{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T16:25:31Z","timestamp":1787415931393,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-045"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005145","name":"Basic Research Program of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20233003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20233003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005145","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFF1103703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFF1103703"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The biosynthesis of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), an essential redox coenzyme, is limited by inefficient substrate utilization and low catalytic activity. To address this, an \u201cUptake-Catalysis\u201d system was constructed in Bacillus subtilis for FAD synthesis from riboflavin (RF). First, the Streptomyces davawensis transporter (RibM) was coexpressed with native FAD synthase (BsFADs) at a 2:1 ratio, which increased RF consumption to 51%. Subsequently, the isothermal compressibility perturbation engineering (ICPE) strategy was adopted, generating the optimum mutant BsFADsP61W+R202Y, which increased catalytic efficiency (kcat\/Km) toward RF and FMN by 83% and 73%, respectively. Mechanistic analysis revealed that this improvement was due to a 39% shortening of RF substrate channel. Finally, FAD titer peaked at 563 mg\/L with a conversion rate (cr-FAD) of 92% in shaking-flask fermentation optimization. This work achieved a 225-fold increase in FAD production, validating the effectiveness of the uptake-catalysis synergistic strategy, thereby establishing an efficient and scalable synthesis paradigm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1021\/acssynbio.6c00153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T14:47:37Z","timestamp":1778510857000},"page":"3272-3284","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Engineering of\nRiboflavin Transporter and Enzymes\nin\n                    <i>Bacillus subtilis<\/i>\n                    Facilitates High-Efficiency\nFAD Synthesis from RF"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6463-8175","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yunlong","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , , ,","place":["Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , , ,","place":["Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , , ,","place":["Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9063-9507","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaole","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , , ,","place":["Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4501-5412","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ling","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University , , , ,","place":["Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, 214122"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2026082212132576300_cit1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32641-1","article-title":"Flavin-enabled reductive and oxidative epoxide\nring opening reactions","volume":"13","author":"De","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"38","key":"2026082212132576300_cit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adz1904","article-title":"Ultrafast\nphotooxidation of semireduced flavin in fatty acid photodecarboxylase","volume":"11","author":"Vos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2017.07.005","article-title":"Structure, function, and mechanism\nof proline utilization A (PutA)","volume":"632","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem.\nBiophys."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2021.105561","article-title":"The\nrole of remote flavin adenine dinucleotide pieces in the oxidative\ndecarboxylation catalyzed by salicylate hydroxylase","volume":"119","author":"Pereira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026082212132576300_cit5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2022.03.017","article-title":"Inefficient\nBatteries in Heart Failure Metabolic Bottlenecks Disrupting the Mitochondrial\nEcosystem","volume":"7","author":"Schwartz","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Basic Transl. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026082212132576300_cit6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07812.x","article-title":"Substitutions\nin the redox-sensing PAS domain of the NifL regulatory protein define\nan inter-subunit pathway for redox signal transmission","volume":"82","author":"Little","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026082212132576300_cit7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00347-24","article-title":"Identification and\ncharacterization of archaeal-type FAD synthase as a novel tractable\ndrug target from the parasitic protozoa Entamoeba histolytica","volume":"9","author":"Wulansari","year":"2024","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2025.110291","article-title":"Supplying\nLSD1 with FAD in pancreatic cancer: A matter of protein-protein interaction?","volume":"764","author":"Nisco","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-nutr-061121-084407","article-title":"Causes and Clinical\nSequelae of Riboflavin\nDeficiency","volume":"43","author":"McNulty","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Nutr."},{"issue":"48","key":"2026082212132576300_cit10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17217","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b07011","article-title":"Highly Efficient Flavin-Adenine\nDinucleotide Glucose Dehydrogenase Fused to a Minimal Cytochrome C\nDomain","volume":"139","author":"Algov","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit11","unstructured":"Yonghong, L.; Zhiliang, L.\n          Synthesis and\nAnalysis of both Flavine Ademine Dinucleotide and Nicosamide; M.S. Thesis, Chongqing University: Chongqing, 2006."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103738","article-title":"Insights into the FMNAT\nActive Site\nof FAD Synthase: Aromaticity is Essential for Flavin Binding and Catalysis","volume":"21","author":"Serrano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026082212132576300_cit13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0004(02)00009-9","article-title":"A conserved\ndomain in prokaryotic bifunctional FAD synthetases can potentially\ncatalyze nucleotide transfer","volume":"28","author":"Krupa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Biochem.\nSci."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s004380050393","article-title":"Molecular cloning and characterisation\nof the ribC\ngene from Bacillus subtilis a point\nmutation in ribC results in riboflavin overproduction","volume":"254","author":"Coquard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol. Genet. Genomics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026082212132576300_cit15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.4.950-955.1998","article-title":"Regulation of Ribo\u0305avin Biosynthesis\nin Bacillus subtilis Is Affected by\nthe Activity of the Flavokinase\/Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide Synthetase\nEncoded by ribC","volume":"180","author":"Mack","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026082212132576300_cit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.10353","article-title":"Crystal structure\nof a flavin-binding protein from Thermotoga maritima","volume":"52","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proteins:Struct., Funct., Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026082212132576300_cit17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.20207","article-title":"Crystal structure of flavin binding\nto FAD synthetase of Thermotoga maritima","volume":"58","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proteins:Struct.,\nFunct., Bioinf."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00171952","article-title":"Cloning of FAD synthetase gene from Corynobacterium ammoniagenes and its application\nto FAD and FMN production","volume":"42","author":"Hagihara","year":"1995","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol.\nBiotechnol."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2024.108366","article-title":"Engineering the next-generation\nsynthetic cell factory driven by protein engineering","volume":"73","author":"Guan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026082212132576300_cit20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.synbio.2024.05.014","article-title":"Transportation engineering\nfor enhanced production of plant natural\nproducts in microbial cell factories","volume":"9","author":"Zuo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Synth.\nSyst. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit21","unstructured":"Yanhui, Z.; Wei, C.\n          Structural insights\ninto the\ncatalysis and inhibitory mechanisms of flavin transferase FmnB; M.S.Thesis, Sichuan University: Chengdu, 2021."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6750-11-119","article-title":"RibM from Streptomyces davawensis is a riboflavin\/roseoflavin\ntransporter and may be useful for the optimization of riboflavin production\nstrains","volume":"11","author":"Hemberger","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Biotechnol."},{"issue":"13","key":"2026082212132576300_cit23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2122173119","article-title":"RibU is an essential\ndeterminant of Listeria pathogenesis that mediates acquisition of\nFMN and FAD during intracellular growth","volume":"119","author":"Rivera-Lugo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc.\nNatl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026082212132576300_cit24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59255-7","article-title":"Structure\nand transport mechanism of human riboflavin transporters","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"23","key":"2026082212132576300_cit25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6532","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b02646","article-title":"Modular Engineering of the Flavin Pathway in Escherichia coli for Improved Flavin Mononucleotide and Flavin\nAdenine Dinucleotide Production","volume":"67","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food\nChem."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026082212132576300_cit26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20246203","article-title":"Mutation of Aspartate\n238 in FAD Synthase Isoform 6 Increases the Specific Activity by Weakening\nthe FAD Binding","volume":"20","author":"Leone","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026082212132576300_cit27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-012-9403-9","article-title":"Key residues at the\nriboflavin kinase\ncatalytic site of the bifunctional riboflavin kinase\/FMN adenylyltransferase\nfrom Corynebacterium ammoniagenes","volume":"65","author":"Serrano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Biochem. Biophys."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026082212132576300_cit28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-55944-5","article-title":"Tailoring industrial enzymes for\nthermostability and activity evolution by the machine learning-based\niCASE strategy","volume":"16","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026082212132576300_cit29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07412-6","article-title":"Metabolic\nengineering of Escherichia coli for\nde novo biosynthesis of vitamin B(12)","volume":"9","author":"Fang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat.\nCommun."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026082212132576300_cit30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7367","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00590-07","article-title":"Characterization of\nriboflavin (vitamin B2) transport proteins from Bacillus subtilis and Corynebacterium glutamicum","volume":"189","author":"Vogl","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"issue":"14","key":"2026082212132576300_cit31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10380","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M608583200","article-title":"Flavin binding to the high affinity\nriboflavin transporter\nRibU","volume":"282","author":"Duurkens","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-8-160","article-title":"Structural analysis\nof FAD synthetase from Corynebacterium ammoniagenes","volume":"8","author":"Frago","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2023.128774","article-title":"Direct evolution of\nriboflavin kinase significantly enhance flavin\nmononucleotide synthesis by design and optimization of flavin mononucleotide\nriboswitch","volume":"381","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026082212132576300_cit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2019.04.008","article-title":"Engineering\nenzyme access tunnels","volume":"37","author":"Kokkonen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2021.107696","article-title":"Computational design of enzymes for\nbiotechnological applications","volume":"47","author":"Planas-Iglesias","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"issue":"7397","key":"2026082212132576300_cit36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11117","article-title":"Engineering the third\nwave of biocatalysis","volume":"485","author":"Bornscheuer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9629(96)00209-5","article-title":"Intestinal Absorption\nof Water-soluble Vitamins in\nRainbow Trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"116","author":"Casirola","year":"1997","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026082212132576300_cit38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.128330","article-title":"Functional\ncharacteristics of the\nhuman ortholog of riboflavin transporter 2 and riboflavin-responsive\nexpression of its rat ortholog in the small intestine indicate its\ninvolvement in riboflavin absorption","volume":"140","author":"Fujimura","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"19","key":"2026082212132576300_cit39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9551","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)83550-0","article-title":"Flavokinase and FAD\nsynthetase from Bacillus subtilis specific\nfor reduced flavins","volume":"254","author":"Kearney","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026082212132576300_cit40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1021\/mp3005963","article-title":"Cyclodextrin-mediated enhancement\nof riboflavin solubility and corneal permeability","volume":"10","author":"Morrison","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026082212132576300_cit41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.4c01518","article-title":"The pH-Dependent Microspecies\nDissociations in the Trade-Off of Solubility\nand Permeability of Vitamin B2 Eutectic Solids","volume":"22","author":"Goswami","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2012.09.019","article-title":"Impact of energy supply\nand oxygen transfer on selective lipopeptide\nproduction by Bacillus subtilis BBG21","volume":"126","author":"Fahim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026082212132576300_cit43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.70013","article-title":"Effect of High-Speed\nShaking on Oxygen\nTransfer in Shake Flasks","volume":"20","author":"Schulte","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13068-014-0164-0","article-title":"Carbon\naccumulation in Rhodotorula glutinis induced by nitrogen limitation","volume":"7","author":"Cescut","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Biofuels"},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30071646","article-title":"Optimization of Squalene Production\nby Pseudozyma sp. P4\u201322","volume":"30","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit46","first-page":"15","article-title":"Recent Advances in Construction of the Efficient\nProducers of Riboflavin\nand Flavin Nucleotides (FMN, FAD) in the Yeast Candida famata","volume-title":"Methods Mol. Biol.","author":"Fedorovych","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026082212132576300_cit47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2019.07.004","article-title":"Molecular dynamics simulation of\nproteins under high pressure: Structure, function and thermodynamics","volume":"1864","author":"Hata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Gen. Subj."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026082212132576300_cit48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c08142","article-title":"Biosynthesis\nof 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic Acid through a One-Step Whole-Cell Catalysis","volume":"72","author":"Fang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026082212132576300_cit49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1039\/b517761h","article-title":"Protein unfolding,\namyloid fibril\nformation and configurational energy landscapes under high pressure\nconditions","volume":"35","author":"Meersman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026082212132576300_cit50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3031","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jctc.7b00125","article-title":"The Rosetta\nAll-Atom Energy Function for Macromolecular Modeling and Design","volume":"13","author":"Alford","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Chem. Theory Comput."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026082212132576300_cit51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c08221","article-title":"Computer-Aided Reconstruction and\nApplication of Bacillus halodurans S7\nXylanase with Heat and Alkali Resistance","volume":"72","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J.\nAgric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026082212132576300_cit52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07716-5","article-title":"The FAD synthetase\nfrom the human\npathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae:\na bifunctional enzyme exhibiting activity-dependent redox requirements","volume":"7","author":"Sebastia\u0301n","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026082212132576300_cit53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.2576","article-title":"Cofactors and pathogens:\nFlavin mononucleotide\nand flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) biosynthesis by the FAD synthase\nfrom Brucella ovis","volume":"74","author":"Moreno","year":"2022","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026082212132576300_cit54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.2c07891","article-title":"Successful\nManipulation of the Product Spectrum of the Erwinia amylovora Levansucrase\nby Modifying the Residues around loop1, Loop 3, and Loop 4","volume":"71","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."}],"container-title":["ACS Synthetic Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1021\/acssynbio.6c00153","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"unspecified"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/asbcd6\/article-pdf\/15\/8\/3272\/63366651\/acssynbio.6c00153.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/asbcd6\/article-pdf\/15\/8\/3272\/63366651\/acssynbio.6c00153.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T16:13:36Z","timestamp":1787415216000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/asbcd6\/article\/15\/8\/3272\/5084657\/Engineering-of-Riboflavin-Transporter-and-Enzymes"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acssynbio.6c00153","relation":{},"ISSN":["2161-5063"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2161-5063","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]}}}