{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:58:33Z","timestamp":1791302313054,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"39","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Secretar?a de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog?a e Innovaci?n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1009922"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1009922"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Secretar?a de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog?a e Innovaci?n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1078311"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1078311"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Secretar?a de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog?a e Innovaci?n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CF-2023-G-041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CF-2023-G-041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung infections are recurrent and frequently associated with multidrug-resistant bacteria, limiting the efficacy of the currently available antibiotic therapies. Bacteriophages have emerged as a promising alternative; however, their clinical translation is constrained by their limited stability and inefficient delivery within the airway microenvironment. Here, oleic acid-modified oligochitosan (OCS-OA) nanoparticles were developed as controlled-release nanocarriers to promote bacterial clearance during infection. Three OCS-OA formulations (10, 20, and 30% OA substitution) were modified via an amidation reaction and confirmed by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Surface tension analysis demonstrated the amphiphilic behavior and self-assembly of the modified oligosaccharides into micelle-like nanostructures. The bacteriophage (vB_Eco_K-02) was efficiently encapsulated (&amp;gt;90%), and the resulting formulations were characterized by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and \u03b6-potential. Formulations prepared with 10 and 20% OCS-OA preserved phage lytic activity against a clinical Escherichia coli strain isolated from CF patients, while the 30% formulation showed reduced activity, suggesting restricted phage release at a higher hydrophobic content.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c04685","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T15:01:46Z","timestamp":1788879706000},"page":"59113-59119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oleic Acid-Modified\nOligochitosan Nanoparticles Preserve\nBacteriophage Lytic Activity against Clinical\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    Isolates from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Joselyn Aime","family":"Garci\u0301a-Mar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Sonora , , ,","place":["Hermosillo, Me\u0301xico, CP 83000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia Dolores","family":"Marti\u0301nez-Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Sonora , , ,","place":["Hermosillo, Me\u0301xico, CP 83000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Encinas-Basurto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Sonora , , ,","place":["Hermosillo, Me\u0301xico, CP 83000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Garci\u0301a-Gonza\u0301lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario \u201cDr. Jose\u0301 Eleuterio Gonza\u0301lez\u201d, Universidad Auto\u0301noma de Nuevo Leo\u0301n , , ,","place":["Monterrey, Me\u0301xico, 64460"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo E.","family":"Rodea-Montealegre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Infantil de Me\u0301xico, Federico Go\u0301mez , , ,","place":["Ciudad de Me\u0301xico, Mexico, 06720"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Refugio","family":"Pe\u0301rez-Gonza\u0301lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Sonora , , ,","place":["Hermosillo, Me\u0301xico, CP 83000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Reyes-Ma\u0301rquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Sonora , , ,","place":["Hermosillo, Me\u0301xico, CP 83000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco Antonio","family":"Lo\u0301pez-Mata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Sonora , , ,","place":["Cajeme, Me\u0301xico, CP 85010"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5001-5102","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Natalia","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Tecnolo\u0301gica Metropolitana , , ,","place":["Santiago, Chile, 8330383"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Topete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Santiago de Compostela , , ,","place":["Santiago de Compostela, Espan\u0303a, 15782"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1801-0349","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Josue\u0301","family":"Jua\u0301rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Sonora , , ,","place":["Hermosillo, Me\u0301xico, CP 83000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100610463379600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmer.2024.101128","article-title":"Dual Inhaled Antibiotics for Treatment of Pulmonary\nExacerbations in Cystic Fibrosis-A Real Life Pilot Study","volume":"86","author":"Heching","year":"2024","journal-title":"Respir. Med. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100610463379600_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2024.01.005","article-title":"Standards for the Care of People with Cystic\nFibrosis (CF); Recognising and Addressing CF Health Issues","volume":"23","author":"Burgel","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Cystic Fibrosis"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026100610463379600_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200812-1845PP","article-title":"Cystic Fibrosis\nPulmonary Guidelines","volume":"180","author":"Flume","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care\nMed."},{"issue":"02","key":"2026100610463379600_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1758732","article-title":"Microbial Epidemiology of the Cystic\nFibrosis Airways:\nPast, Present, and Future","volume":"44","author":"Thornton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin. Respir. Crit.\nCare Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100610463379600_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12020217","article-title":"Antibiotic Resistance in Patients\nwith Cystic Fibrosis: Past, Present, and Future","volume":"12","author":"Perikleous","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100610463379600_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz476","article-title":"Clinical Outcomes Associated with Escherichia coli Infections in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: A Cohort\nStudy","volume":"7","author":"Edwards","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2026100610463379600_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00475","article-title":"Epidemiology of E. coli in Cystic Fibrosis Airways Demonstrates the Capacity\nfor Persistent\nInfection but Not Patient-Patient Transmission","volume":"11","author":"Izydorczyk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"2026100610463379600_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26178650","article-title":"Chronic Escherichia coli ST648 Infections in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: The In Vitro\nEffects of an Antivirulence Agent","volume":"26","author":"Voronina","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol.\nSci."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026100610463379600_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201812-863OT","article-title":"Developing Inhaled Antibiotics in Cystic Fibrosis:\nCurrent Challenges and Opportunities","volume":"16","author":"Nichols","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Am.\nThorac. Soc."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100610463379600_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v15041020","article-title":"Current Clinical\nLandscape and Global Potential of Bacteriophage Therapy","volume":"15","author":"Hitchcock","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026100610463379600_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158321","article-title":"Phage Therapy: An Alternative Approach\nto Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections in Cystic Fibrosis","volume":"25","author":"Cocorullo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026100610463379600_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17081077","article-title":"Latest Advances\nin Inhalable Dry\nPowder Bacteriophage Therapy for Pulmonary Infections","volume":"17","author":"Encinas-Basurto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100610463379600_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-55114-5","article-title":"Isolation and Encapsulation\nof Bacteriophage with Chitosan\nNanoparticles for Biocontrol of Multidrug-Resistant Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Broiler Poultry Farms","volume":"14","author":"Elsayed","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026100610463379600_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.07.038","article-title":"Customizing Nano-Chitosan for Sustainable\nDrug Delivery","volume":"350","author":"Saeedi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Controlled Release"},{"key":"2026100610463379600_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2021.112191","article-title":"High Antibacterial\nPerformance of Hydrophobic Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles Loaded with\nCarvacrol","volume":"209","author":"Luna","year":"2022","journal-title":"Colloids Surf., B"},{"key":"2026100610463379600_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118228920","volume-title":"Surfactants and Interfacial\nPhenomena","author":"Rosen","year":"2012"},{"issue":"40","key":"2026100610463379600_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46704","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.5c04140","article-title":"Isolation and Characterization of\nFour New Coliphages against Extra Intestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates Recovered from Cystic Fibrosis Patients","volume":"10","author":"Garci\u0301a-Gonza\u0301lez","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"issue":"Part 4","key":"2026100610463379600_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.124980","article-title":"Preparation\nof Mucoadhesive Methacrylated Chitosan Nanoparticles for Delivery\nof Ciprofloxacin","volume":"242","author":"Jalal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"2026100610463379600_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2021.120874","article-title":"Mucoadhesive and Mucopenetrating\nChitosan Nanoparticles for Glycopeptide Antibiotic Administration","volume":"606","author":"Abruzzo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"26","key":"2026100610463379600_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5384","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6b00849","article-title":"Preparation\nand\nCharacterization of Mucoadhesive Buccal Nanoparticles Using Chitosan\nand Dextran Sulfate","volume":"64","author":"Suh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"2026100610463379600_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md15120370","article-title":"Chitosan Nanoparticles\nas a Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery System for Ocular Administration","volume":"15","author":"Silva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c04685","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/39\/59113\/68449189\/acsomega.6c04685.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/39\/59113\/68449189\/acsomega.6c04685.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:30:30Z","timestamp":1791300630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/11\/39\/59113\/5426405\/Oleic-Acid-Modified-Oligochitosan-Nanoparticles"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"39","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c04685","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]}}}