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In this work, PLA fibers were functionalized with a cationic derivative of poly(itaconic acid) (PTTIBuI) and treated using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). Electrospun PLA and PLA + PTTIBuI fibers were subjected to scCO2 treatment at 200 bar and 60 \u00b0C for 3 and 6 h and subsequently characterized. Surface analysis revealed wrinkling, crystallization, increased crystallinity, and reduced hydrophobicity after treatment. Antimicrobial testing showed that PLA + PTTIBuI fibers significantly inhibited biofilm formation, with stronger effects against Acinetobacter baumannii (50\u201360%) than against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (43\u201355%). Long-term scCO2 exposure increased antibacterial activity, likely due to increased surface accessibility of cationic groups. These results demonstrate that the combination of poly(itaconic acid)-based antimicrobial agents with supercritical fluid treatment is an effective strategy for tailoring PLA fibers with improved antimicrobial activity. The modified materials show strong potential for biomedical applications such as wound dressings and infection prevention agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c04582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T13:14:27Z","timestamp":1785849267000},"page":"46723-46733","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tailoring the Surface\nof Polylactide\/Poly(itaconate\nderivative) Fibers: A Path to Antibacterial Enhancement"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jakub","family":"Za\u0301gora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VSB-Technical University of Ostrava , , 17. listopadu 2172\/15 , ,","place":["Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic, 708 00"]},{"name":"VSB-Technical University of Ostrava , , 17. listopadu 2172\/15 , ,","place":["Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic, 708 00"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8803-5336","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zuzana","family":"Rybkova\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VSB-Technical University of Ostrava , , 17. listopadu 2172\/15 , ,","place":["Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic, 708 00"]},{"name":"University of Ostrava , , Chittussiho 10 , ,","place":["Ostrava, Czech Republic, 71000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kater\u030cina","family":"S\u030ckrlova\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Palacky\u0301 University Olomouc , , 17. listopadu 1192\/12 , ,","place":["Olomouc, Czech Republic, 779 00"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kater\u030cina","family":"Malachova\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VSB-Technical University of Ostrava , , 17. listopadu 2172\/15 , ,","place":["Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic, 708 00"]},{"name":"University of Ostrava , , Chittussiho 10 , ,","place":["Ostrava, Czech Republic, 71000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0210-1246","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Mun\u030coz-Bonilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science and Technology of Polymers, CSIC , Juan de la Cierva 3 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain, 28000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2061-0351","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marta","family":"Ferna\u0301ndez-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science and Technology of Polymers, CSIC , Juan de la Cierva 3 , ,","place":["Madrid, Spain, 28000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7108-0739","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniela","family":"Placha\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Palacky\u0301 University Olomouc , , S\u030clechtitelu\u030a 241\/27 , ,","place":["Olomouc, Czech Republic, 779 00"]},{"name":"University of Ostrava , , Syllabova 19 , ,","place":["Ostrava-Vi\u0301tkovice, Czech Republic, 703 00"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081110194909200_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2023.114778","article-title":"Biomaterials\nreleasing drug responsively to promote wound healing via regulation\nof pathological microenvironment","volume":"196","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. 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