{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T17:08:09Z","timestamp":1790096889062,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"37","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019693","name":"Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019693","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Funda??o Arauc?ria de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico do Estado do Paran?"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The continuous increase in global energy demand has intensified the search for renewable alternatives capable of replacing fossil fuels. In this study, an electrochemical reactor prototype powered by photovoltaic energy was developed for biodiesel production from sunflower oil, using 304 stainless steel electrodes. The system was designed to operate under mild conditions, with adjustable voltage (10\u201330 V) and different oil:methanol molar ratios (1:3\u20131:9). The influence of these parameters on the physicochemical properties of the produced biodiesel was evaluated, including acid value, ester content, yield, and density. The electrochemical process achieved yields above 90% and ester contents exceeding 96.5%, meeting the standards established by ANP and EN 14214. The acid value decreased from 1.85 mg KOH\u00b7g\u20131 in the feedstock oil to 0.18\u20130.54 mg KOH\u00b7g\u20131 in the biodiesel, indicating efficient conversion of free fatty acids. The density of the samples (881\u2013889 kg\u00b7m\u20133) remained within the limits recommended by regulatory agencies. Statistical analysis (Welch\u2019s ANOVA) confirmed significant effects of the molar ratio and applied potential on the final acid value of the biodiesel. The results demonstrate the technical feasibility of integrating photovoltaic energy with electrolysis for sustainable biodiesel synthesis, highlighting the potential of low-cost materials and renewable energy sources for biofuel production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c07137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:01:37Z","timestamp":1789178497000},"page":"56314-56322","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of an Electrochemical Reactor Prototype\nfor Biodiesel Production Powered by Photovoltaic Energy"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0939-635X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gabriel Felipe","family":"Rohling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul , Campus Realeza , ,","place":["Parana\u0301, Brazil, 85770-000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josiane de Almeida","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul , Campus Realeza , ,","place":["Parana\u0301, Brazil, 85770-000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharine Margaritha Satiro","family":"Braz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de Sa\u0303o Paulo , Campus Butanta\u0303 , ,","place":["Sa\u0303o Paulo, Brazil, 05508-010"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"Oliveira Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul , Campus Realeza , ,","place":["Parana\u0301, Brazil, 85770-000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1535-7980","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andre\u0301","family":"Lazarin Gallina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste , Campus Cedeteg , ,","place":["Parana\u0301, Brazil, 85040-167"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago","family":"Anjos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , , ,","place":["Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 97105-900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4723-1925","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ricardo F.","family":"Schumacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , , ,","place":["Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 97105-900"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8789-7089","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Letie\u0301re","family":"Cabreira Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul , Campus Realeza , ,","place":["Parana\u0301, Brazil, 85770-000"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092211023204100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rineng.2025.105172","article-title":"Production and evaluation of engine\nperformance and emission characteristics of composite biodiesel from\nMichelia Champaca and Amoora Rohituka oils in a CRDI VCR diesel engine","volume":"26","author":"Pradeep","year":"2025","journal-title":"Results Eng."},{"key":"2026092211023204100_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecmx.2024.100675","article-title":"A review of major trends,\nopportunities, and technical challenges in biodiesel production from\nwaste sources","volume":"23","author":"Ali Ijaz Malik","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energy Convers. 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