{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:47:03Z","timestamp":1792784823637,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"37","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Xinhua Hospital Clinical Innovation Fund Project","award":["25XHCR12C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25XHCR12C"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04dzvks42","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Beijing Medical Reward Foundation","award":["YXJL-2025-0456-0051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YXJL-2025-0456-0051"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a rare recessively inherited disorder mainly caused by variants in the MMUT and MMACHC genes, leading to the accumulation of methylmalonic acid. The pathophysiological mechanisms of MMA remain poorly understood, and treatments are symptomatic. This study investigated the comprehensive metabolic remodeling signatures of the MMA subtypes. We applied targeted metabolomics to dried blood spot (DBS) samples obtained from a Chinese cohort of 85 patients, consisting of 42 MUT-MMA, 23 CblC-MMA, and an additional 20 CblC-MMA presenting kidney injury and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) as the initial symptoms. In addition, metabolite alterations were also assessed following treatments adopting a reduction analysis. The targeted metabolomics study highlighted the presence of significant differences among the MMA subtypes. New biomarkers (carbohydrates and short-chain fatty acids) were proposed for MUT, while novel data regarding the alterations of unsaturated fatty acid profiles and biomarkers of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis were obtained for CblC disease. We also revealed the metabolic remodeling signatures in MMA patients following treatment. Additionally, key differences were identified between the CblC-MMA-presenting kidney injury and PAH populations, particularly regarding phenylacetylglutamine and isovalerylcarnitine, which may serve as discriminatory biomarkers for these subtypes. These findings provide a robust metabolic framework that facilitates precise subtype diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and a mechanistic understanding of MMA heterogeneity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c06980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T01:01:42Z","timestamp":1788829302000},"page":"56235-56250","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploration of\nMetabolic Alterations in Methylmalonic\nAcidemia across Distinct Genetic Backgrounds"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hai-Juan","family":"Zhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Xin","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si-Yu","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Li","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Li","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Juan","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Wen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue-Fan","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lian-Shu","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , , ,","place":["Shanghai, China, 200092"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-024-03581-x","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of Chinese patients with methylmalonic acidemia\nof the cblC and mut subtypes","volume":"97","author":"Hao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.12376\/j.issn.2097-0501.2022.01.003","article-title":"Current Status\nand Prospects of Screening for Newborn\nHereditary Metabolic Disease","volume":"1","author":"Gu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-024-01475-9","article-title":"Neurodegenerative\nbiomarkers and inflammation in patients with propionic and methylmalonic\nacidemias: effect of L-carnitine treatment","volume":"40","author":"dos Reis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40246-024-00646-0","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of patients with mut-type\nmethylmalonic acidemia\nidentified through expanded newborn screening in China","volume":"18","author":"Ling","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hum. Genomics"},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-023-02890-4","article-title":"Late-onset cblC defect: clinical, biochemical and molecular\nanalysis","volume":"18","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14050528","article-title":"NMR Spectroscopy in Diagnosis and\nMonitoring of Methylmalonic\nand Propionic Acidemias","volume":"14","author":"Deleanu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2025.01.005","article-title":"The emerging role of dysregulated\npropionate metabolism and methylmalonic acid in metabolic disease,\naging, and cancer","volume":"37","author":"Shafer","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2019.165538","article-title":"Multi-omics studies\nin cellular models of methylmalonic acidemia and propionic acidemia\nreveal dysregulation of serine metabolism","volume":"1865","author":"Anzmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim.\nBiophys. Acta, Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-022-00720-8","article-title":"Integrated\nmulti-omics reveals anaplerotic\nrewiring in methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency","volume":"5","author":"Forny","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo14080428","article-title":"Propionic\nAcidemia, Methylmalonic Acidemia, and Cobalamin C Deficiency: Comparison\nof Untargeted Metabolomic Profiles","volume":"14","author":"Sidorina","year":"2024","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jimd.12787","article-title":"Improved\nbiochemical\nand neurodevelopmental profiles with high-dose hydroxocobalamin therapy\nin cobalamin C defect","volume":"48","author":"Olivieri","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Inherited Metab. Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.1057594","article-title":"Prominent\nrenal complications associated with MMACHC pathogenic\nvariant c.80A &gt; G in Chinese children with cobalamin C deficiency.","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Pediatr."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24781","article-title":"Cobalamin\nC deficiency presenting\nwith diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and pulmonary microangiopathy","volume":"55","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr. Pulmonol."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-025-03687-3","article-title":"Correlation between toxic organic acid fluctuations\nand neurodevelopment in patients with methylmalonic acidemia","volume":"20","author":"Ling","year":"2025","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.805599","article-title":"The Follow-Up of Chinese Patients in cblC Type\nMethylmalonic Acidemia\nIdentified Through Expanded Newborn Screening","volume":"13","author":"Ling","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-020-1347-3","article-title":"Understanding acute metabolic decompensation\nin propionic\nand methylmalonic acidemias: a deep metabolic phenotyping approach","volume":"15","author":"Haijes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2021.106350","article-title":"GC\u2013MS\nurinary metabolomics analysis of inherited\nmetabolic diseases and stable metabolic biomarker screening by a comprehensive\nchemometric method","volume":"168","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5312","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25225312","article-title":"Monitoring Methylmalonic Aciduria by NMR Urinomics","volume":"25","author":"Nicolescu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-4116-3_30","article-title":"Application of\na Computational Metabolomics Workflow for the Diagnosis of Inborn\nErrors of Metabolism in a Laboratory Setting","volume-title":"Clinical Metabolomics-Methods and Protocols","author":"Engelke","year":"2025","edition":"2"},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00035.2018","article-title":"Metabolomics\nfor Investigating Physiological and Pathophysiological Processes","volume":"99","author":"Wishart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-018-0140-0","article-title":"Inborn errors of\nmetabolism and the\nhuman interactome: a systems medicine approach","volume":"41","author":"Woidy","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Inherited Metab. Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1002\/jimd.12183","article-title":"A study\non a cohort of 301 Chinese patients with isolated methylmalonic acidemia","volume":"43","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Inherited Metab. Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.3233\/NPM-14814004","article-title":"Methylmalonic\nacidemia presenting as persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn","volume":"7","author":"Agarwal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neonat. Perinat. Med."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2024.09.002","article-title":"Clinical Practice Recommendations on Kidney\nManagement in Methylmalonic Acidemia: an Expert Consensus Statement\nFrom ERKNet and MetabERN","volume":"9","author":"Servais","year":"2024","journal-title":"Kidney Int. Rep."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e540","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-2581","article-title":"Combined Pulmonary\nHypertension and Renal Thrombotic Microangiopathy in Cobalamin C Deficiency","volume":"132","author":"Ko\u0308mhoff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-020-2045-x","article-title":"Early Onset Predominantly Diffuse\nLung Disease in an Infant of Combined Methylmalonic Acidemia With\nHyperhomocysteinemia Cobalamin C Type","volume":"57","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian\nPediatr."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-025-03839-5","article-title":"Long-term outcome of CblC deficiency complicated with pulmonary hypertension","volume":"20","author":"Ding","year":"2025","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg-2022-108682","article-title":"Evaluation of the clinical,\nbiochemical, genotype and\nprognosis of mut-type methylmalonic acidemia in 365 Chinese cases","volume":"61","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2024.109627","article-title":"Metabolome profiling by widely-targeted metabolomics\nand biomarker panel selection using machine-learning for patients\nin different stages of chronic kidney disease","volume":"35","author":"Gu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-023-00788-6","article-title":"Improving the second-tier\nclassification of methylmalonic acidemia patients using a machine\nlearning ensemble method","volume":"20","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"World J. Pediatr."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4304","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13154304","article-title":"Renal Replacement\nTherapy in Methylmalonic Aciduria-Related\nMetabolic Failure: Case Report and Literature Review","volume":"13","author":"Pintus","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47911-3","article-title":"Metabolomics facilitates differential diagnosis in\ncommon inherited retinal degenerations by exploring their profiles\nof serum metabolites","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.21548","article-title":"Metabolomics\ntoward personalized medicine","volume":"38","author":"Jacob","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mass Spectrom.\nRev."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/jimd.12130","article-title":"The diagnosis\nof inborn errors of metabolism by an integrative \u201cmulti-omics\u201d\napproach: A perspective encompassing genomics, transcriptomics, and\nproteomics","volume":"43","author":"Stenton","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Inherited Metab. Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-018-0137-8","article-title":"The role\nof the Human Metabolome\nDatabase in inborn errors of metabolism","volume":"41","author":"Mandal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J.\nInherited Metab. Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.1822","article-title":"Different mutations in the MMUT gene are associated\nwith the effect of vitamin B12 in a cohort of 266 Chinese patients\nwith mut-type methylmalonic acidemia: A retrospective study","volume":"9","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Genet. Genomic Med."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-025-07828-z","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction\ndrives a neuronal exhaustion phenotype in methylmalonic aciduria","volume":"8","author":"Denley","year":"2025","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.003","article-title":"Comprehensive characterization of metabolic\nconsumption and production\nby the human brain","volume":"113","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo15050289","article-title":"Alcohol Exposure\nMay Increase Prenatal Choline Needs Through Redirection of Choline\ninto Lipid Synthesis Rather than Methyl Donation","volume":"15","author":"Petry","year":"2025","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.488","article-title":"Metabolomic analysis of plasma biomarkers\nin children with autism spectrum disorders","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4375","article-title":"D-mannose induces regulatory\nT cells and suppresses immunopathology","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat.\nMed."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1354128","article-title":"Integrated\nplasma metabolomic and cytokine analysis reveals a distinct immunometabolic\nsignature in atopic dermatitis","volume":"15","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-025-03991-y","article-title":"Analysis of hydroxocobalamin\ndosage in patients with\nCblC deficiency","volume":"20","author":"Ding","year":"2025","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26963","article-title":"Dysregulation of Gut\nMicrobiota-Derived Neuromodulatory Amino Acid Metabolism in Human\nImmunodeficiency Virus-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: An Integrative\nMetagenomic and Metabolomic Analysis","volume":"96","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-025-03920-7","article-title":"Metabolomics- and proteomics-based\nmulti-omics integration reveals\nearly metabolite alterations in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury","volume":"23","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlr.2024.100600","article-title":"Accumulation of alkyl-lysophosphatidylcholines\nin Niemann-Pick disease type C1","volume":"65","author":"Mishra","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-018-1625-1","article-title":"Unveiling metabolic\nremodeling in mucopolysaccharidosis type III through integrative metabolomics\nand pathway analysis","volume":"16","author":"Tebani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R067629","article-title":"Short- and medium-chain\nfatty acids in energy metabolism:\nthe cellular perspective","volume":"57","author":"Scho\u0308nfeld","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2013.12.001","article-title":"Regulation\nof energy metabolism by\nlong-chain fatty acids","volume":"53","author":"Nakamura","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog. Lipid Res."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-018-9448-1","article-title":"Disorders\nof mitochondrial long-chain fatty acid oxidation\nand the carnitine shuttle","volume":"19","author":"Knottnerus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Endocr. Metab.\nDisord."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.119","article-title":"Bile acid\u2013microbiota crosstalk in gastrointestinal\ninflammation and carcinogenesis","volume":"15","author":"Jia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol.\nHepatol."},{"key":"2026092211025406100_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00033.2013","article-title":"Sialic Acids in the Brain: Gangliosides\nand Polysialic Acid in Nervous System Development, Stability, Disease,\nand Regeneration","volume":"94","author":"Schnaar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c06980","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/37\/56235\/68436054\/acsomega.6c06980.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/37\/56235\/68436054\/acsomega.6c06980.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:03:17Z","timestamp":1790092997000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/11\/37\/56235\/5425711\/Exploration-of-Metabolic-Alterations-in"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"37","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c06980","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]}}}