{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T12:19:00Z","timestamp":1788351540520,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]],"date-time":"2019-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/page\/policy\/authorchoice_termsofuse.html"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/na","name":"De La Salle University Science Foundation, Inc.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/na","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The objective of this research was to find the possible pharmacognosy of the bark of the Philippine Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G.Don (AM). Gas chromatographic\u2013mass spectral (GC\u2013EI-MS) characterization and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were performed to detect the bioactive constituents. EDX analysis of AM bark displayed a high content of potassium (3.26%) and calcium (2.96%). Eight constituents were detected in AM crude dichloromethane (DCM) extracts, which consisted of a long-chain unsaturated fatty acid (17:0) and fatty acid esters such as ethyl hexadecanoate and methyl hexadecanoate. Extraction of AM bark using methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (MeOH\/DMSO) solvents resulted in the identification of 17 constituents, principally alkaloids (alstonerine, 34.38%; strictamin, 5.23%; rauvomitin, 4.29%; and brucine, 3.66%) and triterpenoids (\u03b3-sitosterol, 3.85%; lupeol, 3.00%; 24-methylenecycloartanol, 2.81%; campesterol, 2.71%; \u03b2-amyrin, 2.30%; and stigmasterol, 2.13%). MeOH\/DMSO samples of AM were used in the selected bioassays. The samples exhibited efficient free radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 0.71 mg\/mL) and were noncytotoxic to normal HDFn (IC50 &amp;gt; 100 \u03bcg\/mL) and neoplastic THP-1 cell lines (IC50 = 67.22 \u03bcg\/mL) while highly degenerative to MCF-7 (IC50 = 6.34 \u03bcg\/mL), H69PR (IC50 = 7.05 \u03bcg\/mL), and HT-29 (IC50 = 9.10 \u03bcg\/mL). Most interestingly, the AM samples inhibited the northern Philippine Cobra\u2019s (Naja philippinensis Taylor) venom (IC50 = 297.27 \u00b1 9.33 \u03bcg\/mL) through a secretory phospholipase A2 assay.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.9b00082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]],"date-time":"2019-05-30T12:38:00Z","timestamp":1559219880000},"page":"9488-9496","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, and Antiophidian Potential\nof\n                    <i>Alstonia macrophylla<\/i>\n                    Bark"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4413-5460","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria Carmen S.","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"De La Salle University , , 2401 Taft Avenue , ,","place":["Manila, Philippines, 1004"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Stephanie S.","family":"Carranza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"De La Salle University , , 2401 Taft Avenue , ,","place":["Manila, Philippines, 1004"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virgilio C.","family":"Linis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"De La Salle University , , 2401 Taft Avenue , ,","place":["Manila, Philippines, 1004"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond S.","family":"Malabed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"De La Salle University , , 2401 Taft Avenue , ,","place":["Manila, Philippines, 1004"]},{"name":"Osaka University , , 1-1 Machikaneyama , , , .","place":["Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan, 560-0043"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenn G.","family":"Oyong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"De La Salle University , , 2401 Taft Avenue , ,","place":["Manila, Philippines, 1004"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090207443764900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2010.04.086","article-title":"Alpneumines A\u2013H,\nnew anti-melanogenic indole alkaloids from Alstonia pneumatophora","volume":"18","author":"Koyama","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioorg. 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Biol."},{"key":"2026090207443764900_cit8","first-page":"49","article-title":"Review\non ethanobotany, phytochemical and pharmacological profile of Alstonia scholaris","volume":"2","author":"Meena","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Res. J. Pharm."},{"key":"2026090207443764900_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2011.04.013","article-title":"Bisindole\nalkaloids and secoiridoids from Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G. Don","volume":"82","author":"Changwichit","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"2026090207443764900_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2004.08.002","article-title":"CNS activity\nof Alstonia macrophylla leaf extracts: an ethnomedicine\nof\nOnge of Bay Islands","volume":"75","author":"Chattopadhyay","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"2026090207443764900_cit11","first-page":"558","article-title":"Antipyretic activity of Alstonia macrophylla Wall ex A. 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Ther."},{"key":"2026090207443764900_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2006.12.020","article-title":"Viper and\ncobra venom neutralization by \u03b2-sitosterol and stigmasterol\nisolated from the root extract of Pluchea indica Less.\n(Asteraceae)","volume":"14","author":"Gomes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"2026090207443764900_cit30","first-page":"1218","article-title":"Anti-venom\nActivity\nof Medicinal Plants \u2013 A Mini Review","volume":"12","author":"Meenatchisundaram","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ethnobotanical Leafl."},{"key":"2026090207443764900_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2018.10.004","article-title":"Ameliorating effect of Alstonia scholaris L. bark extract on histopathological changes following\nviper envenomation in animal models","volume":"5","author":"Ghosh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicol.\nRep."},{"key":"2026090207443764900_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.9790\/0853-160508120123","article-title":"Preliminary Screening\nof Aqueous Alstonia Scholaris Linn Bark Extract for\nAntivenom Activity in Experimental Animal\nModel","volume":"16","author":"Sarkhel","year":"2017","journal-title":"IOSR J. Dental Med. Sci. (IOSR-JDMS)"}],"container-title":["ACS Omega"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsomega.9b00082","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/4\/5\/9488\/67718166\/acsomega.9b00082.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article-pdf\/4\/5\/9488\/67718166\/acsomega.9b00082.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:44:49Z","timestamp":1788349489000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/acsodf\/article\/4\/5\/9488\/608021\/Antioxidant-Cytotoxicity-and-Antiophidian"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsomega.9b00082","relation":{},"ISSN":["2470-1343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2470-1343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]]}}}