{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T14:07:01Z","timestamp":1788876421466,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"35","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda??o de Amparo ? i Pesquisa do Estado de S?o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019\/00432-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/00432-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda??o de Amparo ? i Pesquisa do Estado de S?o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022\/00897-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022\/00897-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Air pollution-associated skin damage has increased interest in cosmetic strategies that support skin barrier function. However, the performance of film-forming properties biopolymers can be influenced by cosmetic formulation composition. In this context, this study aimed to develop and characterize gel and gel-cream formulations with or without 1% of tara and red algae-derived biopolymer. These formulations were evaluated for rheological, texture profile, sensory properties, and short-term clinical efficacy. All formulations remained stable for 28 days, with pH values between 5.0 and 5.5. The addition of biopolymer in the formulations was associated with lower consistency index values, from 79.6 \u00b1 1.4 to 46.9 \u00b1 0.7 in gels and from 192.1 \u00b1 1.1 to 156.1 \u00b1 0.9 in gel-creams. Firmness, consistency, and viscosity index were also lower in the formations added with biopolymer. The work of shear parameter was not significantly changed and biopolymer did not alter the sensory properties of the formulations. In the short term clinical efficacy study, significant increases in stratum corneum water content and reductions in transepidermal water loss were observed at 1 h for the gel containing the biopolymer and at 2 h for the gel-cream containing the biopolymer (p &amp;lt; 0.05). At 2 h, both formulations significantly improved smoothness, roughness, and scaliness parameters of skin microrelief compared to baseline values, and the gel-cream containing the biopolymer significantly improved smoothness when compared to its vehicle (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Overall, the gel showed an earlier skin barrier-related response, whereas the gel-cream showed the clearest vehicle-controlled effect on skin smoothness. Film formation was inferred indirectly from rheological and skin biophysical findings. Direct film characterization and longer-term studies are required to confirm the proposed mechanism and persistence of the effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c05501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:50:56Z","timestamp":1788223856000},"page":"53082-53092","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of the Composition\nof Cosmetic Formulations\non the Skin Barrier and Film-Forming Potential of a Skin-Protective\nBiopolymer"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6131-794X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Leticia","family":"Kakuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sa\u0303o Paulo , , , ,","place":["Ribeira\u0303o Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 14040-903"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8209-5730","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rafaela A.","family":"Zito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sa\u0303o Paulo , , , ,","place":["Ribeira\u0303o Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 14040-903"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6678-1207","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Patricia M. B. G.","family":"Maia Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sa\u0303o Paulo , , , ,","place":["Ribeira\u0303o Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 14040-903"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2026090809105002900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2016.09.015","article-title":"The skin aging\nexposome","volume":"85","author":"Krutmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. 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Environ.\nSaf."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026090809105002900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-025-00901-6","article-title":"Skin health\nand biological aging","volume":"5","author":"Furman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Aging"},{"key":"2026090809105002900_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2023.122705","article-title":"Development\nof multifunctional sunscreens: Evaluation\nof physico-mechanical and film-forming properties","volume":"635","author":"Kakuda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026090809105002900_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202402139","article-title":"Phytochemical\nInvestigation of an Ostrya carpinifolia L. Extract:\nAn Effective Anti-Pollution Cosmetic Active Ingredient","volume":"22","author":"Trinel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. 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Colloid Interface Sci."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026090809105002900_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7830","DOI":"10.1039\/D2RA00176D","article-title":"Dispersing carbomers, mixing technology matters","volume":"12","author":"Houlleberghs","year":"2022","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"2026090809105002900_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2013.01.003","article-title":"Rheological and textural\ncharacterization of cosmetic emulsions containing natural and synthetic\npolymers: relationships between both data","volume":"421","author":"Gilbert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Colloids\nSurf. A Physicochem Eng. 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Asp."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026090809105002900_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2190","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13122190","article-title":"Influence\nof Massage and Skin Hydration on Dermal Penetration\nEfficacy of Nile Red from Petroleum Jelly\u2500An Unexpected Outcome","volume":"13","author":"Kaushik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809105002900_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2016.1214235","article-title":"A new topical panthenol-containing emollient:\nResults from two randomized controlled studies assessing its skin\nmoisturization and barrier restoration potential, and the effect on\nskin microflora","volume":"28","author":"Stettler","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Treat."},{"key":"2026090809105002900_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2024.123825","article-title":"Emollients\nin dermatological creams: Early evaluation for tailoring formulation\nand therapeutic performance","volume":"653","author":"Franco-Gil","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. 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Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809105002900_cit52","first-page":"531","article-title":"The improvement on the skin surface by a new type of dermocosmetic\nloaded plant extract: A split face skin topographic study","volume":"33","author":"Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pak. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026090809105002900_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12796","article-title":"In vivo determination of the skin surface topography\nand biophysical properties of human hands: Effects of sex and hand\ndominance","volume":"26","author":"Enright","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sking Res. 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