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To overcome this limitation, three correction approaches are proposed, improving agreement with EPR results and eliminating statistical differences in IC50 and AAI values. These procedures were validated using phenolic standards and further evaluated for pigmented compounds using malvidin-3,5-diglucoside chloride and natural jambolan (Syzygium cumini) juice, an anthocyanin-rich sample. Although pigmentation affects high-concentration measurements, it does not significantly influence IC50 and AAI values after an appropriate absorbance correction. The proposed methodologies enhance the accuracy of the spectrophotometric DPPH assay and enable reliable comparison with EPR-based results, contributing to the improved standardization of RSC measurements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c03248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T12:02:14Z","timestamp":1790078534000},"page":"58800-58808","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Evaluation\nof Electron Paramagnetic Resonance\nand Spectrophotometry for DPPH-Based Antioxidant Capacity Determination"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Helvis L. S.","family":"Fontoura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Campos do Goytacazes, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 28.013-602"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Fla\u0301via L. M.","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Campos do Goytacazes, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 28.013-602"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francine A. F.","family":"Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Campos do Goytacazes, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 28.013-602"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pa\u0302mela V.","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Campos do Goytacazes, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 28.013-602"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4382-5745","authenticated-orcid":true,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Stanislau","family":"Bogusz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Sa\u0303o Paulo , , ,","place":["Sa\u0303o Carlos, Brazil, 13.560-970"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0901-3356","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Na\u0301dia R.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Campos do Goytacazes, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 28.013-602"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3136-0343","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andre\u0301 O.","family":"Guimara\u0303es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro , , ,","place":["Campos do Goytacazes, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 28.013-602"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100610474712200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13050602","article-title":"Cellular ROS and\nAntioxidants: Physiological and Pathological Role","volume-title":"Antioxidants","author":"Kozlov","year":"2024"},{"issue":"46","key":"2026100610474712200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25899","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c05915","article-title":"Smartphone-Integrated\nDevice Based on d-Band Engineered PtNiFe Nanozymes for on-Site Testing\nof Perfluorinated Substances","volume":"97","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. 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Food Biochem."},{"key":"2026100610474712200_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.5219\/1374","article-title":"Fruit Red Colorants Impact on the\nAntiradical Activity Determined by DPPH Method","volume":"14","author":"Hegedus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100610474712200_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1590\/0034-737x202269020007","article-title":"Physical-Chemical\nCharacterization,\nBioactive Compounds, and Antioxidant Activity of Pulp and Peel of\nthe Jamela\u0303o","volume":"69","author":"Neves-Brito","year":"2022","journal-title":"Revista Ceres"},{"key":"2026100610474712200_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2015.09.038","article-title":"In Vitro Antioxidant\nand Antimicrobial\nProperties of Jambolan (Syzygium Cumini) Fruit Polyphenols","volume":"65","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"LWT - Food Science and Technology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100610474712200_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2011.12.025","article-title":"Colour Properties,\nStability, and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Jambolan (Syzygium\nCumini) Fruit Anthocyanins in a Beverage Model System: Natural and\nCopigmented Anthocyanins","volume":"132","author":"Sari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100610474712200_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2004.04.033","article-title":"In Vitro Study of Antioxidant Activity\nof Syzygium Cumini Fruit","volume":"90","author":"Banerjee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"2026100610474712200_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2016.05.013","article-title":"Detection\nand Characterisation of Radicals Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance\n(EPR) Spin Trapping and Related Methods","volume":"109","author":"Davies","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"2026100610474712200_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-211-92948-3","volume-title":"Quantitative EPR","author":"Eaton","year":"2010"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100610474712200_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/s10967-019-06520-x","article-title":"Effect of Gamma\nIrradiation on Antiradical\nActivity of Goji Berry Fruits (Lycium Barbarum) Evaluated by EPR Spectroscopy","volume":"320","author":"Mladenova","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem."},{"issue":"16","key":"2026100610474712200_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4800","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26164800","article-title":"Evaluation of the Free\nRadical Scavenging Activities of Ellagic Acid\nand Ellagic Acid Peracetate by Epr Spectrometry","volume":"26","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2026100610474712200_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2015.09.022","article-title":"A Comparison of Antioxidative Capacities of Fruit Juices, Drinks\nand Nectars, as Determined by EPR and UV-Vis Spectroscopies","volume":"153","author":"Bartoszek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"issue":"26","key":"2026100610474712200_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7526","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b02462","article-title":"Critical Re-Evaluation\nof DPPH Assay: Presence of Pigments\nAffects the Results","volume":"67","author":"Yeo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100610474712200_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s12161-011-9306-1","article-title":"Determination\nof Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Plant Extracts Through DPPH\nAssay: An EPR and UV-Vis Study","volume":"5","author":"Sanna","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Anal. Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100610474712200_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0341225","article-title":"Extraction of Anthocyanins from Jambolan\nFruit Using Ethanol and Deep Eutectic Solvents: Bioactivity, Cytotoxicity,\nand Application as a Natural Colorant","volume":"21","author":"de Freitas","year":"2026","journal-title":"PLoS\nOne"},{"key":"2026100610474712200_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11947-025-04102-2","article-title":"Jambolan (Syzygium\nCumini) as a Functional Food: A\nReview on Its Chemistry, Bioactivities and Agro-Industrial Applications","volume":"19","author":"Siebeneichler","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food and Bioprocess Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100610474712200_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2014.11.040","article-title":"Spouted\nBed Drying\nof Jambola\u0303o (Syzygium Cumini) Residue: Drying Kinetics and\nEffect on the Antioxidant Activity, Anthocyanins and Nutrients Contents","volume":"61","author":"Mussi","year":"2015","journal-title":"LWT"},{"key":"2026100610474712200_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoac\/88.5.1269","article-title":"Determination of Total Monomeric Anthocyanin Pigment Content of Fruit Juices, Beverages, Natural Colorants, and Wines by the PH Differential Method: Collaborative Study","volume":"88","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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Food Biochem."},{"key":"2026100610474712200_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.85270","article-title":"Antioxidant\nCompounds and Their Antioxidant Mechanism","volume-title":"Antioxidants","author":"Santos-Sa\u0301nchez","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026100610474712200_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22041545","article-title":"The Chemistry\nof Dpph\u2022 Free Radical and Congeners","volume":"22","author":"Ionita","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100610474712200_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s12161-011-9306-1","article-title":"Determination\nof Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Plant Extracts Through DPPH\nAssay: An EPR and UV-Vis Study","volume":"5","author":"Sanna","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Anal. Methods"}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c03248","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/39\/58800\/68593805\/acsomega.6c03248.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/39\/58800\/68593805\/acsomega.6c03248.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:25:44Z","timestamp":1791300344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/11\/39\/58800\/5435048\/Comparative-Evaluation-of-Electron-Paramagnetic"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"39","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c03248","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]}}}