{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T18:12:50Z","timestamp":1793643170991,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"32","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Office of the Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education, Thailand"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The development of sustainable heterogeneous catalysts from renewable biomass is an important strategy for advancing green organic synthesis. In this work, a series of Lewis acid carbon catalysts were prepared from corn stover via AlCl3-assisted activation and thermal carbonization. The optimized catalyst, CS-AlCl3 (1:1-500), exhibited a predominantly mesoporous structure with accessible aluminum-derived Lewis acid sites, as confirmed by BET, FT-IR, XRD, XPS, TEM, NH3-TPD, and pyridine-FTIR analyses. Under optimized conditions, the catalyst efficiently promoted the Hantzsch multicomponent reaction, affording up to 97% isolated yield within 30 min in ethanol at 105 \u00b0C. The catalyst exhibited broad substrate scope (90.95\u201397.35% yields) and retained good catalytic activity over five consecutive reuse cycles. Pyridine poisoning, hot filtration, postreaction ICP-OES, BET, and XPS analyses confirmed that the reaction proceeds predominantly through a heterogeneous mechanism and that the superior catalytic performance originates from the synergistic interplay between a stable mesoporous carbon framework and accessible aluminum-derived Lewis acid sites. Compared with recently reported heterogeneous catalysts, CS-AlCl3 (1:1-500) provides competitive catalytic efficiency together with the advantages of renewable biomass utilization, simple preparation, and catalyst recyclability. This work establishes a validated structure\u2013acidity\u2013activity relationship for biomass-derived Lewis acid carbon catalysts and demonstrates their potential for sustainable multicomponent synthesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c05052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T01:02:12Z","timestamp":1785891732000},"page":"48384-48400","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Corn Stover-Derived\nLewis Acid Carbon Catalyst for\nEfficient Hantzsch Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyridines"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Kanyaphat","family":"Torboon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahasarakham University , , ,","place":["Maha Sarakham, Thailand, 44150"]},{"name":"Mahasarakham University , , ,","place":["Maha Sarakham, Thailand, 44150"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chatthai","family":"Kaewtong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahasarakham University , , ,","place":["Maha Sarakham, Thailand, 44150"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Supinya","family":"Nijpanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization) , 111 University Avenue , Muang District, ,","place":["Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, 30000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nopbhasinthu","family":"Patdhanagul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kasetsart University , , ,","place":["Sakon Nakhon, Thailand, 47000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prasong","family":"Srihanam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahasarakham University , , ,","place":["Maha Sarakham, Thailand, 44150"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kesiny","family":"Phomkeona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Laos , , Xaythany, ,","place":["Vientiane, Laos, 01170"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phengxay","family":"Deevanhxay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Laos , , Xaythany, ,","place":["Vientiane, Laos, 01170"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanseng","family":"Chounlamany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Laos , , Xaythany, ,","place":["Vientiane, Laos, 01170"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3983-8313","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Khon Kaen University , , ,","place":["Khon Kaen, Thailand, 40002"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6940-9045","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pakin","family":"Noppawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahasarakham University , , ,","place":["Maha Sarakham, Thailand, 44150"]},{"name":"Mahasarakham University , , ,","place":["Maha Sarakham, Thailand, 44150"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081811121609000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1114736","article-title":"The Path Forward for Biofuels and Biomaterials","volume":"311","author":"Ragauskas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026081811121609000_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recm.2022.01.003","article-title":"The path to carbon\nneutrality in China: paradigm shift in fossil resource utilization","volume":"1","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Res. 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