{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T03:47:43Z","timestamp":1790999263893,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]],"date-time":"2018-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_termsofuse.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Here, we report the development of monodisperse Zn-doped iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) with different amounts of Zn (ZnxFe3\u2013xO4, 0 &amp;lt; x &amp;lt; 0.43) by thermal decomposition of a mixture of zinc and iron oleates. The as-synthesized NPs show a considerable fraction of wu\u0308stite (FeO) which is transformed to spinel upon 2 h oxidation of the NP reaction solutions. At any Zn doping amounts, we observed the enrichment of the NP surface with Zn2+ ions, which is enhanced at higher Zn loadings. Such a distribution of Zn2+ ions is attributed to the different thermal decomposition profiles of Zn and Fe oleates, with Fe oleate decomposing at much lower temperature than that of Zn oleate. The decomposition of Zn oleate is, in turn, catalyzed by a forming iron oxide phase. The magnetic properties were found to be strongly dependent on the Zn doping amounts, showing the saturation magnetization to decrease by 9 and 20% for x = 0.05 and 0.1, respectively. On the other hand, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy near the Fermi level demonstrates that the Zn0.05Fe2.95O4 sample displays a more metallic character (a higher charge carrier density) than undoped iron oxide NPs, supporting its use as a spintronic material.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.8b02411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]],"date-time":"2018-11-30T08:50:26Z","timestamp":1543567826000},"page":"16328-16337","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Zn2+ Ion Surface Enrichment in Doped Iron\nOxide Nanoparticles Leads to Charge Carrier Density Enhancement"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Stanley","family":"Bram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University , , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , , ,","place":["Bloomington, Indiana, United States, 47405"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7212-9047","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthew N.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University , , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , , ,","place":["Bloomington, Indiana, United States, 47405"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Carbonell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University , , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , , ,","place":["Bloomington, Indiana, United States, 47405"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maren","family":"Pink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University , , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , , ,","place":["Bloomington, Indiana, United States, 47405"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry D.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University , , 1001 E. Third Street , , ,","place":["Bloomington, Indiana, United States, 47405"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David Gene","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University , , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , , ,","place":["Bloomington, Indiana, United States, 47405"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Aguila\u0300","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universitat de Barcelona , , Diagonal 645 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08028"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillem","family":"Aromi\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universitat de Barcelona , , Diagonal 645 , ,","place":["Barcelona, Spain, 08028"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1873-100X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sara E.","family":"Skrabalak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University , , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , , ,","place":["Bloomington, Indiana, United States, 47405"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaroslav","family":"Losovyj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University , , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , , ,","place":["Bloomington, Indiana, United States, 47405"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0438-8132","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lyudmila M.","family":"Bronstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University , , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , , ,","place":["Bloomington, Indiana, United States, 47405"]},{"name":"Russian Academy of Sciences , , 28 Vavilov Street , ,","place":["Moscow, Russia, 119991"]},{"name":"King Abdulaziz University , , P.O. Box 80303, ,","place":["Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 21589"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090412090703300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3261","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2006.482","article-title":"Systemic distribution and elimination\nof plain and\nwith Cy3.5 functionalized poly(vinyl alcohol) coated superparamagnetic\nmaghemite nanoparticles after intraarticular injection in sheep in\nvivo","volume":"6","author":"Hellstern","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Nanosci. 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Surg."},{"key":"2026090412090703300_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16867","DOI":"10.1021\/am5042934","article-title":"Enhanced Magnetic\nFluid Hyperthermia by Micellar Magnetic Nanoclusters Composed of MnxZn1-xFe2O4\nNanoparticles for Induced Tumor Cell Apoptosis","volume":"6","author":"Qu","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"2026090412090703300_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6158","DOI":"10.1039\/c0jm00844c","article-title":"Hyperthermia\ncontrolled rapid drug release from thermosensitive magnetic microgels","volume":"20","author":"Regmi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mater. 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Mater."},{"key":"2026090412090703300_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6548","DOI":"10.1021\/la050418g","article-title":"Tunable Magnetic Arrangement of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Situ\nSynthesized on the Solid Substrate from Diblock Copolymer Micelles","volume":"21","author":"Yun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"2026090412090703300_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1021\/ja8086906","article-title":"Synthesis\nof Uniform Ferrimagnetic Magnetite Nanocubes","volume":"131","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. 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Mater."},{"key":"2026090412090703300_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14583","DOI":"10.1021\/ja046808r","article-title":"Magnetic,\nElectronic, and Structural Characterization of Nonstoichiometric Iron\nOxides at the Nanoscale","volume":"126","author":"Redl","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026090412090703300_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2306","DOI":"10.1039\/b409601k","article-title":"Synthesis of monodisperse\niron oxide nanocrystals by thermal decomposition of iron carboxylate\nsalts","author":"Yu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"2026090412090703300_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1251","article-title":"Ultra-Large-Scale Syntheses\nof Monodisperse Nanocrystals","volume":"3","author":"Park","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. 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Mater."},{"key":"2026090412090703300_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1039\/c5tx00292c","article-title":"Evaluation\nof zinc-doped\nmagnetite nanoparticle toxicity in the liver and kidney of mice after\nsub-chronic intragastric administration","volume":"5","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Toxicol.\nRes."},{"key":"2026090412090703300_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10438","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2011.3934","article-title":"Hydrothermal Synthesis of a Highly Sensitive T2-Weigthed\nMRI Contrast Agent: Zinc-Doped Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanocrystals","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"2026090412090703300_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1039\/c5cp05840f","article-title":"Surface modified multifunctional\nZnFe2O4 nanoparticles for hydrophobic and hydrophilic anti-cancer\ndrug molecule loading","volume":"18","author":"Maiti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"2026090412090703300_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2013.12.095","article-title":"Temperature\ndependent magnetic ordering and electrical transport behavior of nano\nzinc ferrite from 20 to 800K","volume":"590","author":"Daruka Prasad","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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