{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:13:02Z","timestamp":1788221582703,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"33","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23K20039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K20039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Carbon dots (CDs) represent a rapidly advancing class of fluorescent nanomaterials. Due to the dominant nonradiative decay channels of the triplet excited state of CDs, these materials generally exhibit no observable phosphorescence (PH) or delayed fluorescence. Here, we report the development of a sustainable and efficient room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) material by embedding CDs into a covalently bonded silica matrix, with both components derived from a previously unreported biomass precursor. Our effort has focused on stabilizing triplet excited states of CDs by constructing hybrid systems of CDs dispersed in SiO2 matrices, aiming to achieve heavy-metal-free RTP. In this work, we used natural coconut shells to synthesize CDs through the sol\u2013gel method. Furthermore, we leveraged the intimate association between carbon and silica to develop CDs@SiO2. We found that calcination temperature critically influences the exciton confinement efficiency of CDs@SiO2. High-temperature calcination at 600 \u00b0C forms a highly rigid, cross-linked SiO2 network with strong Si\u2013O\u2013C and Si\u2013C covalent bonds that connect to the CDs, effectively stabilizing triplet states and achieving an instrumentally fitted RTP lifetime of 285 ms and a visible afterglow duration &amp;gt;10 s (naked-eye detection after 365 nm excitation), and a total photoluminescence quantum yield of \u03a6PL = 18.5%. We note that the emission from CDs@SiO2 originates from the intrinsic luminescent centers of CDs immobilized within the rigid Si\u2013O network, and the emission intensity scales with CD concentration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c03662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T06:02:16Z","timestamp":1786341736000},"page":"49626-49636","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhanced Room-Temperature\nPhosphorescence from Carbon\nDots Embedded in a Robust SiO2 Matrix"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"A. C. W. W. M. N. Peshala","family":"Koswatta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University , , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, ,","place":["Fukuoka, Japan, 819-0395"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thilini Upeksha","family":"Senevirathnage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka , , Belihuloya, ,","place":["Ratnapura, Sri Lanka, 70140"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gomathi Vinayakam","family":"Mageswari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thiagarajar College, Madurai-09, Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University , , , ,","place":["Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, 625009"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2154-6980","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Youichi","family":"Tsuchiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University , , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, ,","place":["Fukuoka, Japan, 819-0395"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5627-7776","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yasuyuki","family":"Araki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tohoku University , , Katahira 2-1-1 , Aoba-ku, ,","place":["Sendai, Japan, 980-8577"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atula S. D.","family":"Sandanayaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka , , Belihuloya, ,","place":["Ratnapura, Sri Lanka, 70140"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6117-9604","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chihaya","family":"Adachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University , , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, ,","place":["Fukuoka, Japan, 819-0395"]},{"name":"Kyushu University , , 744 Motooka, Nishi , ,","place":["Fukuoka, Japan, 819-0395"]},{"name":"Kyushu University , , 744 Motooka, Nishi , ,","place":["Fukuoka, Japan, 819-0395"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"40","key":"2026083119133087200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12736","DOI":"10.1021\/ja040082h","article-title":"Electrophoretic analysis and purification\nof fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotube fragments","volume":"126","author":"Xu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026083119133087200_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.147589","article-title":"One-step synthesis\nof color-tunable carbon dots-based organic long persistent luminescence\nmaterials","volume":"479","author":"Di","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026083119133087200_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00604-024-06732-3","article-title":"Multi-confinement structured carbon\ndots with long room temperature phosphorescence lifetime and efficiency\nfor sensing thiram residues assisted by copper ions","volume":"191","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mikrochim. Acta"},{"issue":"24","key":"2026083119133087200_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7756","DOI":"10.1021\/ja062677d","article-title":"Quantum-sized carbon\ndots for bright and colorful photoluminescence","volume":"128","author":"Sun","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026083119133087200_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/c11030056","article-title":"Stability of Carbon Quantum Dots\nfor Potential Photothermal and Diagnostic Applications","volume":"11","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2025","journal-title":"C"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119133087200_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11671-023-03891-9","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo toxicity of\ncarbon dots with different chemical compositions","volume":"18","author":"Kuznietsova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Discover Nano"},{"key":"2026083119133087200_cit7","unstructured":"Lozano, M. S. P.; Lara, D.; Garzo\u0301n, A.; Javier, C.; Spencer, L.; Chimborazo, J.\n          Synthesis and\nPhysical Characterization of Carbon Quantum Dots from Watermelon Seed\nTowards a Biological Application. 202410.2139\/ssrn.4992951."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026083119133087200_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-04453-y","article-title":"Synthesis,\noptical, and photocatalytic properties of cellulose-derived carbon\nquantum dots","volume":"15","author":"Sheshmani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026083119133087200_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2022.106556","article-title":"Advance and prospect of carbon quantum\ndots synthesis for energy conversion and storage application: A comprehensive\nreview","volume":"60","author":"Sikiru","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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Biol.\nMacromol."},{"key":"2026083119133087200_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochem.2025.116858","article-title":"Facile solvent-free\nsynthesis of high-yield carbon quantum dots for\nhydrogel-mediated fluorescent printing ink","volume":"473","author":"Ren","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Photochem. Photobiol., A"},{"key":"2026083119133087200_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlumin.2022.119454","article-title":"Constructing\nmatrix-free solid-state carbon dots with\nefficient room-temperature phosphorescence","volume":"253","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Lumin."},{"key":"2026083119133087200_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/8362248","article-title":"Direct Evidence of \u03c0\u2013\u03c0 Interactions\nin Transparent Organic\u2013Inorganic Polymer Hybrids of Polystyrene\nand Silica Gel","volume":"2024","author":"Iwamura","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Polym. 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Today Chem."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c03662","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/33\/49626\/66467919\/acsomega.6c03662.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/33\/49626\/66467919\/acsomega.6c03662.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T23:13:37Z","timestamp":1788218017000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/11\/33\/49626\/5250883\/Enhanced-Room-Temperature-Phosphorescence-from"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"33","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c03662","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]}}}