{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:47:00Z","timestamp":1792784820150,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"36","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002862","name":"China University of Petroleum, Beijing","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002862","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["52404015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52404015"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Deepwater shallow formations are typically weakly consolidated, highly porous, and highly permeable, which results in a narrow safe-density window and makes drilling fluid loss highly sensitive to small wellbore-pressure fluctuations. In this study, a finite-discrete element method (FDEM) model implemented in MultiFracS was used to investigate the transition from permeability-induced loss to fracture-induced loss around a deepwater shallow wellbore. The model couples triangular finite elements, zero-thickness cohesive joint elements, Darcy-type matrix seepage, fracture flow governed by the cubic law, and matrix-fracture fluid exchange. A South China Sea field case was used to validate the predicted loss and flowback volumes. The simulations show that permeability-induced loss is controlled mainly by pressure diffusion in the high-porosity matrix and remains relatively limited, whereas once the wellbore pressure reaches the fracture initiation condition, newly connected fractures provide preferential flow paths and sharply increase cumulative loss. Repeated wellbore-pressure fluctuations further narrow the operational pressure margin by promoting the progressive weakening of the near-wellbore formation. Sensitivity analyses indicate that porosity, permeability, drilling fluid viscosity, yield stress, and pressure fluctuation history jointly control the magnitude of loss and flowback. The results clarify the mechanism by which shallow formation breathing can evolve into severe fracture-induced loss and provide a modeling basis for pressure management and drilling fluid property optimization in deepwater shallow formations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c05316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:18:41Z","timestamp":1788430721000},"page":"54266-54282","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of Drilling\nFluid Loss Behavior in Deepwater\nShallow Formations"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jintao","family":"An","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"China University of Petroleum (Beijing) , , , ,","place":["Karamay, Xinjiang, China, 834000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China University of Petroleum (Beijing) , , Changping, ,","place":["Beijing, China, 102249"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China University of Petroleum (Beijing) , , Changping, ,","place":["Beijing, China, 102249"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiwen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China University of Petroleum (Beijing) , , Changping, ,","place":["Beijing, China, 102249"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4966-9576","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qixuan","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China University of Petroleum (Beijing) , , , ,","place":["Karamay, Xinjiang, China, 834000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"21","key":"2026091510090850500_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2698","DOI":"10.1080\/15567036.2019.1618983","article-title":"Current Status and\nFuture Prospects of Renewable Energy: A Case Study","volume":"42","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energy Sources, Part A"},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.petrol.2018.09.065","article-title":"Numerical\nSimulation of a New Early Gas Kick Detection Method Using UKF Estimation\nand GLRT","volume":"173","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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Process\nInd."},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4043\/25988-MS","article-title":"Geotechnical Challenges in\nthe Caspian Sea","volume-title":"Offshore Technology Conference","author":"Hill","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit5","first-page":"149","article-title":"Calculation and Analysis for Fracture Pressure of Deep Water Shallow\nFormation","volume-title":"International Conference on\nComputational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences","author":"Gao","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit6","unstructured":"Huang, H.\n          \n          Formation Mechanism and\nAccurate Prediction Method of Marine Formation Pressure System Considering\nDiapir Structures, Ph.D. Thesis; China University\nof Petroleum: Beijing, 2024."},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit7","unstructured":"Gao, R.\n          \n          Formation Mechanism of\nDeepwater Formation Breathing Effects and Optimization Method for\nDrilling Safety Mud Weight Window, Ph.D. Thesis; China University of Petroleum: Beijing, 2023."},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2118\/62770-MS","article-title":"Well Control\nof an Influx from a Fracture Breathing Formation","volume-title":"IADC\/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology","author":"Ashley","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egyr.2022.02.148","article-title":"Dynamic Response Mechanism of Borehole Breathing in Fractured Formations","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energy Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026091510090850500_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/0148-9062(89)91133-9","article-title":"How Borehole\nBallooning Alters Drilling Responses","volume":"87","author":"Gill","year":"1989","journal-title":"Oil Gas\nJ."},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jngse.2019.103057","article-title":"Effect of\nAcid Fracturing on Carbonate Formation in Southwest China Based on\nExperimental Investigations","volume":"73","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Nat. Gas Sci.\nEng."},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003211389-28","article-title":"Mud Loss into\na Single Fracture during Drilling of Petroleum Wells: Modelling Approach","volume-title":"Development and Application of Discontinuous Modelling\nfor Rock Engineering","author":"Lavrov","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.petrol.2021.109331","article-title":"A Novel Approach to\nInvestigating the Mechanism of Permeability-Induced Borehole Breathing\nin Deepwater Shallow Formations","volume":"208","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Pet. Sci.\nEng."},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2022.113405","article-title":"Investigation of the Mechanisms and Sensitivity of\nWellbore Breathing Effects during Drilling in Deepwater Shallow Formations","volume":"269","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ocean Eng."},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-42987-3_87","article-title":"Numerical Simulation of Breathing\nEffect Induced by Drilling in Deep-Water Shallow Formations","volume-title":"International Conference on Computational & Experimental\nEngineering and Sciences","author":"Huang","year":"2024"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091510090850500_cit16","first-page":"139","article-title":"Technical Challenges and Countermeasures\nin Well Control for Deepwater Drilling in the South China Sea","volume":"37","author":"Ye","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oil Drill. Prod. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026091510090850500_cit17","first-page":"8","article-title":"Research Progress\nin Risk Prevention and Control Technologies\nfor Well Control in Deepwater Drilling on the High Seas","volume":"47","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drill. Prod. Technol."},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit18","first-page":"111","article-title":"Treatment\nMethod for Formation Breathing Effect in a Well in the Eastern South\nChina Sea","volume":"8","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Equip."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091510090850500_cit19","first-page":"668","article-title":"Mechanism\nof Shallow\nFormation Breathing Effect in Deepwater and Analysis of Influencing\nFactors","volume":"39","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drill. Fluid Completion Fluid"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091510090850500_cit20","first-page":"4895","article-title":"Numerical Investigation\nof Fracture Propagation and Fluid Loss in Fractured Carbonate Formations\nunder Drilling Conditions","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s00397-021-01275-3","article-title":"A Semi-Analytical Approach\nto Model Drilling Fluid\nLeakage Into Fractured Formation","volume":"60","author":"Albattat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheol. Acta"},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmms.2021.104964","article-title":"A FDEM-Based 2D Coupled\nThermal-Hydro-Mechanical Model for Multiphysical Simulation of Rock\nFracturing","volume":"149","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci."},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmms.2023.105439","article-title":"A 2D Adaptive\nFinite-Discrete Element\nMethod for Simulating Fracture and Fragmentation in Geomaterials","volume":"169","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci."},{"key":"2026091510090850500_cit24","article-title":"Permeabilities\nand Skins in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs: An Overview and an Update\nfor Wells at Any Deviation","volume-title":"SPE European\nFormation Damage Conference and Exhibition","author":"Lietard","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c05316","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/36\/54266\/68104108\/acsomega.6c05316.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/36\/54266\/68104108\/acsomega.6c05316.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T14:49:36Z","timestamp":1789483776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/11\/36\/54266\/5396024\/Analysis-of-Drilling-Fluid-Loss-Behavior-in"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"36","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c05316","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]}}}