laboratory\nand Clinical Perspective","volume":"2014","author":"Spotnitz","year":"2014","journal-title":"ISRN Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026091510081274900_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2722","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2019.06.59","article-title":"Evaluation of a Novel Collagen Hemostatic Matrix in\na Porcine Heart and Cardiac Vessel Injury Model","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091510081274900_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6023261","article-title":"A Narrative Review\nof Different Hemostatic Materials in Emergency\nTreatment of Trauma","volume":"2022","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. Int."},{"issue":"32","key":"2026091510081274900_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35856","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c08285","article-title":"Multifunctional\nTissue-Adhesive Cryogel Wound Dressing for Rapid Nonpressing Surface\nHemorrhage and Wound Repair","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater.\nInterfaces"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091510081274900_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-018-3344-3","article-title":"Use of Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose\nto Achieve Hemostasis during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Retrospective\nCohort Analysis","volume":"11","author":"Masci","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"issue":"63","key":"2026091510081274900_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36858","DOI":"10.1039\/C9RA07116D","article-title":"Injectable Drug-Loaded Polysaccharide\nHybrid Hydrogels for Hemostasis","volume":"9","author":"Cao","year":"2019","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"2026091510081274900_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994265","DOI":"10.3389\/fmats.2022.994265","article-title":"Application\nof Chitosan-Based Materials in Surgical or Postoperative Hemostasis","volume":"9","author":"Xia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026091510081274900_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28031473","article-title":"Chitosan-Based Hemostatic Hydrogels:\nThe Concept, Mechanism, Application,\nand Prospects","volume":"28","author":"Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026091510081274900_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13210","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c00654","article-title":"Multifunctional\nHemostatic PVA\/Chitosan Sponges Loaded with Hydroxyapatite and Ciprofloxacin","volume":"7","author":"Al-Mofty","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"13","key":"2026091510081274900_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abc9992","article-title":"Coagulopathy-Independent, Bioinspired\nHemostatic Materials: A Full Research Story from Preclinical Models\nto a Human Clinical Trial","volume":"7","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026091510081274900_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2015.08.043","article-title":"Bio-Inspired\nAdhesive Catechol-Conjugated\nChitosan for Biomedical Applications: A Mini Review","volume":"27","author":"Ryu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026091510081274900_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1039\/c3bm00004d","article-title":"Bio-Inspired Catechol\nConjugation Converts Water-Insoluble Chitosan into a Highly Water-Soluble,\nAdhesive Chitosan Derivative for Hydrogels and LbL Assembly","volume":"1","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026091510081274900_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5113","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c00006","article-title":"Oxidation Chemistry of Catechol Utilized in Designing\nStimuli-Responsive Adhesives and Antipathogenic Biomaterials","volume":"6","author":"Pinnataip","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026091510081274900_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202304004","article-title":"Coagulant Protein-Free Blood Coagulation\nUsing Catechol-Conjugated\nAdhesive Chitosan\/Gelatin Double Layer","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv.\nHealthc. Mater."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026091510081274900_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1021\/bm200464x","article-title":"Catechol-Functionalized\nChitosan\/Pluronic Hydrogels for Tissue Adhesives and Hemostatic Materials","volume":"12","author":"Ryu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"2026091510081274900_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2041731416683745","DOI":"10.1177\/2041731416683745","article-title":"Optimal\nConjugation of Catechol Group onto Hyaluronic Acid in Coronary Stent\nSubstrate Coating for the Prevention of Restenosis","volume":"7","author":"Lih","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng."},{"key":"2026091510081274900_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00712","article-title":"pH-Triggered Adhesiveness\nand Cohesiveness of Chondroitin Sulfate-Catechol Biopolymer for Biomedical\nApplications","volume":"8","author":"Scalzone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"22","key":"2026091510081274900_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18732","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c01443","article-title":"Crosslinked Chitosan\u2013Gelatin\nBiocompatible Nanocomposite\nas a Neuro Drug Carrier","volume":"7","author":"Mathew","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"2026091510081274900_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2017.07.029","article-title":"Reshapable Polymeric\nHydrogel for Controlled Soft-Tissue Expansion:\nIn Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation","volume":"262","author":"Garner","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Control.\nRelease"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091510081274900_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"nwae160","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwae160","article-title":"A Low-Swelling Hydrogel\nas a Multirole Sealant for Efficient Dural Defect Sealing and Prevention\nof Postoperative Adhesion","volume":"11","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Natl. Sci. Rev."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026091510081274900_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202106787","article-title":"Recent\nProgress in Materials Chemistry to Advance Flexible Bioelectronics\nin Medicine","volume":"34","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091510081274900_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2939","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-82326-w","article-title":"New Analytic\nBending, Buckling, and Free Vibration Solutions of Rectangular Nanoplates\nby the Symplectic Superposition Method","volume":"11","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci.\nRep."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091510081274900_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03268-y","article-title":"Highly Stretchable\nCarbon Aerogels","volume":"9","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026091510081274900_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2016.10.007","article-title":"Compression-Induced Structural and\nMechanical Changes\nof Fibrin-Collagen Composites","volume":"60\u201361","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091510081274900_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4561","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32200-8","article-title":"Superelastic Graphene\nAerogel-Based\nMetamaterials","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026091510081274900_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruct.2021.114983","article-title":"Deformation Mechanism of Porous Composite\nSandwich Beam for Orthopaedical\nApplication under Three-Point Bending","volume":"281","author":"Hazwani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Compos.\nStruct."},{"key":"2026091510081274900_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giant.2023.100200","article-title":"Strength and\nToughness of Tissue Adhesives Depend on Thickness","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Giant"},{"issue":"25","key":"2026091510081274900_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsolstr.2014.10.011","article-title":"Peeling Behavior of\na Viscoelastic Thin-Film on a Rigid Substrate","volume":"51","author":"Peng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Solids Struct."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091510081274900_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2010.235127","article-title":"Seal Properties\nof TachoSil: In Vitro Hemodynamic Measurements","volume":"10","author":"Berdajs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Interact. Cardiovasc. Thorac. Surg."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c03188","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/36\/53938\/68249483\/acsomega.6c03188.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/36\/53938\/68249483\/acsomega.6c03188.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T14:33:35Z","timestamp":1789482815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/11\/36\/53938\/5409646\/Flexible-Catechol-Conjugated-Chitosan-Gelatin"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"36","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c03188","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]}}}