{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T14:49:08Z","timestamp":1791557348514,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000921","name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA21130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA21130"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Nippon Chemiphar Co LTD"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pharmacological inhibition of P2X4 receptors (P2X4Rs) has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for the management of several immune\/inflammatory diseases. However, the contribution of P2X4Rs in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying colitis-associated intestinal inflammation remain partially unclear. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of two novel and selective P2X4R antagonists, NC-2600 and NP-1815-PX, in rats with 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis. In addition, the molecular mechanisms of their action were also characterized. Oral treatment with either drug or dexamethasone (DEX) was initiated immediately after DNBS administration and continued for 6 consecutive days. NC-2600 and NP-1815-PX attenuated the body weight loss induced by colitis, whereas DEX had no effect on this parameter. The increase in spleen weight and the macroscopic severity of colonic lesions were reduced by all three treatments. Furthermore, NC-2600, NP-1815-PX, and DEX decreased colonic IL-1\u03b2 levels and caspase-1 activity. A reduction in tumor necrosis factor levels was observed only following DEX treatment, as neither P2X4R antagonist affected the colitis-associated increase in this cytokine. By contrast, the loss of colonic occludin expression was reversed by NC-2600 and NP-1815-PX, but remained unaffected by DEX. In THP-1 cells, combined exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) increased IL-1\u03b2 release and the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, caspase-5, and caspase-8, whereas caspase-4 expression was unchanged. NC-2600 and NP-1815-PX prevented these LPS\/ATP-induced alterations. In conclusion, these findings support the potential of selective P2X4R blockade as a therapeutic strategy for intestinal inflammation, possibly through the modulation of NLRP3 inflammasome-related signaling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsptsci.6c00336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T15:02:40Z","timestamp":1789830160000},"page":"2853-2865","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["P2X4 Receptor Antagonists\nExert Anti-Inflammatory\nEffects via NLRP3 Inflammasome in a Murine Model of Colitis"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3303-0674","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vanessa","family":"D\u2019Antongiovanni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa , , ,","place":["Pisa, Italy, 56126"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clelia","family":"Di Salvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa , , ,","place":["Pisa, Italy, 56126"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Fornai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa , , ,","place":["Pisa, Italy, 56126"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Benvenuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa , , ,","place":["Pisa, Italy, 56126"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa , , ,","place":["Pisa, Italy, 56126"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larisa","family":"Ryskalin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa , , ,","place":["Pisa, Italy, 56126"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Bertani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa , , ,","place":["Pisa, Italy, 56126"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Lucarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florence , , ,","place":["Florence, Italy, 50139"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8374-4432","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Di Cesare Mannelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florence , , ,","place":["Florence, Italy, 50139"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Ghelardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florence , , ,","place":["Florence, Italy, 50139"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoltan H.","family":"Nemeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Morristown Medical Center , , , ,","place":["Morristown, New Jersey, United States, 07960"]},{"name":"Columbia University , , , ,","place":["New York, New York, United States, 10032"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gyo\u0308rgy","family":"Hasko\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University , , , ,","place":["New York, New York, United States, 10032"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Antonioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa , , ,","place":["Pisa, Italy, 56126"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909104843100_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i1.91","article-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathogenesis","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"World\nJ. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909104843100_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-00360-x","article-title":"The Four Epidemiological Stages in the Global Evolution\nof Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"18","author":"Kaplan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol.\nHepatol."},{"issue":"9853","key":"2026100909104843100_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60026-9","article-title":"Crohn\u2019s Disease","volume":"380","author":"Baumgart","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"18","key":"2026100909104843100_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1102942","article-title":"Ulcerative Colitis","volume":"365","author":"Danese","year":"2011","journal-title":"N. Engl.\nJ. Med."},{"issue":"21","key":"2026100909104843100_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0804647","article-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"361","author":"Abraham","year":"2009","journal-title":"N.\nEngl. J. Med."},{"issue":"47","key":"2026100909104843100_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10275","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i47.10275","article-title":"Visceral Hypersensitivity in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases\nand Irritable Bowel Syndrome: The Role of Proteases","volume":"22","author":"Ceuleers","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"31","key":"2026100909104843100_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4414","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i31.4414","article-title":"Gastrointestinal Motility\nand Absorptive\nDisorders in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Prevalence,\nDiagnosis and Treatment","volume":"25","author":"Barros","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909104843100_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.4110\/in.2017.17.1.25","article-title":"Pathogenesis of\nInflammatory Bowel Disease and Recent\nAdvances in Biologic Therapies","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immune Network"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026100909104843100_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-019-0720-7","article-title":"IBD in the Elderly: Management Challenges\nand Therapeutic Considerations","volume":"21","author":"Tran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Gastroenterol.\nRep."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026100909104843100_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2020.1743673","article-title":"Approaches for Designing and Discovering\nPurinergic Drugs for Gastrointestinal Diseases","volume":"15","author":"Dal Ben","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Discovery"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026100909104843100_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318033d71d","article-title":"Mind the Gap:\nAn Unmet Need for New Therapy in IBD","volume":"41","author":"Katz","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin.\nGastroenterol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100909104843100_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.117.014878","article-title":"The Purinergic\nSystem as a Pharmacological Target for the Treatment of Immune-Mediated\nInflammatory Diseases","volume":"71","author":"Antonioli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026100909104843100_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-017-1545-1","article-title":"Purinergic Signaling\nduring Intestinal Inflammation","volume":"95","author":"Longhi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026100909104843100_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1080\/1061186X.2023.2235092","article-title":"Pharmacological Modulation of P2X4 in Inflammatory\nBowel Diseases: The Way towards Novel Therapeutics?","volume":"31","author":"D\u2019Antongiovanni","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Drug Targeting"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026100909104843100_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.22.006","article-title":"Electroacupuncture at He-Mu Points\nReduces P2X4 Receptor\nExpression in Visceral Hypersensitivity","volume":"8","author":"Guo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neural\nRegener. Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026100909104843100_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1097\/00054725-200608000-00014","article-title":"ADOA3R as a Therapeutic Target in Experimental Colitis:\nProof by Validated High-Density Oligonucleotide Microarray Analysis","volume":"12","author":"Guzman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Inflammatory Bowel Dis."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026100909104843100_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1080\/1061186X.2024.2367563","article-title":"The Pharmacological Blockade of P2X4 Receptor as a\nViable Approach to Manage Visceral Pain in a Rat Model of Colitis","volume":"32","author":"Di Salvo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Drug Targeting"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100909104843100_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2015.79","article-title":"Carbon\nMonoxide Decreases Interleukin-1\u03b2\nLevels in the Lung through the Induction of Pyrin","volume":"14","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"2026100909104843100_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2021.106786","article-title":"Dataset on the Differentiation of\nTHP-1 Monocytes to LPS Inducible Adherent Macrophages and Their Capacity\nfor NO\/INOS Signaling","volume":"35","author":"Ozleyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Data Brief"},{"key":"2026100909104843100_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1038\/srep01374","article-title":"Hirsutella Sinensis Mycelium Suppresses\nInterleukin-1\u03b2\nand Interleukin-18 Secretion by Inhibiting Both Canonical and Non-Canonical\nInflammasomes","volume":"3","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"40","key":"2026100909104843100_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65471","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.11472","article-title":"TGF\u03b2 Upregulates PAR-1 Expression\nand Signalling Responses in A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells","volume":"7","author":"Smoktunowicz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909104843100_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.14232","article-title":"Enteric Glial\nNLRP3 Inflammasome\nContributes to Gut Mucosal Barrier Alterations in a Mouse Model of\nDiet-Induced Obesity","volume":"241","author":"D\u2019Antongiovanni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Physiol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026100909104843100_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3523","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103523","article-title":"Prodromal Intestinal Events in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease\n(AD): Colonic Dysmotility and Inflammation Are Associated with Enteric\nAD-Related Protein Deposition","volume":"21","author":"Pellegrini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol.\nSci."},{"key":"2026100909104843100_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.01405","article-title":"A Comparative\nStudy on the Efficacy\nof NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling Inhibitors in a Pre-Clinical Model\nof Bowel Inflammation","volume":"9","author":"Pellegrini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100909104843100_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)29641-5","article-title":"An Oral Drug Delivery System Targeting Immune-Regulating Cells Ameliorates\nMucosal Injury in Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis","volume":"297","author":"Nakase","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100909104843100_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5512","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201901844R","article-title":"Colonic Dysmotility Associated with\nHigh-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity: Role of Enteric Glia","volume":"34","author":"Antonioli","year":"2020","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"MAY","key":"2026100909104843100_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00461","article-title":"A Nutraceutical Strategy to Slowing down the Progression\nof Cone Death in an Animal Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa","volume":"13","author":"Piano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"2026100909104843100_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.03.061","article-title":"Retinal Defects\nin Mice Lacking the Autism-Associated\nGene Engrailed-2","volume":"408","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2026100909104843100_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00448","article-title":"Editorial: IBD Management-Novel Targets\nand Therapeutic\nPerspectives","volume":"11","author":"Antonioli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909104843100_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2012.02.122","article-title":"Regulation\nof P2X7-Dependent\nInflammatory Functions by P2X4 Receptor in Mouse Macrophages","volume":"420","author":"Kawano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026100909104843100_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2017.06.010","article-title":"P2X4: A Fast\nand Sensitive Purinergic Receptor","volume":"40","author":"Suurva\u0308li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. J."},{"key":"2026100909104843100_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2019.02.011","article-title":"P2X4 Receptors,\nImmunity, and Sepsis","volume":"47","author":"Antonioli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026100909104843100_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20111453","article-title":"IL-1\u03b2\nMediates Chronic Intestinal\nInflammation by Promoting the Accumulation of IL-17A Secreting Innate\nLymphoid Cells and CD4(+) Th17 Cells","volume":"209","author":"Coccia","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp.\nMed."},{"key":"2026100909104843100_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307394","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1307394","article-title":"Exploring the Role\nof IL-1\u03b2 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis","volume":"11","author":"Aggeletopoulou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100909104843100_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2011.10.001","article-title":"Understanding the Mechanism\nof IL-1\u03b2 Secretion","volume":"22","author":"Lopez-Castejon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor\nRev."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026100909104843100_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2261","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112261","article-title":"P2X4 Receptor-Dependent\nCa2+ Influx in Model Human\nMonocytes and Macrophages","volume":"18","author":"Layhadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026100909104843100_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4336","DOI":"10.1039\/C7FO00544J","article-title":"A High Concentration of Fatty Acids Induces TNF-\u03b1 as Well as\nNO Release Mediated by the P2X4 Receptor, and the Protective Effects\nof Puerarin in RAW264.7 Cells","volume":"8","author":"Tu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"issue":"22","key":"2026100909104843100_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8572","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21228572","article-title":"P2Y2 and P2X4 Receptors\nMediate Ca2+ Mobilization in DH82 Canine Macrophage Cells","volume":"21","author":"Sophocleous","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2026100909104843100_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2018.12.008","article-title":"Bavachin Attenuates\nLPS-Induced Inflammatory Response and Inhibits the Activation of NLRP3\nInflammasome in Macrophages","volume":"59","author":"Hung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026100909104843100_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i14.1564","article-title":"Intestinal Epithelial Barrier and\nNeuromuscular Compartment in Health and Disease","volume":"26","author":"D\u2019Antongiovanni","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"2026100909104843100_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrep.2023.101558","article-title":"Dynamical\nChanges in the Expression\nof GABAergic and Purinergic Components Occur during the Polarization\nof THP-1 Monocytes to Proinflammatory Macrophages","volume":"36","author":"Ruiz-Rodri\u0301guez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100909104843100_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s11302-021-09813-7","article-title":"Recommended\nTool Compounds and Drugs for Blocking P2X\nand P2Y Receptors","volume":"17","author":"Mu\u0308ller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Purinergic Signalling"},{"key":"2026100909104843100_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32461","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32461","article-title":"A Novel P2X4 Receptor-Selective Antagonist\nProduces Anti-Allodynic Effect in a Mouse Model of Herpetic Pain","volume":"6","author":"Matsumura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026100909104843100_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-018-1948-0","article-title":"Elevated Hydrostatic\nPressure Stimulates ATP Release Which Mediates Activation of the NLRP3\nInflammasome via P2X4 in Rat Urothelial Cells","volume":"50","author":"Dunton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100909104843100_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5465","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201903287R","article-title":"P2X4 Receptor Exacerbates Ischemic\nAKI and Induces Renal Proximal Tubular NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling","volume":"34","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026100909104843100_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3058","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4930-11.2012","article-title":"P2X4 Receptors\nInfluence Inflammasome Activation after Spinal Cord Injury","volume":"32","author":"de Rivero Vaccari","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"JAN","key":"2026100909104843100_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00036","article-title":"Canonical and Non-Canonical\nActivation of NLRP3 Inflammasome\nat the Crossroad between Immune Tolerance and Intestinal Inflammation","volume":"8","author":"Pellegrini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"7371","key":"2026100909104843100_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10558","article-title":"Non-Canonical Inflammasome Activation\nTargets Caspase-11","volume":"479","author":"Kayagaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100909104843100_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.07.002","article-title":"Noncanonical\nInflammasome Activation of Caspase-4\/Caspase-11 Mediates Epithelial\nDefenses against Enteric Bacterial Pathogens","volume":"16","author":"Knodler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"33","key":"2026100909104843100_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20167","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.652321","article-title":"Caspase-8 as an\nEffector and Regulator of NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling","volume":"290","author":"Antonopoulos","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909104843100_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2014.08.025","article-title":"Novel Roles for Caspase-8 in IL-1\u03b2 and Inflammasome\nRegulation","volume":"185","author":"Gurung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"2026100909104843100_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8761","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9761","article-title":"Human Caspase-4\nand Caspase-5 Regulate\nthe One-Step Non-Canonical Inflammasome Activation in Monocytes","volume":"6","author":"Vigano\u0300","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100909104843100_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.122762","article-title":"Inhibition of Adenosine Deaminase\nAttenuates Inflammation in Experimental Colitis","volume":"322","author":"Antonioli","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. 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Pharmacol.\nSci."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026100909104843100_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2013.02.009","article-title":"ATP-P2X4 Signaling\nMediates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation:\nA Novel Pathway of Diabetic Nephropathy","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int.\nJ. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026100909104843100_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4641","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.7.4641","article-title":"IL-1beta Causes an Increase in Intestinal\nEpithelial Tight Junction\nPermeability","volume":"178","author":"Al-Sadi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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