{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T14:06:42Z","timestamp":1788876402781,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"35","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"Program Management Unit for Human Resource and Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, National Science, Research and Innovation Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B13F670055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B13F670055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"Program Management Unit for Human Resource and Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, National Science, Research and Innovation Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B16F640132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B16F640132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ruxolitinib (Rux) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways and is clinically used for the treatment of myelofibrosis. In this study, a nanodelivery approach was developed to investigate the effects of Rux on fibroblast-associated tumor\u2013stroma interactions in colorectal cancer. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-targeted, Rux-loaded liposomes (Lip\/Rux\/PDGFR) were prepared using a lipid thin-film hydration method and characterized by dynamic light scattering. The average hydrodynamic diameters of Lip\/Rux and Lip\/Rux\/PDGFR were 186.2 \u00b1 1.2 nm and 178.6 \u00b1 2.0 nm, respectively, with slightly negative surface charges. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the spherical morphology. Antiproliferative activity was evaluated in HT-29 colorectal cancer cells using MTT and three-dimensional tumor spheroid assays. Lip\/Rux and Lip\/Rux\/PDGFR reduced HT-29 cell viability compared with free Rux and Lip\/PDGFR controls. To assess stromal-associated effects, activated fibroblasts were treated and subsequently evaluated in coculture and 3D spheroid invasion models. Treatment of activated fibroblasts with Lip\/Rux\/PDGFR was associated with a greater reduction in HT-29 cell invasion than free Rux and Lip\/PDGFR. Furthermore, pretreatment of activated fibroblasts with Lip\/Rux\/PDGFR was associated with improved 5-FU responsiveness in cocultured HT-29 spheroids, suggesting a reduction in fibroblast-associated chemoprotective effects. Taken together, these findings suggest that PDGFR-targeted liposomal delivery of Rux may affect fibroblast-associated tumor\u2013stroma interactions, which could contribute to reduced colorectal cancer cell invasion and enhanced sensitivity to chemotherapy. Further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms and determine whether these effects are mediated through alterations in activated fibroblast functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c03367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T22:12:47Z","timestamp":1788214367000},"page":"52618-52631","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PDGFR-Targeted\nRuxolitinib Liposomes Modulate Fibroblast-Associated\nColorectal Cancer\u2013Stroma Interactions, Reducing Invasion and\nEnhancing Chemosensitivity"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Paweena","family":"Dana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang , ,","place":["Pathum Thani, Thailand, 12120"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anukul","family":"Taweechaipaisankul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang , ,","place":["Pathum Thani, Thailand, 12120"]},{"name":"Chulalongkorn University , , ,","place":["Bangkok, Thailand, 10330"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onuma","family":"Phoraksa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang , ,","place":["Pathum Thani, Thailand, 12120"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monthira","family":"Rattanatayarom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang , ,","place":["Pathum Thani, Thailand, 12120"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walailuk","family":"Chonniyom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang , ,","place":["Pathum Thani, Thailand, 12120"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2767-510X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Primana","family":"Punnakitikashem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahidol University , , 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi , ,","place":["Bangkok, Thailand, 10700"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prattana","family":"Tanyapanyachon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang , ,","place":["Pathum Thani, Thailand, 12120"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5998-0320","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nattika","family":"Saengkrit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , 111 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang , ,","place":["Pathum Thani, Thailand, 12120"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14071732","article-title":"Colorectal Cancer: A Review of Carcinogenesis, Global\nEpidemiology, Current Challenges, Risk Factors, Preventive and Treatment\nStrategies","volume":"14","author":"Hossain","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13092025","article-title":"A Review of Colorectal\nCancer in Terms of Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Development, Symptoms\nand Diagnosis","volume":"13","author":"Sawicki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10112295","article-title":"Therapeutic Targets\nand Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer","volume":"10","author":"Gallo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-013-3297-7","article-title":"Cause of Death from\nLiver Metastases in Colorectal\nCancer","volume":"21","author":"Helling","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1419","article-title":"Colorectal Cancer Market","volume":"3","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit6","first-page":"482","article-title":"Cancer Associated Fibroblasts: The Dark Side of the\nCoin","volume":"1","author":"Cirri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Cancer Res."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1877","article-title":"Fibroblasts in Cancer","volume":"6","author":"Kalluri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev.\nCancer"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2618","article-title":"Microenvironmental\nRegulation of Metastasis","volume":"9","author":"Joyce","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2014.00062","article-title":"Cancer-Associated\nFibroblasts as Another Polarized Cell Type of the Tumor Microenvironment","volume":"4","author":"Augsten","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.73","article-title":"The Biology\nand Function of Fibroblasts in Cancer","volume":"16","author":"Kalluri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat.\nRev. Cancer"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2010.04.032","article-title":"Activation\nof Fibroblasts in Cancer Stroma","volume":"316","author":"Ra\u0308sa\u0308nen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers7040902","article-title":"Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts:\nTheir Characteristics\nand Their Roles in Tumor Growth","volume":"7","author":"Shiga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.ccr-06-1746","article-title":"Clinical\nImplications of Fibroblast Activation Protein in Patients with Colon\nCancer","volume":"13","author":"Henry","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3394","article-title":"Microenvironmental Regulation of\nTumor Progression\nand Metastasis","volume":"19","author":"Quail","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.226092","article-title":"Stromal Biology and Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer","volume":"60","author":"Neesse","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2012.03.002","article-title":"Targeting Tumor\nArchitecture to Favor Drug Penetration:\nA New Weapon to Combat Chemoresistance in Pancreatic Cancer?","volume":"21","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0901-987","article-title":"Normalizing\nTumor Vasculature with Anti-Angiogenic Therapy: A New Paradigm for\nCombination Therapy","volume":"7","author":"Jain","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI26532","article-title":"Targeting Tumor-Associated\nFibroblasts Improves Cancer Chemotherapy by Increasing Intratumoral\nDrug Uptake","volume":"116","author":"Loeffler","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1171362","article-title":"Inhibition of Hedgehog\nSignaling Enhances Delivery of Chemotherapy in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic\nCancer","volume":"324","author":"Olive","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2012.01.007","article-title":"Enzymatic\nTargeting of the Stroma Ablates Physical\nBarriers to Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma","volume":"21","author":"Provenzano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20122344","article-title":"Depletion of Stromal Cells Expressing Fibroblast\nActivation Protein-\u03b1 from Skeletal Muscle and Bone Marrow Results\nin Cachexia and Anemia","volume":"210","author":"Roberts","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13040697","article-title":"Targeting and Reprograming\nCancer-Associated\nFibroblasts and the Tumor Microenvironment in Pancreatic Cancer","volume":"13","author":"Sunami","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4039","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2015.61.4578","article-title":"Randomized,\nDouble-Blind, Phase II Study of Ruxolitinib or Placebo in Combination\nWith Capecitabine in Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer for\nWhom Therapy With Gemcitabine Has Failed","volume":"33","author":"Hurwitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\nClin. Oncol."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2019.01.032","article-title":"Drug Delivery\nSystems Targeting Tumor-Associated\nFibroblasts for Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"448","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer\nLett."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39545","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b13957","article-title":"Tumor-Associated\nFibroblast-Targeted Regulation and Deep Tumor Delivery of Chemotherapeutic\nDrugs with a Multifunctional Size-Switchable Nanoparticle","volume":"11","author":"Cun","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2889","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00455","article-title":"Tumor-Associated Fibroblast-Targeting Nanoparticles for Enhancing\nSolid Tumor Therapy: Progress and Challenges","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.can-16-0866","article-title":"Targeting Tumor-Associated\nFibroblasts for Therapeutic Delivery in Desmoplastic Tumors","volume":"77","author":"Miao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-023-01225-7","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics\nand Pharmacodynamics of Ruxolitinib: A Review","volume":"62","author":"Appeldoorn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94040","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.21541","article-title":"Ruxolitinib\nSensitizes Ovarian Cancer to Reduced Dose Taxol, Limits Tumor Growth\nand Improves Survival in Immune Competent Mice","volume":"8","author":"Reeves","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2840162","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2840162","article-title":"Preparation of Encapsulated\nResveratrol Liposome Thermosensitive Gel and Evaluation of Its Capability\nto Repair Sciatic Nerve Injury in Rats","volume":"2020","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Nanomater."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3390\/nano13010107","article-title":"Resveratrol Loaded Liposomes Disrupt\nCancer Associated Fibroblast Communications within the Tumor Microenvironment\nto Inhibit Colorectal Cancer Aggressiveness","volume":"13","author":"Dana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1931118","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1931118","article-title":"Physicochemical Stability Study of\nOral Suspension Containing Ruxolitinib in Children with Steroid-Refractory\nAcute Graft-Versus-Host Disease","volume":"2022","author":"Hinterlang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. World\nJ."},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-015-1119-y","article-title":"Resveratrol\nSuppresses Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer\nthrough TGF-\u03921\/Smads Signaling Pathway Mediated Snail\/E-Cadherin\nExpression","volume":"15","author":"Ji","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-025-02566-x","article-title":"Cancer-Associated\nFibroblasts in Cancer Drug Resistance and Cancer Progression: A Review","volume":"11","author":"Masuda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Death Discovery"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103797","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.21951","article-title":"Ruxolitinib Combined\nwith Vorinostat Suppresses Tumor Growth and Alters Metabolic Phenotype\nin Hematological Diseases","volume":"8","author":"Civallero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2026090809075057800_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3509","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201702033","article-title":"Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts\nLead Tumor Invasion through Integrin-\u03923-Dependent Fibronectin\nAsse","volume":"216","author":"Attieh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/35\/52618\/67394164\/acsomega.6c03367.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/35\/52618\/67394164\/acsomega.6c03367.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T13:07:57Z","timestamp":1788872877000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/11\/35\/52618\/5328312\/PDGFR-Targeted-Ruxolitinib-Liposomes-Modulate"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"35","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c03367","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]}}}