{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:59:13Z","timestamp":1791302353947,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"39","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007345","name":"King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KMUTNB-69-KNOW-44"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMUTNB-69-KNOW-44"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007345","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sustainable wastewater treatment requires the development of efficient adsorbents derived from agricultural residues. The durian peel biochar (B-DP) was proposed as a residual biomass adsorbent for such purposes. In this study, B-DP was activated its functional groups using potassium hydroxide (KOH) prior to immobilization within a pectin\/cellulose as modified durian peel biochar (mB-DP) composite beads for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. The surface functional groups and morphology were characterized using FTIR, BET, and SEM, respectively. The results confirmed an enhancement of oxygen-containing functional groups and the formation of a porous structure of mB-DP. The sufficient pH values for the removal and adsorption of Cu(II) were 5.4 and 4, respectively. The pH at the point of zero charge of mB-DP was estimated to be 3.7. Kinetic analysis revealed that Cu(II) adsorption followed the pseudo-first-order model, indicating that the adsorption process relied on an unoccupied site on the adsorbent. The effects of initial Cu(II) concentration (50\u2013150 ppm), contact time (2\u20135 h), and adsorbent dosage (2\u20135 g\/L) were optimized using central composite design coupled with response surface methodology. ANOVA results identified adsorbent dosage as the most significant factor for removal efficiency (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). Under the optimal conditions (150 ppm initial concentration, 3.42 g\/L dosage, and 2.5 h contact time), the predicted removal efficiency and adsorption capacity were 43.98% and 86.19 mg\/g, respectively, which were in good agreement with the experimental results. The quadratic model exhibited high reliability, with an R2 value of 0.98. XRD analysis supported the adsorption of Cu(II) onto the mB-DP composite beads. The mB-DP composite beads demonstrated an effective adsorbent for the remediation of heavy-metal-contaminated wastewater. The work embraced United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs), i.e., #6, #12, and #14.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.6c08809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T18:02:03Z","timestamp":1790013723000},"page":"60415-60428","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Valorization of\nModified Residual Durain Peel Biochar\nLoaded in Composite Beads for Enhancing Cu(II) Removal: Optimization\nand Performance Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8995-5404","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kullapon","family":"Kesonkan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King Mongkut\u2019s University of Technology North Bangkok , , ,","place":["Bangkok, Thailand, 10800"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5358-9838","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Supachai","family":"Jadsadajerm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Mongkut\u2019s University of Technology North Bangkok , , ,","place":["Bangkok, Thailand, 10800"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4189-5501","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Awat","family":"Wisetsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Mongkut\u2019s University of Technology North Bangkok , , ,","place":["Bangkok, Thailand, 10800"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siriorn","family":"Boonyawanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Mongkut\u2019s University of Technology North Bangkok , , ,","place":["Bangkok, Thailand, 10800"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vilai","family":"Rungsardthong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Mongkut\u2019s University of Technology North Bangkok , , ,","place":["Bangkok, Thailand, 10800"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1508-0798","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pinida","family":"Joradon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Mongkut\u2019s University of Technology North Bangkok , , ,","place":["Bangkok, Thailand, 10800"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100610500403000_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1007\/s10895-014-1469-x","article-title":"Interaction\nof Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ with Trypsin: What is the Key Factor of their\nToxicity?","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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Mater."},{"key":"2026100610500403000_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1080\/01496395.2021.1913421","article-title":"Development of Sustainable\nand Ecofriendly Metal Ion\nScavenger for Adsorbing Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ Ions from The Aqueous\nAhase","volume":"57","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sep. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2026100610500403000_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4332(02)00073-9","article-title":"Modeling The adsorption\nof Metal Ions (Cu2+, Ni2+, Pb2+) onto ACCs Using Surface Complexation\nModels","volume":"196","author":"Faur-Brasquet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. 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Liq."},{"key":"2026100610500403000_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.154883","article-title":"Reutilization of waste biomass from\nsugarcane bagasse and orange peel to obtain carbon foams: Applications\nin the metal ions removal","volume":"831","author":"Licona-Aguilar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c08809","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/39\/60415\/68583800\/acsomega.6c08809.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/11\/39\/60415\/68583800\/acsomega.6c08809.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:23:45Z","timestamp":1791300225000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/11\/39\/60415\/5434447\/Valorization-of-Modified-Residual-Durain-Peel"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"39","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.6c08809","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]}}}