{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T13:52:54Z","timestamp":1791553974058,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Wound healing is a complex biological process involving overlapping phases of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling, coordinated by a network of cytokines, growth factors, and cellular responses. Natural products, particularly plant oils, are increasingly being studied for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties. Specifically, this study evaluated the healing potential of almond oil through topical application in an excisional wound model induced in mice, treated once daily for 7 days. Histological, biochemical, and molecular analyses demonstrated that topical treatment with almond oil accelerates wound healing, collagen deposition, and re-epithelialization, and stimulates angiogenesis. At the molecular level, almond oil reduced the expression of MMP-9, increased TGF-\u03b2 and VEGF, and activated the Nrf2\/HO-1 antioxidant pathway, helping limit oxidative and nitrosative stress. Furthermore, it inhibited NF-\u03baB activation and reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, IL-6). These results indicate that almond oil promotes skin healing through synergistic anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and regenerative actions, supporting its use as a natural and sustainable topical agent for wound management in clinical settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acsptsci.6c00453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:02:09Z","timestamp":1790769729000},"page":"2973-2982","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of the\nWound-Healing Properties of Almond\nOil in a Murine Excisional Wound Model: Biochemical Mechanisms and\nTranslational Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Alessia","family":"Arangia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina , , ,","place":["Messina, Italy, 98166"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Aparo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina , , ,","place":["Messina, Italy, 98166"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3980-0043","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marika","family":"Cordaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging University of Messina , , Consolare Valeria , ,","place":["Messina, Italy, 98125"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina , , ,","place":["Messina, Italy, 98166"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5663-3702","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Giuseppina","family":"Mandalari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina , , ,","place":["Messina, Italy, 98166"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosanna","family":"Di Paola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina , , ,","place":["Messina, Italy, 98168"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Cuzzocrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina , , ,","place":["Messina, Italy, 98166"]},{"name":"Saint Louis University School of Medicine , , , ,","place":["Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63104"]},{"name":"Link Campus University of Roma , Via Del Casale Di San Pio V 44 , ,","place":["Roma, Italy, 00165"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramona","family":"D\u2019Amico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Enna (UKE) , , ,","place":["Enna, Italy, 94100"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7868-2505","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rosalba","family":"Siracusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina , , ,","place":["Messina, Italy, 98166"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Impellizzeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina , , ,","place":["Messina, Italy, 98166"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2026100909110003800_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.3390\/clinpract13030059","article-title":"The Efficacy of\nRegeneration Oil and Almond Oil on Split-Thickness Skin Graft Donor\nSites: A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"13","author":"Riedler","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Practice"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026100909110003800_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci8080167","article-title":"The Protective Effect\nof Snail Secretion Filtrate in an Experimental Model of Excisional\nWounds in Mice","volume":"8","author":"Gugliandolo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. Sci."},{"key":"2026100909110003800_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00871","article-title":"Topical Application\nof Adelmidrol + Trans-Traumatic Acid Enhances Skin Wound Healing in\na Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mouse Model","volume":"9","author":"Siracusa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909110003800_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2006.09.007","article-title":"Pathophysiology of acute wound healing","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Dermatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909110003800_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a023267","article-title":"Wound healing\nand skin regeneration","volume":"5","author":"Takeo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect\nMed."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909110003800_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19010070","article-title":"Anti-Inflammatory\nand Skin Barrier\nRepair Effects of Topical Application of Some Plant Oils","volume":"19","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026100909110003800_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9111646","article-title":"Review about non-lipid\ncomponents\nand minor fat-soluble bioactive compounds of almond kernel","volume":"9","author":"Roncero","year":"2020","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"2026100909110003800_cit8","first-page":"47","article-title":"Quality comparison\nof almond oil extracted with different processes and correlation analysis\nof quality indexes","volume":"2","author":"Da","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Chin. Cereals Oils Assoc."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026100909110003800_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1002\/aocs.12941","article-title":"Integrated impact of environmentally friendly extraction\nand recovery methods on almond oil quality: Insights from a lipidomic\nperspective","volume":"102","author":"Dias","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100909110003800_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000648","article-title":"Topical Almond\nOil for Prevention of Pressure Injuries:\nA Single-Blinded Comparison Study","volume":"47","author":"Borzou","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Wound\nOstomy Continence Nurs."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909110003800_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12758","article-title":"An updated review on\nefficacy and benefits of sweet almond, evening\nprimrose and jojoba oils in skin care applications","volume":"44","author":"Blaak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Cosmet Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100909110003800_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics10020081","article-title":"Environmental Risk Assessment of Oxaliplatin Exposure on Early Life\nStages of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"10","author":"Di Paola","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909110003800_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83170-8","article-title":"Protective effect of\nsnail secretion filtrate against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in\nmice","volume":"11","author":"Gugliandolo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026100909110003800_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.116.105668","article-title":"Adelmidrol, a Palmitoylethanolamide\nAnalogue, as a New Pharmacological Treatment for the Management of\nInflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"90","author":"Cordaro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909110003800_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010834","article-title":"Ac\u0327ai Berry\nAdministration Promotes Wound Healing through Wnt\/\u03b2-Catenin\nPathway","volume":"24","author":"Interdonato","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"2026100909110003800_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-015-1476-6","article-title":"Prognostic\nrole of Oct4, CD44 and c-Myc in radio\u2013chemo-resistant\noral cancer patients and their tumourigenic potential in immunodeficient\nmice","volume":"20","author":"Sawant","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Invest."},{"key":"2026100909110003800_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2012.09.019","article-title":"mTOR inhibition modulates\nepileptogenesis, seizures and depressive behavior in a genetic rat\nmodel of absence epilepsy","volume":"69","author":"Russo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909110003800_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201902040R","article-title":"Plumericin prevents\nintestinal inflammation and oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo","volume":"34","author":"Rapa","year":"2020","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026100909110003800_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10050778","article-title":"Hidrox((R)) Counteracts\nCyclophosphamide-Induced Male Infertility through NRF2 Pathways in\na Mouse Model","volume":"10","author":"Fusco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026100909110003800_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26092424","article-title":"Regulatory Role of Nrf2 Signaling\nPathway in Wound Healing Process","volume":"26","author":"Su\u0308ntar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2026100909110003800_cit21","first-page":"3","article-title":"Wound repair","volume":"2","author":"Clark","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol. Wound Repair"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026100909110003800_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2010.05.008","article-title":"Basics in\nnutrition and wound healing","volume":"26","author":"Wild","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026100909110003800_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2005.09.002","article-title":"Inflammatory cells during wound repair: the good, the\nbad and the ugly","volume":"15","author":"Martin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"2026100909110003800_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1462399411001943","article-title":"Inflammation\nand wound healing: the role of the macrophage","volume":"13","author":"Koh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Mol. Med."},{"key":"2026100909110003800_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S50046","article-title":"Fibroblasts\nand myofibroblasts in wound healing","author":"Darby","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin.,\nCosmet. Invest. Dermatol."},{"issue":"265","key":"2026100909110003800_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009337","article-title":"Wound repair and regeneration: mechanisms,\nsignaling, and translation","volume":"6","author":"Eming","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Transl Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026100909110003800_cit27","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor\nmediates angiogenic\nactivity during the proliferative phase of wound healing","volume":"152","author":"Nissen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100909110003800_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01448-0","article-title":"Angiogenesis: potentials for pharmacologic intervention\nin the treatment of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic inflammation","volume":"52","author":"Griffioen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026100909110003800_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2020.1713776","article-title":"3-Nitrotyrosine: a\nversatile oxidative stress biomarker\nfor major neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"130","author":"Bandookwala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J.\nNeurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909110003800_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2014.00130","article-title":"Activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1\ndelays wound healing by regulating keratinocyte migration and production\nof inflammatory mediators","volume":"20","author":"El-Hamoly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026100909110003800_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23094708","article-title":"Evaluation of a Gel Containing a\nPropionibacterium Extract in an In Vivo Model of Wound Healing","volume":"23","author":"Campolo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026100909110003800_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22136879","article-title":"Epigallocatechin-3-gallate modulates postoperative\npain by regulating biochemical and molecular pathways","volume":"22","author":"Siracusa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100909110003800_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2017.12.009","article-title":"Skin wound healing in humans and mice: Challenges in\ntranslational research","volume":"90","author":"Zomer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"issue":"162","key":"2026100909110003800_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/61616","article-title":"Murine Excisional Wound Healing Model and Histological\nMorphometric Wound Analysis","author":"Rhea","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"2026100909110003800_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-505-7_15","article-title":"Murine\nmodels of human wound healing","volume":"1037","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Methods Mol.\nBiol."},{"issue":"75","key":"2026100909110003800_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/50265-v","article-title":"Murine model of wound healing","author":"Dunn","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."}],"container-title":["ACS Pharmacology &amp; Translational\nScience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acsptsci.6c00453","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aptsfn\/article-pdf\/9\/10\/2973\/68709320\/acsptsci.6c00453.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aptsfn\/article-pdf\/9\/10\/2973\/68709320\/acsptsci.6c00453.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T13:31:20Z","timestamp":1791552680000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aptsfn\/article\/9\/10\/2973\/5442237\/Assessment-of-the-Wound-Healing-Properties-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsptsci.6c00453","relation":{},"ISSN":["2575-9108"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2575-9108","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]}}}