{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T19:34:54Z","timestamp":1793302494773,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722988800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722988800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722988800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000183","name":"Army Research Office","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W911NF-19-1-0325"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W911NF-19-1-0325"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000183","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The engineering of enzymatic activity generally involves alteration of the protein primary sequences, which introduce structural changes that give rise to functional improvements. Mechanical forces have been used to interrogate protein biophysics, leading to deep mechanistic insights in single-molecule studies. Here, we use simple DNA springs to apply small pulling forces to perturb the active site of a thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase. Methods were developed to enable the study of different spring lengths and spring orientations under bulk catalysis conditions. Tension applied across the active site expanded the binding pocket volume and shifted the preference of the enzyme for longer chain-length substrates, which could be tuned by altering the spring length and the resultant applied force. The substrate specificity changes did not occur when the DNA spring was either severed or rotated by \u223c90\u00b0. These findings demonstrate an alternative approach in protein engineering, where active site architectures can be dynamically and reversibly remodeled using applied mechanical forces.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acssynbio.4c00431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T13:25:52Z","timestamp":1723037152000},"page":"2600-2610","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Enzyme Engineering\nby Force: DNA Springs for the Modulation\nof Biocatalytic Trajectories"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6086-7368","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ipek Simay","family":"Gokulu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University , , , ,","place":["New York, New York, United States, 10027"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7885-0150","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Scott","family":"Banta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University , , , ,","place":["New York, New York, United States, 10027"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2026102915081015900_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1038\/s41570-019-0079-1","article-title":"Contemporary\napproaches to site-selective protein modification","volume":"3","author":"Hoyt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Chemistry"},{"key":"2026102915081015900_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2022.108010","article-title":"Insertions\nand deletions in protein\nevolution and engineering","volume":"60","author":"Savino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"2026102915081015900_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7366-8_1","article-title":"Protein Engineering:\nPast, Present, and Future","volume":"1685","author":"Lutz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026102915081015900_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.16847","article-title":"From directed evolution\nto computational enzyme engineering\u2500A\nreview","volume":"66","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2020","journal-title":"AIChE J."},{"issue":"7674","key":"2026102915081015900_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/nature24031","article-title":"Expanding\nand reprogramming the genetic code","volume":"550","author":"Chin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"23","key":"2026102915081015900_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6535","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.7b00612","article-title":"Bioconjugation and\nActive Site Design of Enzymes Using Non-natural\nAmino Acids","volume":"56","author":"Kwon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026102915081015900_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1038\/s41570-019-0143-x","article-title":"The importance of catalytic promiscuity\nfor enzyme design and evolution","volume":"3","author":"Leveson-Gower","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Reviews\nChemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026102915081015900_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.27329","article-title":"Enzyme engineering: Reshaping the\nbiocatalytic functions","volume":"117","author":"Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026102915081015900_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-019-0163-x","article-title":"Advances in protein\nstructure prediction and design","volume":"20","author":"Kuhlman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol.\nCell Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026102915081015900_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbac102","article-title":"Protein design via\ndeep learning","volume":"23","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Briefings Bioinf."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026102915081015900_cit11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1804979115","article-title":"Exploring the challenges\nof computational\nenzyme design by rebuilding the active site of a dehalogenase","volume":"116","author":"Jindal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026102915081015900_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2011.10.043","article-title":"Structural analyses\nof covalent enzyme-substrate analog complexes\nreveal strengths and limitations of de novo enzyme design","volume":"415","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"47","key":"2026102915081015900_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4655","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.9b00999","article-title":"Introducing\nthe Mechanical Forces in Biochemistry Special Issue","volume":"58","author":"Udgaonkar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2026102915081015900_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.72.121801.161542","article-title":"Mechanical processes\nin biochemistry","volume":"73","author":"Bustamante","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026102915081015900_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1007\/s12551-019-00564-9","article-title":"Insights into\nthe mechanism of ATP-driven\nrotary motors from direct torque measurement","volume":"11","author":"Nishizaka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biophys Rev."},{"issue":"6933","key":"2026102915081015900_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01601","article-title":"Molecular motors","volume":"422","author":"Schliwa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026102915081015900_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.259769","article-title":"The mechanical cell - the role of\nforce dependencies in synchronising protein interaction networks","volume":"135","author":"Goult","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026102915081015900_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.4161\/chan.22047","article-title":"Mechanosensitive\nion channels: an evolutionary and scientific tour de force in mechanobiology","volume":"6","author":"Martinac","year":"2012","journal-title":"Channels (Austin)"},{"issue":"7693","key":"2026102915081015900_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25453","article-title":"Structure of the\nmechanically activated ion channel\nPiezo1","volume":"554","author":"Saotome","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026102915081015900_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1175","article-title":"Calpain-mediated\nproteolysis of talin\nregulates adhesion dynamics","volume":"6","author":"Franco","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026102915081015900_cit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2015.05.004","article-title":"Mechanical\nAllostery: Evidence for a Force\nRequirement in the Proteolytic Activation of Notch","volume":"33","author":"Gordon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026102915081015900_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3715","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201801171","article-title":"The force-sensitive\nprotein Ajuba\nregulates cell adhesion during epithelial morphogenesis","volume":"217","author":"Razzell","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026102915081015900_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0034-4885\/79\/7\/076601","article-title":"The physics of pulling\npolyproteins: a review of single\nmolecule force spectroscopy using the AFM to study protein unfolding","volume":"79","author":"Hughes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rep. Prog. Phys."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026102915081015900_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1218","article-title":"Single-molecule force\nspectroscopy: optical tweezers, magnetic tweezers\nand atomic force microscopy","volume":"5","author":"Neuman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026102915081015900_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4781","DOI":"10.1039\/c2cs35033e","article-title":"Single molecule force\nspectroscopy using polyproteins","volume":"41","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem. Soc.\nRev."},{"issue":"7166","key":"2026102915081015900_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06231","article-title":"Probing\nthe chemistry of thioredoxin catalysis with force","volume":"450","author":"Wiita","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"40","key":"2026102915081015900_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27121","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M803746200","article-title":"Force-clamp spectroscopy detects\nresidue co-evolution in enzyme catalysis","volume":"283","author":"Perez-Jimenez","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\nBiol. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026102915081015900_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1021\/ar050084m","article-title":"Molecular\nrecognition imaging and force spectroscopy of single biomolecules","volume":"39","author":"Kienberger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026102915081015900_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s12551-021-00822-9","article-title":"Protein nanomechanics\nin biological context","volume":"13","author":"Alegre-Cebollada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biophys Rev."},{"issue":"32","key":"2026102915081015900_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13259","DOI":"10.1021\/ja212170b","article-title":"Conformational\ndynamics accompanying\nthe proteolytic degradation of trimeric collagen I by collagenases","volume":"134","author":"Adhikari","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026102915081015900_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10848","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10848","article-title":"Subnanometre enzyme\nmechanics probed by single-molecule force spectroscopy","volume":"7","author":"Pelz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026102915081015900_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2021.167207","article-title":"Single-Molecule\nForce Spectroscopy\nof Protein Folding","volume":"433","author":"Petrosyan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026102915081015900_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7098","DOI":"10.1039\/C7SC02489D","article-title":"Reversible\ncontrol of cell membrane receptor function using DNA nano-spring multivalent\nligands","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026102915081015900_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4714","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18456-y","article-title":"Multiplex\nflow magnetic tweezers reveal rare enzymatic\nevents with single molecule precision","volume":"11","author":"Agarwal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat.\nCommun."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026102915081015900_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101442","article-title":"Asymmetric effect of\nmechanical stress on the forward and reverse reaction catalyzed by\nan enzyme","volume":"9","author":"Joseph","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026102915081015900_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biophys.050708.133637","article-title":"Controlling\nproteins through molecular springs","volume":"38","author":"Zocchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu. Rev.\nBiophys"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026102915081015900_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.106.092866","article-title":"Guanylate kinase, induced fit, and the allosteric spring\nprobe","volume":"92","author":"Choi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"issue":"6310","key":"2026102915081015900_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aah5974","article-title":"Molecular force spectroscopy\nwith a DNA origami-based nanoscopic force clamp","volume":"354","author":"Nickels","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"33","key":"2026102915081015900_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335103","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/21\/33\/335103","article-title":"Protein-DNA chimeras:\nsynthesis of two-arm chimeras and non-mechanical effects of the DNA\nspring","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Phys.: Condens. Matter"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026102915081015900_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.95.078102","article-title":"Allosteric\ncontrol through mechanical tension","volume":"95","author":"Choi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. Rev.\nLett."},{"issue":"26","key":"2026102915081015900_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8541","DOI":"10.1021\/ja060903d","article-title":"Mimicking cAMP-dependent allosteric\ncontrol of protein\nkinase A through mechanical tension","volume":"128","author":"Choi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am.\nChem. Soc."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026102915081015900_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-022-00517-x","article-title":"Functionalizing DNA origami to investigate\nand interact with biological systems","volume":"8","author":"Knappe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev.\nMater."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026102915081015900_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4968","DOI":"10.1021\/nn507035g","article-title":"Purification of functionalized\nDNA\norigami nanostructures","volume":"9","author":"Shaw","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026102915081015900_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14646","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c03962","article-title":"Local Environment\nAffects the Activity of Enzymes on a 3D Molecular Scaffold","volume":"14","author":"Xiong","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026102915081015900_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3694","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24203694","article-title":"Manipulating Enzymes Properties with\nDNA Nanostructures","volume":"24","author":"Jaekel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2026102915081015900_cit46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10619","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10619","article-title":"Nanocaged\nenzymes with enhanced catalytic activity and increased stability against\nprotease digestion","volume":"7","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026102915081015900_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.22869","article-title":"Broadening the cofactor specificity\nof a thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase using rational protein design\nintroduces novel kinetic transient behavior","volume":"107","author":"Campbell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026102915081015900_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/gzx009","article-title":"Engineering\nthe cofactor specificity\nof an alcohol dehydrogenase via single mutations or insertions distal\nto the 2\u2019-phosphate group of NADP(H)","volume":"30","author":"Solanki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Protein Eng. Des Sel"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026102915081015900_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.201600152","article-title":"Extreme makeover:\nEngineering the\nactivity of a thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhD) from Pyrococcus\nfuriosus","volume":"11","author":"Solanki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biotechnol J."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026102915081015900_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.72.1.233-238.2006","article-title":"Production\nand characterization of a thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase that\nbelongs to the aldo-keto reductase superfamily","volume":"72","author":"Machielsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026102915081015900_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/gzs095","article-title":"Modular exchange\nof substrate-binding\nloops alters both substrate and cofactor specificity in a member of\nthe aldo-keto reductase superfamily","volume":"26","author":"Campbell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Protein\nEng. Des Sel"},{"issue":"21","key":"2026102915081015900_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.98.218102","article-title":"Wormlike\nchain theory and bending of short DNA","volume":"98","author":"Mazur","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys.\nRev. Lett."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026102915081015900_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.3390\/polym8080286","article-title":"Semiflexible\nChains at Surfaces: Worm-Like Chains and beyond","volume":"8","author":"Baschnagel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026102915081015900_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-440X(00)00085-3","article-title":"Single-molecule studies\nof DNA mechanics","volume":"10","author":"Bustamante","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr. Opin Struct Biol."},{"key":"2026102915081015900_cit55","volume-title":"The PyMOL Molecular\nGraphics System","year":"2020"},{"issue":"7873","key":"2026102915081015900_cit56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03819-2","article-title":"Highly accurate protein structure prediction\nwith AlphaFold","volume":"596","author":"Jumper","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026102915081015900_cit57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200410070","article-title":"The biotin-streptavidin interaction can be reversibly broken using\nwater at elevated temperatures","volume":"26","author":"Holmberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026102915081015900_cit58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153702","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4871872","article-title":"Equilibrium softening of an enzyme explored with the\nDNA spring","volume":"104","author":"Tseng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026102915081015900_cit59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18003","DOI":"10.1209\/0295-5075\/94\/18003","article-title":"The complete bending energy function for nicked DNA","volume":"94","author":"Qu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Europhys. Lett."},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"2026102915081015900_cit60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1107\/S1600576722004988","article-title":"MoloVol: an\neasy-to-use program for analyzing cavities,\nvolumes and surface areas of chemical structures","volume":"55","author":"Maglic","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Appl. Crystallogr."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026102915081015900_cit61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.9b03491","article-title":"Theory-Based Development of Performance\nMetrics for\nComparing Multireactant Enzymes","volume":"10","author":"Banta","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Catal."},{"key":"2026102915081015900_cit62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2021.08.014","article-title":"Microenvironmental\neffects can masquerade as substrate channelling in cascade biocatalysis","volume":"73","author":"Abdallah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Opin Biotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026102915081015900_cit63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2022.08.004","article-title":"Biotechnology applications of proteins\nfunctionalized with DNA oligonucleotides","volume":"41","author":"Gokulu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends\nBiotechnol"},{"issue":"14","key":"2026102915081015900_cit64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5177","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CS00085A","article-title":"Engineering\nenzyme\nmicroenvironments for enhanced biocatalysis","volume":"47","author":"Lancaster","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026102915081015900_cit65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5184","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c07560","article-title":"Enzyme Immobilization\nTechnologies and Industrial Applications","volume":"8","author":"Maghraby","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS\nOmega"},{"issue":"32","key":"2026102915081015900_cit66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11879","DOI":"10.1021\/ja4043565","article-title":"Mechanical Control of Renilla Luciferase","volume":"135","author":"Tseng","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."}],"container-title":["ACS Synthetic Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acssynbio.4c00431","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/asbcd6\/article-pdf\/13\/8\/2600\/69030802\/acssynbio.4c00431.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/asbcd6\/article-pdf\/13\/8\/2600\/69030802\/acssynbio.4c00431.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T19:29:43Z","timestamp":1793302183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/asbcd6\/article\/13\/8\/2600\/141896\/Enzyme-Engineering-by-Force-DNA-Springs-for-the"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acssynbio.4c00431","relation":{},"ISSN":["2161-5063"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2161-5063","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]}}}