{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:57:47Z","timestamp":1791302267400,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"39","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Secretaria de Inova??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul","award":["34\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["34\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Secretaria de Inova??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul","award":["3704\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3704\/2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Immiscible polyolefin\u2013elastomer blends often exhibit limited impact resistance and unstable melt-flow behavior due to weak interfacial adhesion and inefficient stress transfer between phases. These limitations are relevant for fused filament fabrication (FFF), where filaments must withstand feeding, extrusion, deposition, and service loading. In this work, PP\/SEBS (70\/30 wt %) blends modified with maleic anhydride (MA) and ZnO nanoparticles were investigated to determine the influence of interphase engineering on the rheological, viscoelastic, dynamic mechanical, and FFF performance of PP\/SEBS filaments. Four formulations (PP\/SEBS, PP\/SEBS-1%ZnO, PP\/SEBS-3%MA, and PP\/SEBS-1%ZnO-3%MA) were produced as 1.75\u2009mm filaments and characterized by rotational rheology, DMA, tensile and notched Izod impact tests, SEM, and FTIR. All systems exhibited shear-thinning behavior, while the PP\/SEBS-1%ZnO-3%MA formulation showed the most balanced melt response, combining reduced viscosity with adequate viscoelasticity. SEM and DMA analyses suggested improved interphase stability and more efficient viscoelastic dissipation in MA-containing systems. The PP\/SEBS-1%ZnO-3%MA blend achieved the highest impact strength (46.86 \u00b1 0.73\u2009kJ\u2009m\u20132), approximately 60% higher than PP\/SEBS, while maintaining tensile performance. Preliminary FFF trials demonstrated stable deposition and good dimensional reproducibility. These results demonstrate that MA\/ZnO interphase engineering is an effective strategy for improving rheological stability and impact reliability in PP\/SEBS filaments for FFF applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c06409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:03:32Z","timestamp":1790255012000},"page":"59723-59734","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rheological, Viscoelastic,\nand Dynamic Mechanical\nBehavior of ZnO-Filled and MA-Modified PP\/SEBS Filaments for Fused\nFilament Fabrication"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Chiara das Dores","family":"do Nascimento","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) , , , ,","place":["Pelotas, RS, Brazil, 96010-610"]},{"name":"Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul (IFSul) , , , ,","place":["Pelotas, RS, Brazil, 96060-290"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9884-6626","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Everton Granemann","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel) , , , ,","place":["Pelotas, RS, Brazil, 96015-560"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel Luiz","family":"Basso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel) , , , ,","place":["Pelotas, RS, Brazil, 96015-560"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia Oliveira","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) , , , ,","place":["Pelotas, RS, Brazil, 96010-610"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre Lamounier","family":"Caixeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) , , , ,","place":["Pelotas, RS, Brazil, 96010-610"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduarda Vieira","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) , , , ,","place":["Pelotas, RS, Brazil, 96010-610"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabricio","family":"Celso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , , , ,","place":["Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, 91501-970"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9122-4461","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cesar","family":"Aguzzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) , , , ,","place":["Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil, 95070-560"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6302-1974","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lincoln Audrew","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) , , , ,","place":["Pelotas, RS, Brazil, 96010-610"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4911-2631","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marlon Bender Bueno","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) , , , ,","place":["Pelotas, RS, Brazil, 96010-610"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur Lima","family":"Capriolli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , , , ,","place":["Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, 91501-970"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliano","family":"Marini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Sa\u0303o Carlos (UFSCar) , , , ,","place":["Sa\u0303o Carlos, SP, Brazil, 13565-905"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9373-6313","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andre Luiz","family":"Missio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) , , , ,","place":["Pelotas, RS, Brazil, 96010-610"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7766-2377","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amanda Dantas","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) , , , ,","place":["Pelotas, RS, Brazil, 96010-610"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2200421","DOI":"10.1002\/mame.202200421","article-title":"Fused Deposition\nModeling of Polyolefins: Challenges and Opportunities","volume":"308","author":"Verma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Macromol. Mater. Eng."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2025.143293","article-title":"Study on the\nrheological properties and printability\nof multi-scale material modified mortar for 3D printing","volume":"493","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Construction and Building Materials"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1002\/pen.25447","article-title":"Review on nano-and\nmicrofiller-based polyamide 6 hybrid composite: Effect on mechanical\nproperties and morphology","volume":"60","author":"Ghanta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polym. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.144965.1","article-title":"Effects\nof Thermomechanical Parameters on Surface Texture in Filament Materials\nExtrusion: Outlook and Trends","volume":"13","author":"Kechagias","year":"2024","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3076","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14113076","article-title":"Optimization of the filler concentration\non fused filament fabrication 3D printed polypropylene nanocomposites","volume":"14","author":"Vidakis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3267","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14163267","article-title":"Study on the Physical, Thermal and\nMechanical Properties of SEBS\/PP (Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene\/Polypropylene)\nBlend as a Medical Fluid Bag","volume":"14","author":"Murthe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.3390\/polym11020347","article-title":"3D-Printable\nPP\/SEBS Thermoplastic Elastomeric Blends: Preparation and Properties","volume":"11","author":"Banerjee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3696","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15183696","article-title":"The Effect of Functionalized SEBS on the Properties\nof PP\/SEBS Blends","volume":"15","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.24840\/2183-6493_0011-002_002449","article-title":"Effect of graphene\nnanoplatelets on the properties of poly(propylene)-based nanocomposites\nfor automotive applications","volume":"11","author":"Melo de Lima","year":"2025","journal-title":"U.Porto Journal\nof Engineering"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5272","DOI":"10.3390\/su12135272","article-title":"From Disposal\nto Technological Potential:\nReuse of Polypropylene Waste from Industrial Containers as a Polystyrene\nImpact Modifier","volume":"12","author":"Luna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/pat.5495","article-title":"Evaluation of the\nSEBS copolymer\nin the compatibility of PP\/ABS blends","volume":"33","author":"Luna","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polym.\nAdv. Technol."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s10965-005-9020-z","article-title":"Compatibilization\nof Poly(ethylene terephthalate)\/Polypropylene\nBlends with Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polyethylene-Octene Elastomer","volume":"13","author":"Chiu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Polymer Research"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2513","DOI":"10.1002\/pen.26706","article-title":"Processing\u2013microstructure\u2013fracture\ntoughness relationships in PP\/EPDM\/SiO2 blend-nanocomposites: Effect\nof mixing sequence","volume":"64","author":"Hajibabazadeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polym. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2554","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16182554","article-title":"Synergistic Reinforcement with SEBS-g-MAH for Enhanced\nThermal Stability and Processability in GO\/rGO-Filled PC\/ABS Composites","volume":"16","author":"Joynal Abedin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2004.05.033","article-title":"The effects\nof SEBS-g-maleic anhydride\nreaction on the morphology and properties of polypropylene\/PA6\/SEBS\nternary blends","volume":"45","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1177\/0892705719889997","article-title":"Effect of sequence of melt mixing\non the properties and morphology of blends of polypropylene, styrene\u2013ethylene\u2013butylene\u2013styrene\ncopolymer grafted with maleic anhydride, and organophilic montmorillonite\nclay","volume":"35","author":"Lima","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2487","DOI":"10.1002\/pen.25775","article-title":"Enhancing the mechanical,\nmorphological, and rheological behavior of polyethylene\/polypropylene\nblends with maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene","volume":"61","author":"Graziano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Polym. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1590\/0104-1428.03016","article-title":"Compatibilization of recycled polypropylene and recycled\npoly(ethylene terephthalate) blends with SEBS-g-MA","volume":"28","author":"Araujo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poli\u0301meros"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.3390\/jcs7060252","article-title":"A Review on the Fabrication and Mechanical\nCharacterization of Fibrous Composites for Engineering Applications","volume":"7","author":"Ashrith","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Composites Science"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3369","DOI":"10.1021\/acsapm.1c01932","article-title":"Improving the Mechanical\nPerformance of LDPE\/PP Blends through Microfibrillation","volume":"4","author":"Rosales","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.3390\/polym11121976","article-title":"Toughened High-Flow\nPolypropylene with Polyolefin-Based Elastomers","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2019.121602","article-title":"Toughening mechanism\nof polypropylene blends with polymer particles in core-shell structure:\nEquivalent rubber content effect related to core-shell interfacial\nstrength","volume":"178","author":"Jia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s40870-016-0052-8","article-title":"High Strain Rate Mechanics of Polymers:\nA Review","volume":"2","author":"Siviour","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Dynamic Behavior of Materials"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11370","DOI":"10.1021\/acsapm.4c01977","article-title":"Preparation and Performance\nStudy of Polypropylene Composites Modified\nwith Different Functionalized SEBS and Nano-CaCO3","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11093","DOI":"10.1002\/pc.28533","article-title":"Effects of\ncompound compatibilizer\nand CaTiO3 filler on the properties of polypropylene\/polyphenylene\nether\/glass fiber composites","volume":"45","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polym. Compos."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15061434","article-title":"Photo-\nand Water-Degradation Phenomena of ZnO Bio-Blend Based on Poly(lactic\nacid) and Polyamide 11","volume":"15","author":"Puglisi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13040914","article-title":"Polypropylene\/ZnO\nNanocomposites: Mechanical Properties, Photocatalytic Dye Degradation,\nand Antibacterial Property","volume":"13","author":"Prasert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5104","DOI":"10.1002\/pc.27476","article-title":"An investigation\ninto performance properties of sustainable polypropylene composites\nreinforced with basalt fiber and fly ash","volume":"44","author":"Maurya","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polym.\nCompos."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5891","DOI":"10.1002\/pc.27535","article-title":"Extraction\nof natural fibers of Catole coconut (Syagrus cearensis): Application\nas reinforcing filler in polypropylene-based composites","volume":"44","author":"do Nascimento","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polym. Compos."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16243599","article-title":"Examining\nthe Mechanical and Thermal Properties of a Sustainable Polypropylene\nBlend and Fiber-Reinforced Composite","volume":"16","author":"Diwahar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202402393","article-title":"Mechanical,\nThermal, and Morphological\nAnalysis of Himalayan Agave Fiber and Graphene Oxide-Coated Fly Ash\nHybrid Polypropylene Composites","volume":"31","author":"Kumar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Eur.\nJ."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/app.70850","article-title":"Development and Characterization of ZnO-Filled and\nMaleic Anhydride-Compatibilized PP\/SEBS Blends for 3D-Printing Filaments","volume":"143","author":"do Nascimento","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3390\/solids2010006","article-title":"Use of\nDynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) for Characterizing Interfacial Interactions\nin Filled Polymers","volume":"2","author":"Bashir","year":"2021","journal-title":"Solids"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15709","DOI":"10.1039\/C8RA01707G","article-title":"Novel compatibilized\nnylon-based ternary blends with polypropylene and poly(lactic acid):\nmorphology evolution and rheological behaviour","volume":"8","author":"Codou","year":"2018","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4137","DOI":"10.1002\/pen.70482","article-title":"Rheology\u2013Performance Framework for PA6\/GO Nanocomposites\nvia a Hybrid Processing Route","volume":"66","author":"de Melo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Polym. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5370","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17215370","article-title":"Super Tough\nPA6\/PP\/ABS\/SEBS Blends Compatibilized by a Combination of Multi-Phase\nCompatibilizers","volume":"17","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100174","DOI":"10.1002\/mame.202100174","article-title":"Microscopic Deformation Behavior and Crack Resistance\nMechanism of Core\u2013Shell Structures in Highly-Toughened PP\/PA6\/EPDM-g-MA\nTernary Blends","volume":"306","author":"Mehrabi-Mazidi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Macromol. Mater. Eng."},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15061503","article-title":"The Cellular Structure and Toughness\nof Hydrogenated Styrene-Butadiene\nBlock Copolymer Reinforced Polypropylene Foams","volume":"15","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"2026100610492208600_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.3934\/matersci.2024046","article-title":"A recent review\non advancements in dimensional accuracy in fused deposition modeling\n(FDM) 3D printing","volume":"11","author":"Equbal","year":"2024","journal-title":"AIMS Materials Science"}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c06409","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/39\/59723\/68636284\/acsomega.6c06409.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/39\/59723\/68636284\/acsomega.6c06409.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:29:13Z","timestamp":1791300553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/11\/39\/59723\/5437580\/Rheological-Viscoelastic-and-Dynamic-Mechanical"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"39","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c06409","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]}}}